Kayan na'urorin kwamfuta

Mene ne nau'in kayan kwamfuta? Akwai manyan kamfanoni guda biyu da aka yi amfani da su a cikin masana'antun kwamfuta: nau'i biyu (2D) da uku (3D). 2D graphics, bi da bi, an raba su cikin siffofin vector da bitmap. Bari mu yi kokarin gano abin da wadannan nau'ikan kwamfuta masu nau'in kwamfuta suka bambanta da juna.

Raster graphics

Bari mu fara tare da tsari na raster. A ãdalci ya kamata a lura da cewa CG tushe kwantar da shi bitmaps. Wannan hanyar samar da hoton ta amfani da grid pixel, inda kowane ɓangaren yana da saitin sigogi (haske, lambar launi, nuna gaskiya) yana da amfani mai mahimmanci, kazalika da ci gaba da waɗannan ƙananan, ba ƙananan rashin amfani ba.

Saurin ka'idodin tsarin grid yana nuna cewa ba zai iya yiwuwa ba don ƙarawa ko rage girman hoto. Idan an rage shi sosai, cikakkun bayanai za su yi hasara, idan ƙarawa, ƙananan pixelization zai bayyana. Kuna so ku duba? Download daga Internet wani image da zuža shi zuwa iyakar darajar da cewa za su samar maka da tace. Idan kun bude shi a cikin Paint na al'ada - to akwai iyakar kimanin kimanin 800%, kawai abin da kuke bukata.

Abin sha'awa shine, babban hasara na "raster" ya zama ainihin mahimmanci, siffar raster baya buƙatar ƙidayar kowane lokaci. Ya isa ya saka shi a cikin kwamfutarka sau ɗaya, sannan a ajiye shi a can ba canzawa ba, wanda ba za a iya faɗi game da zane-zane na vector ba, wanda zamu iya fahimta a ɓangare na biyu na wannan labarin.

Aiwatar bitmap graphics an ko'ina: a cikin bugu masana'antu, a kan talabijin, a video wasanni da cinema, da kyau, da kuma, ba shakka, da Internet.

Vector Graphics

Halittar na'ura ta kwamfuta tare da taimakon kayan aiki na kayan aiki na kayan aiki yana ba wa mai zane damar dama. Hotunan za a iya karawa kuma suna juyawa ba tare da iyakoki ba, ba tare da wani ɓangare ko deterioration a cikin ingancin sakamakon aikin ba. Amma irin waɗannan alamomi suna samuwa ne a wata tsada mai girma. A duk lokacin da aka canza hoton, an sake dawo da shi, don haka tare da babban adadin nau'ikan kayan ƙananan kayan shafa akan allon, ana iya buƙatar adadin ikon sarrafawa don sakewa.

Saboda ƙayyadaddun takardunsa, ana amfani da kayan shafuka na musamman don ci gaba da alamu, a cikin rubutun kalmomi, lokacin da zane zane-zane na zane-zane don aikace-aikace, a cikin talla, a zayyanawa, da dai sauransu.

Girman hoto uku.

Game da waɗannan nau'ikan kwamfuta masu fasaha kamar raster da vector, za ka iya magana ba tare da ƙare ba, amma akwai wata alama mai ban sha'awa - nau'i-nau'i uku.

Idan a baya, nau'i-nau'i biyu, duk wani nau'i na hoton ya bayyana ne kawai ta hanyar daidaituwa guda biyu, sa'an nan kuma a cikin matakan 3D ana buƙatar don bayyana matsayin kowane aya. Saboda haka, don yin kwallin daga wani shinge wanda aka ɗora a kan takarda, sai kawai ƙarin ƙarin yana buƙatar ƙarawa zuwa sassanta na yanzu.

Idan ka ga shahararrun fim "Avatar", to, za ka so ka san cewa an halicce shi ne a kan kwamfutar tare da yin amfani da siffofi uku. Kuma kusan dukkanin bayyana a kan fuska na wasanni na PC da consoles suna kama da haka a cikin editocin nau'i uku. 3D graphics yana buƙatar ikon sarrafawa mai mahimmanci don lissafin sigogi na hoton da aka nuna, don haka ba ya daina ma don bincika minti daya don samun dama don inganta da kuma sauke aikin tare da wannan tsari. Amma, da rashin alheri, hanyar bunkasa ci gaba tana ci gaba da zama mai zurfi. Ƙarfin katunan katunan don sarrafawa haɓaka yana ƙaruwa, ƙananan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da na'urorin sarrafawa suna karuwa.

Kammalawa

Ana amfani da kowane nau'ikan kwamfuta na kwamfuta a ko'ina. Sabili da haka nazarin wannan sashin aikin ɗan adam yana da amfani sosai kuma mai ban sha'awa.