Jini cuta: jerin mafi hatsari

Jini cuta ne m, tartsatsi, mafi wuya na su duk suna m, kuma m. Me ya sa pathologies hõre irin wannan muhimmanci tsarin na jiki, kamar yadda jini? A dalilai ne daban, wani lokacin ba ma ya dogara ne a kan mutum da kuma bi shi tare da haihuwa.

hematopathy

Jini cuta suna da yawa kuma bambancin a asalin. Suna hade da Pathology na tsarin jini Kwayoyin ko a take hakkin su ayyuka. Har ila yau, wasu cututtuka shafi jini - ruwa rabo, wanda ya ƙunshi Kwayoyin. Cututtuka na jini, da jerin dalilan da su aukuwa ake scrutinized da likitoci da masana kimiyya, wasu sun ba gudanar ya gano ya zuwa yanzu.

Jini Kwayoyin - ja da maikacin jini, da farin jini Kwayoyin da platelets. Red jini Kwayoyin - ja jini Kwayoyin - kawo oxygen zuwa tsokoki na ciki gabobin. Leukocytes - farin jini Kwayoyin - yaki cututtuka da kuma kasashen waje abubuwa shigar da jiki. Platelets - colorless Kwayoyin alhakin clotting. Jini - gina jiki, da danko sosai ruwa, wanda ya ƙunshi jini Kwayoyin. Saboda da gagarumin aikin jijiyoyi, cututtuka na jini ga mafi part m da kuma ko da wuya in warkar.

Nau'in Cututtuka na jijiyoyi

cututtuka na jini, wanda shi ne babban isa jerin za a iya raba kungiyoyin bisa ga rarraba yankin:

• Anemia. Yanayin pathologically low haemoglobin matakan (wannan bangaren erythrocyte daukawa oxygen).
• Hemorrhagic diathesis - zub da jini cuta.
• Hematological malignancies (Oncology dangantawa da raunuka na da maikacin jini, Lymph nodes ko bargo).
• Sauran cututtuka da cewa ba su da alaka da uku a sama.

Wannan rarrabuwa ne general, shi da hannun jari da cutar kan abin da Kwayoyin jẽranta pathological tafiyar matakai. Kowace kungiya ƙunshi mutane da yawa jini cututtuka, da jerin kunshe a cikin International Nau'in Cututtuka.

A jerin cututtuka da shafi jini

Idan ka lissafa duk cututtuka na jini, da jerin shi ne babbar. Suka sãɓã wa jũna a cikin dalilan da ta bayyana, a cikin jiki, da ƙayyadaddu na cell lalacewa, cututtuka da kuma wasu dalilai. Anemia - ya fi na kowa Pathology cewa rinjayar da ja jini Kwayoyin. Ãyõyin anemia - rage yawan ja jini Kwayoyin da haemoglobin. Dalilin wannan za a iya rage su samar da ko da wani babban jini hasãra. Hemoblastosis - mafi wannan rukuni na cututtuka zauna cutar sankarar bargo, ko kuma cutar sankarar bargo - ciwon daji na jini. A kan aiwatar da cutar jini Kwayoyin suna canza kama zuwa m samuwar. A sabili da cutar ne har yanzu ba a bayyana. Lymphoma - Cancer a matsayin wata cuta, pathological tafiyar matakai dauki wuri a cikin lymphatic tsarin, zama cancerous farin jini Kwayoyin.

Myeloma - ciwon daji na jini a cikin abin da jini yana fama. Hemorrhagic syndromes da cutar dangantaka da matsalar clotting. Amma, su ne m, kamar hemophilia. Bayyana ta zub da jini a cikin gidajen abinci, tsokoki da kuma kayan ciki. Agammaglobulinemia - hereditary rashi na magani jini sunadaran. Emit da ake kira tsari cututtuka na jini, da jerin hada da cututtuka da shafi raba jiki da tsarin (rigakafi, lymphatic) ko kuma na dukan jiki.

anemia

La'akari da dangantaka da Pathology na cututtuka na jini erythrocytes (jerin). Siffofin da ya fi na kowa:

• Thalassemia - wani take hakkin da kudi na haemoglobin.
• Autoimmune hemolytic anemia - ne ya sa ta a kwayar cutar, syphilis. Drug nonautoimmune hemolytic anemia - saboda barasa mai guba, guba macizai, mai guba abubuwa.
• Iron karanci anemia - ya auku a lokacin da wani rashin baƙin ƙarfe a cikin jiki, ko na kullum jini hasãra.
• B12-karanci anemia. A dalilin - wani rashin bitamin B12 saboda kasa da ake ci ci ko take hakkin ya assimilation. A sakamakon - a take hakkin da tsakiya m tsarin da kuma gastrointestinal fili.
• Folievodefitsitnoy anemia - auku saboda folate rashi.
• Lauje-cell anemia - ja jini Kwayoyin suna dimbin yawa kamar lauje, wanda shi ne mai tsanani hereditary cuta. Result - inda hakan jini ya kwarara, jaundice.
• Idiopathic aplastic anemia - da rashin nama, masu haifuwa jini Kwayoyin. Yiwu a lokacin sakawa a iska mai guba.
• Family polycythemia - wani hereditary cuta halin da karuwa a yawan ja jini Kwayoyin.

Cututtuka Cutar sankarar bargo Group

Wannan shi ne yafi oncological cututtuka na jini, da jerin da ya fi na kowa hada leukemias jinsunan. A karshen, bi da bi, ya kasu kashi biyu iri - m (a manyan yawan ciwon daji Kwayoyin, da ayyuka ba yi) da kuma na kullum (m jini Kwayoyin ayyuka ake yi).

M myeloid cutar sankarar bargo - wani take hakkin a cikin rabo na bargo Kwayoyin, su maturation. Dangane da yanayin da cuta, da wadannan iri m cutar sankarar bargo:

• ba tare da maturation.
• maturation;
• promyelocytic.
• myeloblastic.
• monoblastny.
• erythroblast.
• megacaryoblastic.
• lymphoblastic T-cell.
• lymphoblastic B-cell.
• panmieloleykoz.

Kullum siffofin cutar sankarar bargo:

• myelogenous cutar sankarar bargo.
• erythromyelosis.
• monocytic cutar sankarar bargo.
• megakaryocytic cutar sankarar bargo.

An ɗauke shi zuwa lissafi da muka ambata a sama na kullum nau'i na cutar.

Cuta Letterer-Ziba - germination na rigakafi da tsarin Kwayoyin a daban-daban gabobin, asalin da cuta ne ba a sani ba.

Myelodysplastic ciwo - wani rukuni na cututtuka da shafi cikin bargo, wanda sun hada da, misali, subleukemic myelosis.

hemorrhagic syndromes

• Watsa intravascular coagulation (DIC) - samu cutar halin da ya karu jini clotting da thrombus samuwar.
• Hemorrhagic cuta da jariri - wani nakasar rashin clotting factor saboda rashi na bitamin K.
• Rashi na clotting dalilai - abubuwa da ake samu a cikin jini jini, mafi yawa da suka hada da sunadaran da cewa samar da jini clotting. Ware 13-daban.
• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (thrombocytopenic purpura cuta). Halin da batawa da fata saboda ciki zub da jini. Dangantawa da low jini platelets.

Kayar da duk jini Kwayoyin

• Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Rare cuta daga kwayoyin hali. Saboda halakar da maikacin jini da lymphocytes da kuma macrophages. Pathological aiwatar faruwa a daban-daban gabobin da kyallen takarda, a sakamakon shafa fata, huhu, hanta, saifa, kwakwalwa.
• Hemophagocytic ciwo lalacewa ta hanyar kamuwa da cuta.
• Cytostatic cuta. Bayyana ta cell mutuwa, abin da suke a kan aiwatar da division.
• Aplastic anemia - wani karu a yawan duk jini Kwayoyin. Nasaba da mutuwa na sel a cikin bargo.

cututtuka

Hanyar jini cuta na iya zama cututtuka shigar da jiki. Mene ne cututtuka na jini? List of fi na kowa:

• Zazzabin cizon sauro. Kamuwa faruwa a lokacin da sauro ciji. A iya shiga jiki a kananan kwayoyin shafi erythrocytes, wanda a sakamakon hallaka, game da shi, haddasa lalacewar kayan ciki, da zazzaɓi, jin sanyi. Yawanci samu a cikin tropics.
• Sepsis - wani lokaci amfani da su koma zuwa ga pathological tafiyar matakai a cikin jini ya sa ta shigar azzakari cikin farji daga kwayoyin cuta a cikin jini a cikin manyan yawa. Sepsis ne sakamakon yawa cututtuka - mai ciwon sukari, kullum cututtuka, cututtuka na ciki gabobin, raunin da raunuka. A mafi kyau tsaro a kan sepsis - kyau rigakafi.

cututtuka

Hankula bayyanar cututtuka na jini cuta - gajiya, shortness na numfashi, juwa ko jiri, rage ci, tachycardia. Lokacin da anemia saboda zubar jini faruwa dizziness, mai tsanani rauni, tashin zuciya, aka rufe da mãgãgi. Idan muka magana game da cututtuka na jini, da jerin cututtuka ne kamar haka: zazzabi, jin sanyi, itching, asarar ci. Tare da dadewa ba shakka da cutar lura nauyi asara. lokuta da ake karkatar da dandano da kanshi wani lokacin samu, kamar yadda a cikin B12-karanci anemia, misali. Akwai sha raɗaɗin a ƙasũsuwa alhãli guga man (ga cutar sankarar bargo), kara girman Lymph nodes, zafi a dama ko hagu hypochondrium (hanta da saifa). A wasu lokuta, a na gaggawa a kan fata, zub da jini daga hanci. A farkon matakai na jini cuta iya samun wani bayyanar cututtuka.

magani

jini cututtuka ci gaba sosai cikin sauri, don haka magani ya kamata a fara nan da nan bayan ganewar asali. Kowane cuta na da takamaiman halaye, don haka da aka ba da jiyya a kowane hali nasu. Jiyya na cututtuka na oncological yanayi, kamar sankarar bargo, bisa jiyyar cutar sankara. Sauran jiyya - jini, da rage a yawan guba. A lura da ciwon daji ta yin amfani da jini dasawa na kara Kwayoyin samu daga bargo ko jini. Wannan sabon hanyar tafiyad da cuta taimaka wajen mayar da rigakafi da kuma tsarin, idan ba su rinjãyi rashin lafiya, ko a kalla mika rayuwar da mãsu haƙuri. Idan gwaje-gwaje ba ka damar sanin haƙuri da jini wanda cututtuka, da kuma hanyoyin jerin nufin da farko a kawar da pathogen. Ga zo da taimakon maganin rigakafi.

dalilai

Da yawa jini cututtuka, da jerin ne manyan. Su haddasawa ne daban-daban. Alal misali, cututtuka dangantaka da matsalar da jini clotting, yawanci hereditary. Suna kamu a matasa da yara. All cututtuka na jini, da jerin wanda ya hada da zazzabin cizon sauro, syphilis kuma sauran cututtuka daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar kamuwa da kafofin watsa labarai. Wannan na iya zama wani kwari ko wani mutum, jima'i da abokin tarayya. Oncological cututtuka kamar cutar sankarar bargo, suna da ba a sani ba etiology. Hanyar jini cututtuka iya zama radiation, rediyoaktif ko mai guba guba. Anemia iya faruwa saboda matalauta abinci mai gina jiki, wanda ba ya samar da zama dole abubuwa da kuma bitamin jiki.