Kare Cruisers "Svetlana": tarihin, photos

Rasha na mallaka Navy cinye teku sarari na dogon lokaci. Ya jiragen ruwa bayyana kansu a cikin yaƙi a matsayin jarumi da kuma karfi "maza." A rabo daga kowane jirgin ruwa na soja, hallakarwa, jirgin ruwa na soja ne gaba daya daban-daban. Wasu bauta shekaru da yawa, wasu da aka qaddara domin ya kasance a kan takarda. A jirgin ruwa na soja "Svetlana" type ba a cika gane. Abin da za a iya ce game da kare Cruisers na 1st daraja.

A farko "Svetlana"

A farko jirgin na wannan sunan ya bayyana a cikin 1896. Yana da aka kare Cruisers, wanda aka gina a kan Faransa gona. Da farko ta babban aiki ya zuwa goyi bayan na sarki yacht Alexei Alexandrovich. Game da manufar yãƙi, babu wanda zai iya ce.

Kafin zayyana lokaci mai tsawo ba zai iya sanin ko jirgin manufa. Abin da ya kamata ya zama "Svetlana": kare Cruisers ko nauyi jirgin ruwa na soja? Abin da shi da nawa, makamai da kuma littafi? Duk wadannan tunani dade har 1894.

a cikin hanyar

zayyana wani sabon "warrior" ya fara wannan lokacin rani. Per wurin zama daga cikin jirgin ruwa na soja suka yi yaƙi da yawa nema. Wannan Franco-Russian factory, wasu kamfanoni masu yawa daga Birtaniya, Jamus da Faransa. Daga cikin da yawa zaɓuɓɓuka saboda guda bakwai da shi da aka soma bada shawarwari cewa mafi yawan bangare, su ne na zamani da daya daga cikin Cruisers Ingila.

A na gaba mataki kunshi wani zaɓi na data kasance bada shawarwari. A karshe, ya zabi ya sanya a cikin ni'imar da kamfanoni daga Faransa. The aikin tunatar da daya daga Faransa Cruisers Friant. Bayan da jirgin kuwa suka bi ta paperwork, ya iya kawai ba wani sunan. "Svetlana", wani jirgin ruwa na soja, 1896, ya samu da sunan da godiya ga Nicholas II na, a shekarar 1985.

Tare da takarda a kan na'ura

Riga a karshen 1895 da jirgin ruwa na soja "Svetlana" da aka kafa a hukumance. Daban-daban sunadaran, tare da gidaje gina a cikin Le Havre, boilers kuma Ya halitta a cikin Belleville. A aikin da ya faru don haka da sauri da cewa a cikin kasa da shekara guda baya da jirgin ruwa na soja a cikin ruwa. A shekara aka yanke shawarar gudanar da gwaje-gwaje.

Babu shakka, babban alkali ya zama abokin ciniki Alexei Alexandrovich, wanda tuni a 1897, ya shiga "iyo mota". A mataki na gaba da aka bi da wani daban-daban irin yaƙi-gwada mana da manyan bindigogi, da kuma a karshe, a 1898, "Svetlana" za ta iya zuwa aiki, da kuma Grand Duke ya dauki shi flawlessly.

Bayyanar - ba babban abu?

Ya kamata a lura cewa bayyanar jirgin ruwa na soja da aka ba bã tãre da fasali na Faransa jiragen ruwa. A bene ya dan kadan aras a baka, da kuma taso keya rago ci gaba, da kuma suna karkata ga tsananin tube da mast.

Ganin cewa "Svetlana" an kare Cruisers, shi Ba a hana high booking rates. A bene na da kauri 25 mm, shi slants kasance mafi - 25 da kuma 50 millimeters. Conning hasumiya tam kare sulke ganuwar na 100 mm da kuma rufin 25 mm. Igwa kuma kare 25mm garkuwoyi.

Features

Bisa ga aikin, kawai 270 mutane na iya shige "Svetlana". Santa Fe, labarin halitta abin da ba a bambanta da wani abu lura, a cikin gwaje-gwaje ya nuna cewa shi zai iya tara a kan jirgin 400. Ko da yake wannan bai isa. A cewar shugaban na sojan ruwa Staff, fama ƙungiya da samun wani 73 matuƙan.

Tare da gudun da kuma akwai wasu rashin daidaito. By farko ra'ayin, ɓullo jirgin ruwa na soja gudun fiye da 20 kullin. A wannan da aka nuna da kuma gwaji. Amma sai da jirgin da aka ba da cikakken ɗora Kwatancen, don haka ba za ka iya la'akari da wannan adadi ba daidai ba. Wannan, sãɓã wa jũnamai ne daga baya aka saukar da wani gwajin a cikinsa "Svetlana" outfitted kai-a. Duk da cewa ikon Figures ya karu zuwa kusan 9900 horsepower, "iyo mota" tsiwirwirinsu kawai 19 kullin.

Wani alama ne da ake kira "cikawa". Santa Fe "Svetlana" aka sanye take da wani raba marmari Apartments, wanda sun kasance kage shirya Prince Alexei. Akwai wata mashiga zauren, liyafar falo, ofishin sarari, da gida mai dakuna da sauran dakuna. Location Dynamos kamata kuma motsa daga wurin natsuwa, hanci dandali don rage amo matakin.

Ba a sabis kuma a sõyayya

A farkon da aiki na jirgin ya da wani irin farfado da cewa janyo hankalin da hankali. Ya plied ruwan Turai, ziyarci Portugal, Kronstadt. A karshen karni na tafi da bude daga cikin harbor na St. Catherine. Har 1903 ya yi aiki a matsayin sirri jirgin ruwa mai filafili na Prince Alexei.

A farkon shekara ta 1904 aka yanke shawarar zuwa yi wa jirgin ruwa na soja zuwa sabis a cikin Pacific rundujar soja masu dawaki. Karuwan ƙungiya da kuma aika zuwa ga Suez canal. "Svetlana" ya a kula ragae bincike detachment zuwa 18 kullin. Shooting da kawai ilimi a yanayi.

m yaki

Last yaƙi "Svetlana" ya yaƙi May 15. Kafin wannan, da jirgin ruwa na soja halarci yakin, wanda aka buga da kuma zira kwallaye 350 ton na ruwa. Hanci da ta ke a karkashin ruwa domin kusan rabin mita. Haka kuma, da kudi ya ragu zuwa 15 kullin. The jirgin zauna kada a gane shi na dogon lokaci. Shi ne bayan da "Aurora" da "Oleg", amma da dare ya sami hallakarwa "Quick" da kuma rakiyar on.

A biyar da safe da kyaftin gan Dazhelet tsibirin kuma so su kusanci da shi domin warware matsalar, tsotso fitar da ruwa da kuma kawo cikin jirgi domin. Da zarar hatsarin ya shige ta "Svetlana", amma daga baya jirgin da aka hange biyu Japan Cruisers da kuma hallaka. Sa'ad da shugabannin yaƙi suka gane cewa da irin wannan low kudi ba su bar, mun yanke shawarar kai da yaki, kuma a cikin akwati na halaka nutse cikin jirgin.

Hakika, idan irin wannan diyya da uku "Svetlana" bai iya tsira. Kamar yadda a farkon cikin sa'o'i 11 na rana jirgin ruwa na soja kwance a gefen hagu, da kuma fara nutse a kasa. Japan jirãge bar bronepalubnogo mutu a cikin tẽku, alhãli kuwa sũ kansu garzaya ga "m" da kuma sauran "wadanda". Tsira shugabanni da matuƙan tsĩrar da jirgin ruwa na soja "America Maru".

New "Svetlana"

yanke shawara a kan kafa "Svetlana" haske jirgin ruwa na soja da irin da aka soma a 1907. Wannan mataki da aka sa ta kasawa a cikin Rasha-Japanese yaki. By da farko Duniya ba su sarrafa gama a nan gaba juyin juya halin stalled aiki a kan jerin Cruisers.

A sakamakon haka, duk na yi cikinsa da tsare-tsaren da aka aiwatar jirgin ruwa na soja "Svetlana" a 1913. Yana da aka saukar a cikin ruwa a kamar wata shekaru, amma a wani yaki da ya aka ƙaddara fara kawai a 1928. The haske jirgin ruwa na soja "Svetlana" shi ne daga baya sake masa suna na farko a cikin "Profintern", daga baya "Red Crimea". A karkashin sunan karshe ya na da hannu a yakin duniya na II.

"Admiral Butakov" daga wannan jerin aka kaddamar a 1916, amma ya aka taba ƙaddara ta zo a cikin aiki. Sauran biyu jirgin ruwa na soja "Admiral Greig" da "Admiral Spiridonov" a 1926 da aka gina a cikin motocin dakon. A farko nutse a Tuapse saboda hadari da kuma na biyu ya mutu yãƙi a cikin Azov Sea a cikin lokaci na Great Patriotic War.