SamuwarLabarin

Lev Zadov-Zinkovskiy - Head of Counterintelligence Revolutionary Army tayar da kayar baya na Ukraine Nestor Makhno

Lev Zadov ya shahararren wakilin m zamanin yakin basasa. An Anarchist da tofin Allah tsine, ya yi yaƙi da farko a gefe na Red Army, sa'an nan ya koma zuwa ga 'yan tawayen Makhno. Bayan da shan kashi na "kore" Zadoff gudu zuwa Romania. Ko da a cikin peacetime, ya koma kasarsa, inda ya fara aiki domin NKVD.

farkon shekaru

Haifi Lev Nikolaevich Zadov Afrilu 11, 1893. By kabila ya kasance Yahudawa, da kuma ainihin sunan da aka rubuta a matsayin Zodov. Amma aboki Makhno ne mafi kyau a san shi da sunan barkwanci Zinkovskiy. Lev Nikolaevich Zadov aka haife shi a wani karamin Yahudawa mallaka kusa ba-rana Donetsk. Duk da yake Semitic yawan zauna a m ƙauyuka a yammacin larduna na Rasha Empire. Yana da alaka da zama na Kodadde na warware. Yahudawa ba zai iya shirya a tsakiyar bangare na kasar. Amma akwai da yawa a cikin Ukraine da kuma Poland.

A cikin marigayi XIX - farkon XX karni. Yahudawa da yawa suka mambobi ne na juyin juya halin Musulunci motsi. Na yi ba togiya da Lev Nikolaevich Zadov. Mun gode wa mai kira gina shi daga wani wuri shekaru ya yi aiki a wurare daban daban da kamfanoni (a niƙa, ma'aikata da sauransu. D.). A cikin wannan yanayi, shi ne musamman aiki farfaganda na m siyasa. Saboda haka Zadov sauki zama wani Anarchist. Ya aka rarraba doka adabi, ya halarci tarurruka. Ya kama da aka musamman da amfani a sace ko "expropriations." An sani cewa matasa Anarchist aka hannu a akalla uku irin wadannan ayyuka. Masu tsattsauran ra'ayi sata matsaran ƙofofi, da reluwe tashar da kuma gidan waya. A kudi tafi zuwa ga kashiya na neman sauyi motsi, sa'an nan ya ciyar a kan bugu yakin neman kayan.

A kurkuku da kuma a cikin Red Army

A 1913, Lev Nikolaevich Zadov domin m aiki aka kama da hukumomi. A kotu yanke masa hukuncin shekaru takwas a kurkuku a naƙudarta. Shi ne, akwai saboda dissonant Anarchist canza sunansa, kuma ya kasance Zinkovskaya. A watan Fabrairu 1917 akwai wani juyin juya halin. Sarautan fadi, da kuma wani sabon gwamnatin rikon kwaryar kasar ta sanar afuwa ga duk "fursunonin siyasa." Saboda haka, Zinkovskiy saki bayan hidima rabin jadawalin.

Revolutionary koma ƙasarsa Yuzovka (nan da nan za a sake masa suna ba a Donetsk), inda aka zabe shi dan wani mataimakin na gida ma'aikata. Bayan da Bolsheviks zo iko Zinkovskiy aikin bayyana a cikin Red Army. Da sojojin da koma baya ga Tsarina. Duk da wuya halin da ake ciki ana fuskantar da mambobi ne na yakin basasa, talakawa ya riga ya nuna masa m ikon da da ewa aka ciyar da su kai na birged. Zadov amma nan da nan ya bar Red Army. Kamar yadda ya bayyana a cikin daya daga cikin tambaya ta NKVD, a kan yi ƙaura daga da addinan sa. Lokacin da hedkwatarta, a wani bangare yana da albashi, Zinkovskaya matsayin babban kocin biya 750 rubles. Talakawa samu sau goma kasa. Wannan ya fusatar da Anarchist, kuma ya tafi zuwa ga Ukraine. Daga baya a cikin GPU na NKVD tunatar da shi cewa yi ƙaura a 1918.

A hannun dama na Makhno

Ya zama sabon shugaban Zadoff, Nestor Makhno - Anarchist da kuma shugaban da kwata 'yanci motsi a Ukraine. Leo halarci dukkan manyan ayyukan "yan tawayen kore". A cikin bazara na shekara ta 1919, ya jagoranci wata kungiyar da cewa ya gana da wani taimako ga bourgeoisie da jari hujja rai a ƙasa sarrafawa da sojojin na Makhno.

Ukrainian tayar da kayar baya Army wani sosai wadanda ba uniform a cikin abun da ke ciki. A moriyar membobinta sau da yawa ba daidaita. Alal misali, ya yi amfani da Zinkovskiy wajen dubious suna, yafi saboda gaskiyar cewa a lokacin tsere daga Red Army. Wasu mahalarta da yakin basasa daga m Makhno bukaci mutuwarsa. Sun kasance sũ ne irin tasiri mutane kamar yadda Lev Golik (shugaban counter-m) da kuma Alexey Marchenko. Jita-jita game da unreliability Zinkovskaya ƙara rura wutar magana cewa Soviet KGB kokarin kurtu da shi.

Jobs 'yan tawayen counterintelligence

A mafi muhimmanci lokacin da adjutant na Makhno aka ceto daga azãba matarsa "baba" Galina Kuzmenko. Shi ne wasu lokaci kafin ya yi aiki tare da Zinkovskaya counterintelligence 'yan tawayen da kuma imbued shi amana. Yana da a wannan Zadoff matsayinsa ya yi a kan mafi rigima aikin a lokacin da ya tsaya a cikin sahu na Makhnovists.

Punitive gawarwakin rabu da mutane da ake zargi da yaudara da kuma disloyalty. Lev Nikolaevich Zinkovsky, kamar Lenin, imani da cewa wani juyin juya halin da ba za a iya yi a cikin fari safar hannu da kuma yin amfani da aristocratic hanyoyin da gwagwarmayar siyasa. Duk da kisan-kiyashi da yakin basasa, da kuma farin da kuma ja, da kuma "kore" gaskata hidima mai girma da dalili. A wasu, shi ya kwaminisanci, yayin da wasu - kasa 'yanci ko zamantakewa daidaici karkashin anarchic akida.

A karshen yakin basasa

By 1920, da Red Army karya Denikin kuma ya sake a Ukraine. Sa'an nan Nestor Makhno da magoya bayan an ayyana makiya na mutane. A 'yan tawayen suka ci, ba kawai saboda soja kasawa, amma kuma laifi da fashewa da annoba typhus. Cuta damƙar decimated ko mafi jiki karfi da lafiya maza. Zinkovskiy ma, domin a yayin da wani bala'i, ko da yake, ya ya iya warke. Wannan ya kasance daga cikin 'yan kimanin Makhno tsira daga mutuwa ta ɓuya a makomarsa.

Bayan da shugaban na ci kungiyar 'yan tawayen juya ta zama hadari, Leo da ɗan'uwansa ba bisa ƙa'ida ba ya kõma zuwa ga' yan qasar Donbass. Ba da da ewa, da Soviet gwamnati yanke shawarar yin da yawa tare da Makhno. Guerrillas sun miƙa yin zaman lafiya tare da Reds kuma ya taimake su a yaki da saurã daga Wrangel sojojin, kunshe ne a cikin Crimea. A cikin fall na 1920 Zinkovskiy sake taƙaice ya zama abokin aiki na ja. Ya yi yaƙi a cikin Crimea da kuma dauki bangare a cikin karshe da shan kashi na White motsi a cikin wannan yanki.

ƙaura

A lokacin rani na 1921 Makhno tare da 'yan tsira sahabbai suka gudu zuwa Romania. Lokacin da wucewa ta cikin iyakar Zadov directed m aiki don kawar da masu gadi. Tare da goma 'Yan tawayen ya nuna kamar ja Makhnovists biyã ne. Saboda haka da Anarchist gudanar da wawa da masu gadi. Lokacin da suka rasa vigilance, kusa da oda Zinkovskaya, tausayi wuta da aka bude a kan su.

Saboda haka da yawa domin Zadoff fara ƙaura lokaci. Ya zauna a Romania. Tun da rai ya kasance ba ga cewa, tsohon Makhnovets da ɗan'uwansa yi aiki a wani sawmill. Su na zullumi halin da ake ciki ya kasance abin kula ne musamman, ba abin da 'yan tawayen san game da wanzuwar Ukrainian burials taskõkin binne ta da su har ma a lokacin yakin basasa. Matsalar shi ne kawai cewa yan gudun hijira, sauri ya haye Soviet kan iyaka, da kuma basu da lokaci zuwa kula da su nan gaba da alheri.

makõma take

Ba da da ewa Romanian m ya dauka tsohon Makhnovets. Zinkovskaya miƙa aiki a cikin commando kungiyar cewa shirya ya jefa a cikin Soviet Ukraine. Leo ce eh. A 1924 ya kasance baya a gida. Duk da haka, nan da nan Zadov yanke shawarar mika wuya ga Soviet hukumomi. Ya Malaman tarihi sun ce shi daga farkon duril Romanian scouts don samun to da Tarayyar Soviet da trump katin up ya hannun riga da hankali a kan harkokin wajen ayyukan da makiya.

Zin'kovskaya kungiyar an yi ĩmãni da za a kama. All abokansa aka saki, amma shi da kansa ya dade da aka tambaye su. Watanni shida, da rabo daga cikin tsohon Makhnovets sun rataye a cikin balance. Soviet Cheka, a cikin wanda iko shi ne ya yanayin, ya tsaurara yanke shawara. A karshe a cikin gabobin zatona dole dauki wani Zadoff a bisa doka ba aiki. Ya yi wani mai arziki da kuma na musamman da kwarewa a hankali da kuma counterintelligence. Wannan waƙa rikodin ya ko da yaushe aka mai daraja da NKVD. Bugu da kari, zargin da hannu a tayar da kayar baya sun riga wanda arzikinsa ya karye. Zinkovskiy, kamar dubban sauran magoya bayan Makhno, aka yafe masu a 1922, bisa ga shawarar da gwamnatin Soviet.

Sotrunichestvo da NKVD

Akwai version cewa Lev Zadov ya iya gudanar da shawarwari tare da jami'an tsaro na da tausayi domin ya yi magana game da whereabouts da taskarsu, aka binne 'yan tawaye a Ukraine a lokacin yakin basasa. A daidai san cewa Makhno kansa, a zaman talala, kokarin aika kanka wani m mutane a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, da kuma samun koma m taskõkin.

Abin da hanyoyi Zadovsky ba sanã'anta da hakkin ya dama na biyu, ya da basira ya yi amfani da damar da za su gaskata da kansa a gaban Soviet iko. Wurin aikin ya zama Odessa. Wannan muhimmanci tashar jiragen ruwa, ayi ba da nisa daga kan iyaka, ya cibiyar haduwa domin da yawa daban-daban adventurers da kuma 'yan ta'adda. Tana hada kai da hukumomin, Zadov gudanar ya fallasa da kuma kawar da wasu ba bisa doka ba laifi kungiyoyin.

harbi

Duk yadda tasiri da kuma m wakili kuma ba ya da Zadov, ya yi bakin ciki rabo awaited. Ya fadi a cikin ɗan dutsen niƙa daga Stalin ta repressions 30s. Sa'an nan da aka kama da kuma harbe a kan daban-daban trifles har tsoro labarbaru game da shugaba. A mutum a lokacin da za a canza zuwa Red Army da kuma Makhno 'yan tawayen suka tsere zuwa Romania, a kan wannan bango aka kawai wanzuwa.

Zadoff aka kama a watan Agusta 1937. Ya aka zarge shi da leken asiri a cikin ni'imar Romania. Yana da muhimmanci cewa NKVD ya ba dalĩlin laifi. Sa'an nan, a cikin shakka tafi nagartaccen hanyoyin da tambaya, ciki har da azabtarwa. The tsari da aka dukan shekara. A karshe, a karkashin wannan matsin lamba Zinkovskiy furuci da aiki ga kasashen waje leken. Satumba 25, ya, kamar mutane da yawa wasu da aka kashe a shekara ta 1938, ya ce ban kwana ga rayuwa a cikin kurkuku na NKVD ba tare da duk wata dama ta wani adalci fitina ko gaskata. Na dogon lokaci, ya harka kasance m. Ko bayan Khrushchev narke na rashin laifi Zinkovsogo ba ya tuna. Bayyana posthumously gyara a cikin tarayyar Soviet har zuwa sake fasalin kudin. Zadov ya sami kuɓuta ne kawai a shekarar 1990.

posthumous image

Zinkovskiy ya zama daya daga cikin haruffa a cikin trilogy Alekseya Tolstogo, "The Road to akan". A fassarar da marubuci, kuma daga baya Soviet karbuwa daga cikin labari, shi ne wata m Executioner kuma haƙĩ daga cikin mafi mashaya jini umarni Nestora Mahno. Mutane da yawa masu kallo za su tuna da shi ne kawai ta hanyar almara ya zama kalmar "Ina - Leva Zadov, wasa tare da ni ba lallai ba ne."

Hakika, Tolstoy ta labari ya ba da kawai ƙoƙari fahimtar biography wata mai haske, kuma shubuha Anarchist. Zinkovskaya m zuwa rayuwa a cikin wani tashin hankali zamanin. Ya kasai da kuma canja masa biyayya, kamar yadda haka da yawa daga cikin Sahaban, wanda ya sansana da gunpowder a lokacin yakin basasa.

iyali

Brother neman sauyi Daniel ya kusa da shi a ko'ina cikin yakin basasa. Tare da suke gudu zuwa Romania, da kuma biyu sun koma Tarayyar Soviet. Daniel aka harbe a cikin wannan a shekara ta 1938, ko da yake ya kuma yi aiki ga NKVD a Tiraspol.

Sai a Zadoff da kuma dan - Vadim Lvovich Zinkovsky. Duk wani sosai matasa shekaru, ya shi ne a karshen Mai girma Patriotic War a matsayin mai sa kai suka tafi wajen ƙofar. Daga baya ya zama kanar na soja. Vadim Lvovich rubuta tarihin rayuwar mahaifinsa, a cikin abin da ya yi kokarin tabbatar da sanannun Anarchist a gaban Sahaban.

Similar articles

 

 

 

 

Trending Now

 

 

 

 

Newest

Copyright © 2018 ha.delachieve.com. Theme powered by WordPress.