Likitan mata: yanayin da ya kwarara, Gwargwadon halaye

Total a kan taswira na Rasha, akwai game da miliyan 2.5 daga cikin kõguna. Mafiya yawa su ne kananan koguna. Duk da haka, wasu isa wani gaske gigantic rabbai. Daya daga cikin wadannan waterways - shi ne Likitan mata.

Janar halaye na kogin

Shugabanci na kwarara daga Likitan mata River ne ta babban alama. Ba kamar sauran Rasha koguna, yana tafiya daga kudu zuwa arewa. Likitan mata ne mafi tsawo kogin a Rasha. Its tsawon wuce ko da da tsawon wannan kõguna a matsayin Yenisei kuma Lena. Jimlar yawan filin ta kwari ne game da miliyan 3 sq. M. km, wanda shi ne sau biyar ya fi girma fiye da yankin na Faransa.

Likitan mata, kamar yadda aka ambata riga, shi ne mafi tsawo kogin a dukan ƙasar Rasha. Its waha aka partially located a wasu kasashen - misali, Mongolia da kuma China. Kogin yana da dama abinci iri: snow, ruwan sama da kuma kankara. A ranar da bankuna ne mai yawa birane. Yana empties a cikin Gulf of Likitan mata. A talakawan gudun da ya kwarara daga cikin Likitan mata River ne 5 km / h.

babba Likitan mata

Pool kira kogin geographically located in daban-daban na labarin kasa da kuma yanayin damina. A gefen kudu har yanzu dating mayar da kogin ne zafi Hamada da kuma Semi-Hamada. A arewa - shi ne sanyi tundra yankin. All waterway yanaye zuwa kashi uku sassa: babba, tsakiya da kuma ƙananan. A batu inda biyu ci a cikin majestic kõguna Biya da kuma Katun, kuma Ya fãra kogin Likitan mata. A yanayi na kwarara a wannan yanki dogara a kan topography.

Up zuwa bakin Tomi Dolina Obi m. Wannan shafin an kira da babba. A nan, da ya kwarara yana da wani fairly high gudun, amma mafi kogi haka ya dada tsere, da hankali da kuma mafi aminci kwarara daga ruwanta. A kogin gado ne sau da yawa guga man da babban hagu banki, da kuma a kasa Novosibirsk shi fadada zuwa 20 km. Ko kasan da kwarara a cikin biyu aikin gandu na Likitan mata - Chumysh ne a gefen dama da na hagu Aley. Ta yaya sauri ko a hankali a lokacin Likitan mata dogara a kan ta yanki. Alal misali, a m kasa a mahaɗar tsakãninsu Katun Bii kuma saboda babban gudun da kogin kwarara a cikin wannan wuri.

Af, a cikin kaka da kuma bazara a wannan wuri za ka iya tsayar da m sabon abu. A wani ɓangare na surface na kogin nan alama da za a sofane. Wannan shi ne saboda biyu farko ruwa na gudãna fentin a launi daban-daban da kuma gauraye nan da nan. Greenish ruwa Katun da whitish Bia samar da irin wannan sakamako.

talakawan Likitan mata

A nasa dogon tafiya Likitan mata tattara ruwa buga Siberian dutsen koguna. Its hanya wuce fadin West Siberian Bayyana, shi ne zuwa kashi hannayen riga, ducts. Lokacin bazara ya zo, a cikin wannan yanki shi halitta da mafarki na wani iyaka jiki na ruwa da kananan tsibiran na ƙasar.

Average Likitan mata ne gaba sashe, wanda aka raba yanaye kogin. Yana farawa daga bakin kogi Tom , da kuma ƙare inda shi gudana a cikin Likitan mata Irtysh. A tsakiyar ɓangare na kogin guga man da ake kira babban yankin Belogorsk - karamin tudu.

A wasu wurare, sosai m (fiye da 50km) ya zama kogi Likitan mata. A yanayi na ta kwarara - m. Shi ma yana da yawa ducts. Bayan mahaɗar tsakãninsu da Irtysh ta tashar, waterway canjãwa shugabanci, juya arewa. Da nisa daga cikin floodplain na tsakiya Likitan mata ne tsakanin 20 da 30 km, kuma Valley - 30-50 km.

ƙananan Likitan mata

A mãkirci ga Gulf of Likitan mata kira Lower Likitan mata. Ga, da nisa daga gare ta ne daga 3 zuwa 7 km. Valley River asymmetric: ta dama banki ne m siffar da kuma rufe da gandun daji, da kuma hagu, a kan m, lebur. Kowace shekara, yanayin da kogin gado canje-canje. Channel, wanke tafi da m dama banki da kuma bar rike har da silt, ya canjãwa da siffar.

Ruwan Tsufana a cikin bazara ne hallmark na wanda yana da kogin Likitan mata. A yanayi na kwarara a cikin ƙananan kai na ta aikin gandu saboda kasancewar iko - Tom da Irtysh. Domin da Lower Likitan mata spring ambaliyar ruwa da kuma bazara ambaliyar ci a cikin daya m kalaman.

Da samuwar kankara cover

Upper da kuma Middle Likitan mata ana rufe a Layer na kankara a cikin sanyi kakar. A babba ɓangare na kogin da aka saki daga kankara cover a kusa da tsakiyar Afrilu, da talakawan - by Afrilu gungumen azaba, da kuma kasa - a farkon watan Mayu. A wasu wurare, da Likitan mata ne kankara-free na dogon lokaci. Alal misali, a fannin Barnaul , wannan zamani ne kwanaki 200 a shekara. A Salekhard Likitan mata ba a rufe da kankara na tsawon kwanaki 180. Lokacin bazara ya zo, kogin ruwa na iya tashi zuwa 4 m. A nan, a lokacin rani da ruwa za a iya warmed up to 28 digiri.

A binciken a cikin tarihi na Likitan mata

A waɗannan kwanaki, lokacin da Turai nasara ya riga ya ci gaba a cikin Amurka, gabashin Siberia ya zauna har yanzu talauci gane. A farko records na Likitan mata River, yanã ga Mai XVI karni. A waɗannan kwanaki an yi tunanin cewa shi zai iya samun damar yin amfani da kasar Sin, kuma ko da India.

Misali mafi kyau na maps of Siberia a lokacin wani bincike Mercator Atlas of Turai, hada a 1595. Amma ko da akwai kogi ne ya wakilci gaba daya ba daidai ba. A wadanda ba babu kasar Sin Lake da aka gano a cikin sama ya kai.

Rasha ya fara shirya a Siberia kamar XVI-XVII karni., Ko da yake a lokacin da kwari da aka samu su riga sun shagaltar da kabilu Khanty, Mansi da Selkups. Yana da wuya a lokacin kafa asalin sunan da kogin. Wasu masu bincike yi imani da cewa shi ya sami asali daga Rasha kalmar "duka", kamar yadda da kogin fãra daga biyu sauran koguna.

Sauran masana kimiyya suka yi ĩmãni da sunan zo daga kasar Iran kalmar "ab", wanda yake nufin "ruwa". Amma da farko ya gana da Likitan mata Novgorod, ya zaunar da su a Lower Likitan mata. Su kira da kogin "Obdora". Amma yafi ga geographers ba tatsuniya kogin Likitan mata. A yanayi na kwarara, wurinta da dũkiya karatu a lokacin da yawa expeditions kuma da taimakon musamman kayan aiki.