Leishmaniasis cuta: cututtuka, magani, photos

A subtropics da yammacin sahara sabon abu a sami leishmaniasis cuta. The rashin lafiya yana daukar kwayar cutar da mutane ta hanyar sauro cizon. A causative wakili da cutar - protozoa na HALITTAR Leishmania. Wannan Pathology da aka rajista, a 88 ƙasashe, daga abin da 72 ne kasashe masu tasowa.

taƙaitaccen bayanin

Live kuma ci gaba na Leishmania a cikin mutane ko dabbobi daban daban. Popular sau da yawa aka sãme su a Foxes, wurin zaman diloli, da karnuka, wasu hakori. Har yau babu wani bayani game da tsawon infectiousness na dabbobi da mutane. An sani kawai daya. Idan fata, ko a cikin jini da m, rundunar shine tushen da kamuwa da cuta.

Matukar hatsari ya magance a Leishmania kwayoyin. Suna zaune a cikin baƙin ciki da kuma hanta. Wani lokaci parasites shirya a cikin bargo. Kamar yadda muka gani a sama, irin wannan cuta - ba kawai mutum masifar. Sau da yawa samu leishmaniasis a karnuka, Pet hakori.

tarihi bayanai

Leishmaniasis aka samu P. F. Borovskim a 1898. Samun parasites a smears pendinskoy miki, likita na farko da aka bayyana su. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa cutar da ake kuma kira leishmaniasis "leishmaniasis". Da yawa daga baya, da pathogen za a sanya wa wani musamman halitta Leishmania HALITTAR. A Pathology hanya da aka kafa kawai a 1921.

A halin yanzu, leishmaniasis cuta - a rare cuta, wanda zai iya kawai kama a cikin kasashen na yammacin sahara, subtropics.

Mene ne wani m?

More kowa cuta ne cutaneous leishmaniasis. A causative wakili da cutar - Leishmania. la'akari da m ba zai yiwu tare da ido tsirara. Its girma ne microscopically kananan. Leishmania tsawon - game da 3 microns. A m yana da wani mai siffar zobe ko m siffar, aka located a tsakiyar ta core. A gaban wani ɓangare qunshi wani Leishmania flagellum ne a raya blefaroplast.

M ciyarwa a kan abinda ke ciki na dabba Kwayoyin, mutum. Ninka da sauki division. A gaban wani ɓangare babu flagellum. Kamar wancan fara aiwatar da haifuwa, wanda results a samu na jiki.

tafarkin da

The rashin lafiya ne sauƙi wuce. A makirci ne mai sauki isa. Kwari cizo na wani kamuwa da mutum ko dabba parasites kawo a cikin wani m kwayoyin. Bayan wani lokaci da haƙuri kamu da cutar leishmaniasis.

Pathogens da dama dozin jinsunan. Game da ashirin da su gabatar da wata barazana ga rayuwar dan Adam. Mafi sau da yawa, da suka sa cutaneous leishmaniasis. Yana dagula lura da cuta da cewa parasites ne gaba daya m zuwa kwayoyin far.

Sauro suke dauke da kwayar cutar. Bayan da aka ta cije mai cutar kamuwa kwari. Kuma bayan wani mako riga wakiltar tushen cutar. Wadannan jini-tsotsa kwari harba haƙuri ne cutaneous nau'i na cutar. A jikin mutum zai iya samar da antibodies. Da zarar warke daga irin wannan siffar da mãsu haƙuri yana da karfi rigakafi da cutar.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis cuta ne iya yaduwa ba kawai ta hanyar da jinin sauro. A kwari za a iya kamuwa miki sallama.

cuta rarrabuwa

Akwai iri uku da cuta:

1. Leishmaniasis fata. The rashin lafiya bayyana zurfin Aljihuna na magana da papules.
2. Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. Domin irin wannan cuta halin da ulcers na bakin, hanci da makogwaro.
3. Visceral leishmaniasis. Wannan nau'i ne suka kamu da lokacin da Leishmania shiga Lymph tasoshin. Tun da shi shimfidawa kwararar ruwa ta cikin jiki. Ana rinjayar da kayan ciki. Wannan shi ne yafi da baƙin ciki, huhu, zuciya, hanta. Wannan nau'i na da ikon nunawa a cikin m rigakafi Pathology.

Photo fili leishmaniasis cuta dake kasa. Yana buga cutaneous cuta.

Rabawa Pathology, dangane da wanda ya tafki da kuma tushen kamuwa da cuta. Saboda haka, cutaneous leishmaniasis, kuma visceral iya zama na biyu siffofin:

• anthroponotic - tushen cuta ne mutumin.
• zoonotic - da causative wakili na cutar da aka canjawa wuri daga dabbobi.

Alamun visceral fom

Yana characterizes wannan nau'i na dogon shiryawa zamani. Tun da kamuwa da cuta kafin farko na farko alamun cutar na iya daukar daga kwanaki 20 zuwa 5 months. Yana tasowa sannu a hankali visceral leishmaniasis. A bayyanar cututtuka a farkon matakai kamar haka:

• Akwai janar rauni.
• kodadde fata.
• rage ci har zuwa ta da cikakken rashi.
• saifa size ya karu kadan.
• alama apathy.
• yanayin jiki yakan (matsakaicin kudi ne 38 C).

Ci gaban da cutar halin Bugu da kari na sabon fasali. Nepredprinyatye ƙoƙarin leishmaniasis exacerbate. Alamun a cikin mutane suna kara da cewa kamar haka:

1. Abu mai muhimmanci ya karu da yawan zafin jiki (40 ya kai wani batu C). Wannan yanayin na da wavy hali. A haƙuri jũyar da al'ada hyperthermia.
2. Tari. Wannan alama ya auku a raunuka na numfashi na'ura.
3. Kara girman Lymph nodes. Gano a lokacin dubawa. A karuwa lura a kusa da shafi gabobin.
4. Taushi na hanta, saifa a lokacin palpation. Tana da wani gagarumin karuwa a wadannan gabbai.

Idan ba ka fara wani yaki tare da Pathology, ya ci gaba don ci gaba leishmaniasis. Jiyya muhimmanci wuya. A haƙuri da yanayin ci gaba da deteriorate:

• da depletion na haƙuri.
• saifa zama babban size.
• fata surface ne bushe, kodadde.
• m dizziness.
• bayyana busa a kafafu.
• m zuciya contractions.
• qara ciki girma (ruwa accumulates a cikin peritoneal kogo);
• akwai zawo.
• illa iko.

A karshe mataki ne halin da rage tsoka sautin, bayyanar da dukan jiki busa, kodadde kodnymi inuwõyi. A sakamakon haka, da mãsu haƙuri mutu.

Wani lokaci kamu kullum cutar hanya. Ãyõyin cuta kusan m. Wannan asibitin da aka lura da lokacin da shuka Leishmania m kayan ciki.

Bayyanar cututtuka na fata cututtuka

Wannan nau'i ne sau da yawa rajista a Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan, Brazil, Syria, Iran, Peru. A shiryawa zamani iya wuce daga 10 zuwa kwanaki 1.5 watanni.

A farko mataki a cikin samuwar fata ya auku, wanda shi ne halayyar ga kwaro cizo. A wannan lokaci, ƙarshe kafa tafasa, gani kama tubercle. Palpation na wurin sa m rashin jin daɗi. Bayan daya zuwa makonni biyu a tsakiyar rabo daga tubercle bayyana matattu nama - necrosis. Wannan wuri yana da baki launi. Ba da da ewa shi ya jũya a cikin wani miki. Daga cikin rauni cibiyar tsaye rawaya-ja ruwa - ruɓaɓɓen jini.

Kusa da primary ulcers fara bayyana sakandare bumps. Shan nau'i na rauni, da suka ƙarshe ci. kafa ta daya babban miki a kan fata surface.

Regional Lymph nodes iya kara wani haƙuri da ganewar asali "leishmaniasis". Cutaneous leishmaniasis ne halin da wani mĩki warkewa ga 2-6 watanni. Duk da haka, da scars zama a wuri ulcers.

Saboda haka, babban bayyanar cututtuka na cutaneous pathologies ne:

• abin da ya faru na hillocks - leishmania.
• Halakar fata a shafin na tubercle.
• magana na.
• rauni warkar da kuma tabo samuwar.

Symptomatology mucocutaneous fom

Wannan irin cuta leishmaniasis a bayyananen ba ya bambanta daga fata cututtuka. Iyakar abin da bambanci shi ne rarraba Pathology m mucous membranes.

Yana kira wannan nau'i na m samu a cikin New World. Fata da kuma mucous membrane Pathology da farko yayi kama wata dabba cizo. Daga bisani, marasa lafiya suna amfani mucous. Wani lokaci da cutar deforms fuskar.

Tare da wannan cuta da wadannan siffofin suna kara da cewa sama da bayyanar cututtuka na cutaneous leishmaniasis:

• runny hanci.
• hanci cunkoso .
• wahala hadiya.
• nosebleeds.
• erosions da ulcers a bakin (lebe, gumis, harshe);
• ulcers a hanci kogo.

Doctors rarrabe iri biyu rikitarwa da wannan tsari. Idan a haɗe zuwa rashin lafiya sakandare kamuwa da cuta, da mãsu haƙuri iya ci gaba da ciwon huhu. Wannan alkawari na numfashi yiwu m.

ganewar asali da cuta

A waɗannan ƙasashe inda cutar ne tartsatsi, marasa lafiya da suke shige da na asibiti cututtuka da kuma sakamakon da ƙididdiga, shi aka zaci gaban leishmaniasis.

Sauran marasa lafiya da ake bukata domin tabbatacce ganewar asali da za su gudanar da wani binciken na nama a karkashin wani madubin gane parasites, ko jini gwaje-gwaje da cewa gano antibodies. Da aka sani a da kiwon lafiya fata gwajin, da ake kira da gwajin "black fata". Irin wannan binciken ne ba cikakke, don haka ne kusan ba amfani ga ganewar asali na cutar.

Kada mu manta cewa da yawa cututtuka zai iya sa nauyi asara, zazzabi, karuwa a gabobin, fata rauni. Mai cututtuka zai iya mimic da bayyanar cututtuka na leishmaniasis. Yana typhoid zazzabi, zazzabin cizon sauro, Chagas 'cuta, toxoplasmosis, da tarin fuka, syphilis, histoplasmosis. Saboda haka, wani tabbatacce ganewar asali ne zai yiwu ne kawai ta hanyar kawar da sauran Pathology.

Idan ka zargin wani ganewar asali cutaneous leishmaniasis fara da cikakken tarin ANNOBA tarihi. Sai dai itace gaskiyar na zaman na haƙuri a yankin da aka sani da cutar annobar cutar.

Gwada tabbatar da ganewar asali ne da za'ayi kamar haka:

• nunawa abu dauka daga hillocks da kuma ulcers.
• jini analysis (Romanovsky-Giemsa).
• bargo huda.
• hanta biopsy, Lymph nodes, saifa.
• nazarin halittu samfurin.
• serological gwaje-gwaje (Elisha, RSK).

kwantar da hankali

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, maganin rigakafi m da magani daga cuta. Suna sanya kawai a daya harka - idan wani kwayan kamuwa da cuta daga leishmaniasis shiga. Domin da daban-daban siffofin da cutar dace da hanyoyin da tafiyad da rashin lafiya. Idan wani haƙuri ne suka kamu da cutaneous leishmaniasis, magani dogara ne a kan yin amfani da gida magunguna. Visceral nau'i na bukatar jerin injections.

Cuta ne m, musamman magani ne kusan ba da ake bukata. Irin wannan cuta bayan wani lokaci ya wuce da kansa. A wannan m sakamakon, ba ya barin.

Idan wani haƙuri yana da wani low matakin na rigakafi, shi dole sanya warkewa magani. Tun da cutar faruwa shi ne quite wuya. Rashin zama dole likita matakan ne fraught tare da tsanani sakamakon ga mãsu haƙuri, kuma wani lokacin m.

Rashin lafiya da ke faruwa a mai tsanani form, ya shafi tiyata. A lokacin aiki, da mãsu haƙuri ne cire baƙin ciki.

Jiyya na fata cututtuka

yaki hanyoyin dogara ne a kan tsari da kuma mataki na kwarara daga irin Pathology kamar yadda leishmaniasis. Jiyya na iya unsa da wadannan hanyoyin:

• miyagun ƙwayoyi far.
• m dabara.
• physiotherapy.
• jiyyar cutar sankara.

M Hanyar da aka yi amfani da, idan akwai daya kananan rauni a kan fata surface. Wannan miki excised surgically.

Domin warkewa dalilai, za a iya amfani da wadannan jiki far dabaru:

• kashewa Pathology Laser.
• cryosurgery - wani wuri halakãsu da shan kashi na sanyi.
• buga magani - electrocoagulation.

M hanyoyin kwantar da hankali hade da magani antibacterial da anti-mai kumburi mataki.

Drug magani dogara ne a kan wadannan kwayoyi:

1. "Metronidazole". A lura shi ne yawanci game da kwanaki 10. Da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne riƙi sau uku a rana perinatally. A guda kashi - 250 MG.
2. Pentavalent antimony kwayoyi. Sau da yawa shi ne kwayoyi, "Solyusurmin", "Glyukontim". Suna nada tare da ineffectiveness da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Metronidazole", amfani da kwanaki 2-3. Wadannan kwayoyi suna gudanar a gida da kuma intramuscularly. The shawarar kashi - 400-600 MG na miyagun ƙwayoyi da rana.
3. "Pentamidine." Wannan kayan aiki ne da miyagun ƙwayoyi na zabi. An yi amfani da sau biyu a mako domin 2-4 MG / kg.
4. Local antiseptic, disinfectant maganin shafawa. Sun sa mai da shafi yankunan. Tasiri a cikin irin Pathology "Monomitsinovaya", "Gramitsidinovaya", "Rivanolovaya" (1%), "Akrihinovaya" (1%) maganin shafawa.
5. "Furatsillina". Shawarar lotions wannan bayani.

Drug magani ne sau da yawa da za'ayi takamaiman darussa. Tsakanin su shakka bayar da shawarar shan hutu zaunanniya game da 2-3 makonni. Dosages ba sama - da Averages. A lokacin jiyya da matsayin ake zaba domin kowane haƙuri akayi daban-daban.

A farko, saukarwa da cutar antiprotozoal jamiái ( "Solyusurmin", "Glyukontim") da aka shigar da kai tsaye zuwa cikin rauni. Irin wannan allura aka advantageously da za'ayi game da 3-5 days.

Jiyya na visceral fom

A wannan nau'i na Pathology bukatar magani 3 kungiyoyin:

1. Wajen pentavalent antimony. Sau da yawa a cikin far hada da "Solyusurmin", "Pentostam", "Neostibazan", "Glyukantim". Kwayoyi suna gudanar intramuscularly ko intravenously. A sashi na wadannan magunguna dogara da shekaru. Matsakaicin Hakika kunshi 20 injections.
2. Aromatic diamidino. Wannan magani "Pentamidine", "Stilbamidin". Irin wannan hanyar an sanya a sama da aka ambata kwayoyi m magani pentavalent antimony. A haƙuri za bukatar wuce 3 darussa. Tsakanin wanda akwai wani hutu na kwanaki 10.
3. "Amphotericin B". Game da wannan magani shi ne, idan duk da kwayoyi da aka ambata a sama ba su samar da ake so warkewa sakamako. Duration na far iya zama game 8 makonni.

A lura iya sun hada da:

• Antibacterial kwayoyi: "methacycline", "Rifampicin".
• antifungal jamiái, "Ketoconazole".
• antimicrobial kwayoyi, "furazolidone".

ethnoscience

Iya zama tasiri dabaru amfani da na gargajiya healers don kawar da cutar. Just to tuna cewa irin wannan hanyoyin iya ba maye gurbin far wajabta ta likita idan rashin lafiya "cutaneous leishmaniasis". Jiyya na jama'a magunguna kamata aiki a matsayin ƙarin hanyoyin magance cutar.

Lokacin da cutaneous nau'i na cutar da ake shawarar:

1. A amfani da tonics. Yana da amfani don yin tincture na Aralia, kasar Sin Magnolia itacen inabi, ginseng, Eleutherococcus, lewisia. Su daidai ƙarfafa defenses na dukan kwayoyin, taimaka wa sauran kyautata. A bu mai kyau don amfani da wani daga cikin magunguna sau biyu a rana ga 30 saukad.
2. Fresh juices. Shi ne musamman da taimako ga marasa lafiya zuwa cinye drinks daga karas, dankali, kabeji.
3. Decoctions, infusions sanya daga hatsi. Na ganye teas currant ganye, rosehip berries, honeysuckle.
4. Compresses a kan bumps. Wannan hanya da aka yi amfani da kawai a lokacin da marurai da aka saukar ba. Domin compresses yin amfani da mayar da hankali broths tansy furanni, Willow haushi.
5. Oleoresin Pine itace - spruce, fir, Pine. A cikin irin katsin da ya kamata a sa a kan ya shafa yankin da kuma amince da bandeji.

Amfani da wadannan hanyoyi, a tabbatar shawarci tare da likita. Wasu kayayyakin aiki, hada da contraindications kuma maimakon waraka iya kawo m sakamakon.

Rigakafin rashin lafiya

Ainihin matakan hana cutar ne don kawar da kafofin kamuwa da cuta - hakori da sauro - a cikin yankunan da su haifuwa.

The iri na wurare da sanaki hakori, samar a cikin radius na kilomita 15 daga kauyen a cikin abin da rigakafin. Wannan nesa yayi dace da nesa sauro tafiya.

Don hana yaduwar cutar fatar jiki, dole ne ka hana kiwo na rashin gida dabbobi. Dabbobi ya kamata ko da yaushe a gwada wa kamuwa da cuta.

Tsari rigakafin matakan sun hada da:

1. Beautification na zama yankunan. Wajibi ne a kawar da kiwo filaye na sauro da kuma berayen.
2. An shawarar da ya kawar da zuba.
3. Kauce wa ambaliyar ruwa basements.
4. Dace gyara duk ducts.
5. A kai a kai kamata a da za'ayi m disinfestation kuma na zama basements.

Kare gida daga sauro da damar m gidan sauro. Bugu da kari, shi ne shawarar yin amfani da repellents. Irin wannan sauki dabaru zai hana leishmaniasis cuta.

Rigakafin ta ziyartar wuraren da suke da hadarin gaske, bisa ga takamaiman rigakafi far. Abin baƙin ciki, to date na yanzu maganin bai da aka ɓullo da cutar.

ƙarshe

A mafi yawan lokuta da hangen nesa ne m cuta. Idan muka magana game da cutaneous leishmaniasis, shi ne da wuya m. Ko da yake sau da yawa ya bar baya da wani disfiguring scars. A rashin dace magani daga visceral nau'i ne kusan ko da yaushe m saboda tsananin ciwon tamowa, ko kuma sashin jiki gazawar. Wannan za a iya kauce masa, amma kawai wani dace farkon gwagwarmaya tare da m Pathology karkashin kulawa na wani m likita.