Inertial reference tsarin

Tare da farko data ga wani motsi jiki iya lissafi da darajar da hanzari, gudun, wuri (tsarawa), da sauransu. Duk wadannan lissafin ake yi a cikin tsarin na kinematics. Duk da haka, wannan reshe na kimiyya karatu da matakai da kansu suke ba tasowa daga inji motsi. Amsa tambayoyi game da halaye na motsi, saboda da hanzari bugun jini muhimmancin iya.

Dauki daya wasan kwalaye ciki da shi da kuma fara matsawa a daya shugabanci tare da cin abinci tare da wannan gudun. Abin da ya faru ga wasan? Yana ginu ne ko motsa? A duk ya dogara a kan abin da irin firam na reference, za mu zabi babban daya. Tare da girmamawa ga akwatin wasan ne a sauran, amma idan ka dubi abin da ke faruwa a kan wani ɓangare na (misali, wannan tebur), shi ne ya koma. A duka a lokuta biyu cewa gudun da ashana ne m. Don canza shi kana bukatar ka yi a kan kwalaye da kuma daidaita waje tasiri, misali, tura kashe tebur. Wannan shi ne abin da halin da inertial reference tsarin. Bari mu ɗauka cewa muna a cikin akwatin da yake gaba da wasan. Tun da waje mataki ne ba a bayyane yake, lokacin da fall ku yi zaton cewa wasan kanta da aka saita a tashin ta hanyar samun cikin hanzari bugun jini. Amma idan muka dubi abin da ke faruwa, su ne a kan tebur, shi yayi daidai da hali ne sauƙi bayyana ta da canji a cikin gudun akwatin. A gaskiya, mun bayyana inertial da kuma wadanda ba inertial reference Frames. Domin na farko halayyar da mataki na waje sojojin, kuma domin da biyu sakamakon hanzari na waje sojojin ba za a iya bayyana. A cikin wannan misali, da inertial reference tsarin dangantaka da surface na tebur da kuma wani abu ne a akwatin, kamar yadda yake a fili na waje tasiri a kan abu a karkashin binciken. Matsala kangon sha'awar irin wannan shahararren malaman tsufa, kamar yadda Galileo da Aristotle. Kawai a cikin 17th karni, Isaac Newton a kan tushen da aikinsu ya tsara na farko mulki na inertia, fi sani da Newton ta farko doka.

Ya furta cewa, kasancewar m reference tsarin, a cikin abin da a kan wani jiki ne waje daukan hotuna na wasu jikinsu, da kuma motsi gudun bai sauya ba meaningfully audio, audio na fuskantarwa. Idan sakamakon wani 'yan, amma suna daidaita, shi aiki da wannan dokoki amfani inertial reference tsarin (ISO). Idan muka yi la'akari da wani tunani tsarin dangi zuwa juna, a akai gudun naúra da kuma darajar, shi za a iya bayar da hujjar cewa a cikin yanayi akwai wata babbar lamba na ISO. Saboda haka, inertial reference tsarin ne duk kewaye da mu.

Yana da sauƙin fahimtar Newton ta farko dokar, idan saba da binciken na magabata - Aristotle da Galileo.

Aristotle jãyayya da cewa idan da jiki ba ya bayyana wa da wani ɓangare na uku da tasiri, da na halitta jihar shi - zaman lafiya. A cikin hali na wani hijirar na jiki tare da akai gudun waje karfi dole ba.

Galileo kara wadannan binciken: babu waje tasiri ba ya nufin cewa jiki ba zai iya motsa smoothly kuma ba tare da canza shugabanci. The sosai guda karfi cewa yana da wani sakamako, halakarda rama nauyi, gogayya da sauransu.

Inertial tsarin ne gaba daya dangane da farko Law, bisa ga abin da wani jiki ne a sauran ko a uniform motsi muddin waje karfi ba ya canja ta jiha. An muhimmanci alama: doka za a iya za'ayi ba a duk yiwu reference tsarin.

Inertial tsarin brilliantly goyon kuma rayayye amfani a wani sarari suKe makanikai da astronautics (heliocentric tsarin). Ya kamata mu ambaci cewa babu irin wannan firam na tunani cewa zai zama inertial ga duk yiwu matakai na tsarin.