Magnetic permeability na abu

Dangantaka tsakanin Magnetic filin (H) da kuma Magnetic juyi yawa (B) a littattafai ne halin da wani jiki yawa kira Magnetic permeability. cikakkar Magnetic permeability na matsakaici - da rabo daga B zuwa H. cewar kasa da kasa System of Units aka auna a raka'a kira 1 henry da mita.

A Tazarar darajar bayyana ta da rabo daga ta girma zuwa girma na da Magnetic permeability na injin da aka denoted da μ. Wannan darajar da aka kira da dangi Magnetic permeability (ko permeability) na matsakaici. Ta yaya ne dangi, yana da wani raka'a.

Saboda haka, dangi Magnetic permeability μ - darajar nuna yadda sau da yawa a cikin shigar da filin na matsakaici ne kasa (ko fiye) na injin shigar da Magnetic filin.

Lokacin da fallasa su da abu, shi ya zama magnetized da waje Magnetic filin. Ta yaya wannan ya faru? Bisa ga jarrabawa daga Ampere, a kowane al'amari na kullum zagawa da microscopic lantarki igiyoyin sa da motsi na electrons falakinsu da kuma gaban nasu Magnetic lokacin. Karkashin al'ada yanayi, wannan yunkuri ne tarwatsewa, da kuma filin "huce ba" (soke) juna. Lokacin da ajiye gawar a wani waje filin igiyoyin ordering, da kuma jiki zama magnetized (m. E. Samun ta filin).

duk abubuwa da permeability ne daban-daban. Bisa ga darajar daga gare ta, batun kwayoyin halitta rabo a cikin uku manyan kungiyoyin.

A diamagnetic darajar Magnetic permeability μ - kadan kasa da daya. Alal misali, bismuth μ = 0,9998. By diamagnetic ne tutiya, gubar, ma'adini, dutse gishiri, da jan karfe, gilashin, hydrogen, benzene, ruwa.

Magnetic permeability na paramagnetic dan kadan ya fi girma raka'a (ga μ = 1,000023 aluminum). Misalan paramagnetic - nickel, oxygen, tungsten, ebonite, platinum, nitrogen, iska.

A karshe, na uku kungiyar ne a yawan abubuwa (yafi karafa da kuma gami), wanda Magnetic permeability ne muhimmanci (da dama umarni na girma) ya wuce hadin kai. Wadannan abubuwa - ferromagnets. M nan hada da nickel, da baƙin ƙarfe, cobalt da su gami. Domin karfe μ = 8 ∙ 10 ^ 3 ga nickel-baƙin ƙarfe gami μ = 2.5 ∙ 10 ^ 5. Ferromagnetic mallaka Properties wanda bambanta su daga sauran abubuwa. Da fari dai, suna da wata saura magnetism. Abu na biyu, su permeability ne mai aiki na waje filin shigar da. Na uku, ga kowane daga cikinsu akwai wani dokin da zazzabi, da ake kira Curie batu a wadda ta hasarar da ferromagnetic dũkiyarsu da kuma zama paramagnetic. Domin nickel Curie batu - 360 ° C, ga baƙin ƙarfe - 770 ° C.

Da kaddarorin ferromagnets kayyade ba kawai permeability amma kuma da girma na, kira a matsayin magnetization na abu. Wannan shi ne wani hadadden maras mike aiki na Magnetic shigar da, girma da aka bayyana magnetization line kira magnetization kwana. Saboda haka, da ya zo a wasu batu, da magnetization kusan daina kara (Magnetic jikewa auku). Backlog darajar ferromagnetic magnetization daga girma girma na waje Magnetic filin shigar da ake kira hysteresis. A wannan yanayin, akwai wani dogara da wani ferromagnet na Magnetic halaye ba kawai a kan ta jiha a wannan lokacin, amma kuma a kan ta gabata magnetization. Zana wakilci na wannan kwana aikin da aka kira hysteresis madauki.

Saboda da kaddarorin, ferromagnetic kayan amfani a cikin art. Suna amfani da rotors na Motors da kuma janareto, a yi da gidan wuta tsakiya da kuma electromagnetic zango da a yi abubuwa na lantarki kwakwalwa. A Magnetic Properties na ferromagnetic kayan ana amfani da tef rubũtãwa, kamar tarho, tef da sauran ajiya kafofin watsa labarai.