Huhu aiki. Human huhu: tsarin, aiki

Muddin mutum ne da rai, shi numfasawa. Abin da aka numfashi? Wannan tsari, wanda ake ci gaba da bayar da dukan gabobin da kyallen takarda tare da oxygen da kuma kawar da carbon dioxide daga jiki sakamakon da aiki na musayar tsarin. Shi aikin wadannan m tafiyar matakai na miciwa, wanda Magana kai tsaye tare da zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Don gane yadda gas musayar auku a cikin jikin mutum, kamata nazarin sifa da aiki na cikin huhu.

Me ya sa za a mutum numfashi?

Iyakar hanyar samun oxygen aka numfashi. Long da bata lokaci ba shi yiwuwa, tun jiki na bukatar wani tsari. Me ya sa na bukatar oxygen? Ba tare da shi ba zai faru metabolism, kwakwalwa aiki, da kuma duk sauran gabobin. Tare da sa hannu na oxygen tsaga gina jiki, samar da makamashi da aka saki, da kuma kowane cell da aka wadãtar da su. Numfashin ake kira gas musayar. Kuma wannan gaskiya ne. Bayan musamman numfashi tsarin ƙarya a gaskiyar cewa daga cikin iska kama a jiki don karba oxygen da kuma carbon dioxide fitarwa.

Mene ne mutum huhu

Anatomy of su quite hadaddun da m. Wannan jiki ninki biyu. Its wuri - kirji kogo. Light a haɗe zuwa zuciya a garesu - dama da hagu. Nature ya kula da cewa biyu daga cikin wadannan muhimmanci gabobin da aka kare daga matsa lamba, bugu, da dai sauransu A gaban shãmaki rauni ne .. A kirji, da baya - da kashin baya, kuma a tarnaƙi - gefuna.

Light zahiri Ribar da daruruwan rassan da bronchi, tare da waɗanda located a kan iyakar su Alveoli size wani pinhead. Su ne a cikin jiki da lafiya mutum, akwai har zuwa miliyan 300 raka'a. A Alveoli da muhimmiyar rawa: su samar da kayayyakin da jini da oxygen, da ciwon wani m tsarin, iya samar da gas domin musayar fi girma yankin. Just kwatanta: suna iya rufe dukan surface wani tanis kotu!

A bayyanar da huhu kama rabin-mazugi, tushe na wanda shi ne m ga diaphragm, da kuma saman da taso iyakar protrude 2-3 cm sama da clavicle. Ã'a peculiar jiki ne mutum huhu. Tiyata da dama da na hagu lobe ne daban-daban. Saboda haka, na farko bit ya fi girma a cikin girma fiye da na biyu, yayin da shi ta fi gajere kadan da kuma fadi. Kowane rabin jiki da aka rufe pleura, kunsha na biyu zanen gado, daya spliced da haƙarƙari karaga, da kuma sauran - tare da surface na huhu. A matsanancin pleura dauke glandular Kwayoyin, da wanda aka samar a cikin pleural rami m.

A ciki surface kowane huhu yana da zurfafa, da ake kira da ƙofar. Wadannan sun hada da bronchi, tushe na wanda yana da wani nau'i na sashe itace, da kuma huhu jijiya, kuma a bar biyu daga huhu jijiyoyinmu.

Human huhu. su aiki

Hakika, a cikin jikin mutum akwai wata sakandare gabobin. Muhimmanci a tabbatar da rayuwar mutum da kuma masu hur. Abin da irin aikin da suka yi?

• Basic huhu aiki - a gudanar da wani numfashi tsari. Man zaune a matsayin numfashi. Idan ka dakatar da kwarara daga oxygen a cikin jiki, mutuwa ya auku.
• mutum huhu aiki ne don ya saki carbon dioxide, don haka cewa jiki yana goyan bayan da acid-alkaline balance. Ta hanyar wadannan jikuna za su zama free daga maras tabbas abubuwa: barasa, ammonia, acetone, chloroform da ether.

• mutum huhu aiki ba ya kawo karshen akwai. Guda biyu sashin jiki ne har yanzu da hannu a cikin tsarkakewa daga jini, wadda ta zo a cikin lamba tare da iska. A sakamakon haka ne mai ban sha'awa da sinadaran dauki. Oxygen kwayoyin a cikin iska da kuma carbon dioxide kwayoyin a cikin datti jini ake juyawa, watau. E. Oxygen maye gurbin carbon dioxide.
• Daban-daban huhu aiki da kuma ba da damar su shiga a cikin ruwa musayar abin da ke faruwa a cikin jiki. Ta hanyar wadannan fitarwa zuwa 20% na cikin ruwa.
• Huhu ne aiki mahalarta a cikin tsari thermoregulation. Su ba 10% na yanayi a lõkacin da zafi exhalation iska.
• Regulation na jini clotting ba ba tare da sa hannu a cikin wannan tsari ne mai sauki.

Yadda your huhu aiki?

mutum huhu aiki ne don dauke da iska a cikin jini su safarar oxygen, to amfani da shi, da kuma carbon dioxide excrete. Light - wajen manyan taushi jikuna tare da spongy nama. Inhaled iska ta shiga cikin iska sacs. Sun rabu da wani bakin ciki stenochke da capillaries.

Tsakanin jini da kawai kananan iska Kwayoyin. Saboda haka ga bakin ciki ganuwar inhaled gas ba samar da wani shingen da inganta kyau passability ta hanyar su. A wannan yanayin, mutum huhu aiki ne da yin amfani da zama dole kuma ba dole ba janyewar gas. Huhu nama ne sosai na roba. Inhalation ne fadada daga cikin kirji da karuwa a cikin huhu girma.

Maƙogwaro wakilta hanci, pharynx, maƙogwaro, trachea, yana da wani nau'i na tube na 10-15 cm tsawon, kasu kashi biyu, wanda ake kira bronchi. The iska ta hanyar wucewa su, ke da iska sacs. A expiratory huhu girma rage auku, da raguwa a size daga cikin kirji, da m ƙulli daga cikin huhu bawul da damar iska ya fita sake. Wannan yadda da mutum huhu.

Tsarin da kuma aiki da irin wannan damar na jiki da aka auna da adadin inhaled da exhaled iska. Saboda haka, a cikin maza shi ne daidai bakwai pints, mata - biyar. Haske ba ya zo komai-taba. iska sauran bayan exhalation aka kira saura. Lokacin da inhaling ne gauraye da sabo iska. Saboda haka, numfashin - shi ne mai da hankali da kuma sume a lokaci guda wani tsari da ya auku kullum. Man numfashi a lokacin da barci, amma ya ba tunani game da shi. A wannan yanayin, idan so na iya zama a taƙaice katse numfashi. Alal misali, yayin da a karkashin ruwa.

Ban sha'awa abubuwa game da aiki na huhu

Sun iya tsotso 10,000 lita na iska inhaled kowace rana. Amma ba ko da yaushe crystal bayyana. Tare da oxygen kawota cikin jikin mu tur da yawa germs da kuma kasashen waje barbashi. Saboda haka, aikin na cikin huhu kariya game da duk ba a ke so impurities a cikin iska.

Bronchial ganuwar da kuri'a na kankanin villi. Suna bukata domin ya jinkirta da germs, da ƙura. A slime wanda nuna airway bango Kwayoyin lubricates da villi, sa'an nan ta sallami zuwa waje a lokacin da expectoration.

A tsarin da numfashi tsarin

Ya kunshi gabobin da kyallen takarda, wadda cikakken samar da samun iska da kuma numfashi. A wani embodiment na gas musayar - babban bangaren a metabolism - suna ayyuka na numfashi tsarin. A karshen ne kawai alhakin huhu (external) numfashi. Yana hada da:

1. Airways, kunsha na hanci da cavities, maƙogwaro, trachea, bronchi.

A hanci da kuma ta rami da aka kona, humidified kuma tace inhaled iska. Its tsarkakewa aka samu da yawa m hairs da finjãlin giya Kwayoyin tare da cilia.

A maƙogwaro ne dake tsakanin tushen da harshe da kuma trachea. Its rami mucous membrane da aka raba a biyu folds. suna a tsakiyar ba gaba daya Fused. A rata tsakanin su ne ake kira da murya.

A trachea fãra daga cikin maƙogwaro. A thorax ne zuwa kashi da bronchi: dama da hagu.

2. Light a densely branched tasoshi, bronchioles da alveolar sacs. Sun fara a hankali a hankali ne rabo na babban bronchi a tubules na kananan size, wanda ake kira bronchioles. Sun kunshi cikin karami gini tubalan haske - wedges.

A na huhu jijiya daukawa jini na dama ventricle na zuciya. An raba hagu da kuma dama. Sashe arteries ya kamata a bi da mashako, criss-tsallaka da Alveoli da kuma kafa kananan capillaries.

3. Musculoskeletal tsarin, godiya ga wanda wani mutum ba a iyakance zuwa numfashi ƙungiyoyi.

Wannan haƙarƙari tsoka, da diaphragm. Sun lura da mutuncin Airways da kuma kiyaye su a cikin wani iri-iri postures da kuma ƙungiyoyi da na jiki. Tsokoki ƙulla da shakatawa, taimakawa ga wani canji a juz'i na kirji. Budewa da aka tsara don raba da kirji rami daga ciki. Shi ne babban tsoka da hannu a al'ada numfashi.

Man numfasawa ya hanci. Next, da iska ya wuce ta pneumatic hanyoyi da kuma a cikin huhu mutum, tsarin da kuma ayyuka na wanda samar da karin aiki na numfashi tsarin. Wannan shi ne zalla a physiological factor. Irin wannan numfashin da ake kira da hanci. A cikin rami na jiki ne mai tsanani, humidification da iska tsarkakewa. Idan hanci mucosa ne ya fusata, mutumin da sneezes, kuma yana farawa da za su rarrabe da m gamsai. Hanci numfashi na iya zama da wuya. Sa'an nan, da iska ta shiga, ta bakin cikin makogwaro. A irin wannan numfashin ce cewa shi ne cikin bakin da, a gaskiya, shi ne pathological. A wannan yanayin keta hanci aiki haddasa daban-daban na numfashi fili cututtuka.

iska da aka aiko daga pharynx ga maƙogwaro, wanda ya yi aikin sauran ayyuka, a Bugu da kari ya dauke oxygen a kan numfashi fili, musamman, reflexogenic. Idan akwai hangula na jiki, akwai wani tari ko spasm. Bugu da kari, da maƙogwaro ne da hannu a sauti samar. Wannan yana da muhimmanci ga wani mutum, kamar yadda ta sadarwa tare da sauran mutane da za ta hanyar magana. Trachea da bronchi ci gaba da zafi da kuma humidify da iska, amma shi ne - ba su babban aiki. A dauke da fitar da wani aiki, suka tsara da girma na iska inhaled.

Tsarin Numfashi. ayyuka

The iska kewaye da mu, a cikin abun da ke ciki ƙunshi oxygen da za a iya samu shiga jikin mu ta hanyar fata. Amma ta adadin bai isa ya jure wa rayuwa. Domin wannan akwai miciwa. Shari dole abubuwa da gas aikin jijiyoyi. A tsarin da numfashi tsarin shi ne irin abin da shi ne iya samar da jiki da oxygen da kuma kawar da carbon dioxide. Shi aikin da wadannan ayyuka:

• Shirya gudanar da, shi moisturizes da degreasing iska, ta kawar da ake wãtsarwa.
• Yana kare Airways daga samun guda na abinci.
• Gudanar da iska zuwa cikin trachea daga maƙogwaro.
• Inganta gas musayar tsakanin huhu da jini.
• Transports venous jini ga huhu.
• Oxygenates da jini da kuma kawar da carbon dioxide.
• Yana yana da wani m aiki.
• Jinkiri da dissolves clots, barbashi na waje asalin emboli.
• Aikin musayar dole abubuwa.

An ban sha'awa Gaskiyar ita ce, da shekaru akwai iyaka ayyuka na numfashi tsarin. Rage-rage matakin na samun iska da kuma aiki na numfashi. A dalilai na wadannan cuta na iya zama daban-daban canje-canje a cikin kasusuwa da tsokoki na mutum. A sakamakon haka, ya canjãwa da siffar da kirji, ta tafi-da-gidanka rage-rage. Wannan rage da damar da numfashi tsarin.

numfashi lokaci

Lokacin da inhaling oxygen daga huhu Alveoli a cikin jini, wato erythrocytes. Saboda haka, a maimakon haka, carbon dioxide wuce a cikin iska, wanda dauke da oxygen. Tun da shigowa da kuma iska domin fita huhu ta matsa lamba a cikin sashin jiki ƙaruwa, wanda inganta yadawa na gas.

Kamar yadda ka exhale, da matsa lamba halitta a cikin Alveoli daga cikin huhu sama na yanayi. Fara hawa more aiki yadawa na gas: carbon dioxide da oxygen.

A duk lokacin da wani ɗan hutu halitta bayan exhalation. Wannan shi ne saboda ba yadawa na gas, tun da matsa lamba na sauran iska a cikin huhu kadan, da yawa kasa da yanayi.

Duk da yake ina numfashi - I rayuwa. Kan aiwatar da numfasawa

• Don da yaro a cikin mahaifar, oxygen shiga ta ta jini, don haka baby ta huhu ba su da hannu a cikin tsari, suna cike da ruwa. A lokacin da yaro da aka haife kuma sa ta farko da numfashi, da huhu fara aiki. Tsarin da kuma aiki na numfashi gabobin irin wannan cewa suna iya samar da jikin mutum tare da oxygen da kuma kawar da carbon dioxide.
• A sakonni na so adadin oxygen a wani takamaiman lokaci tazara daukan numfashi cibiyar, wanda aka located a cikin kwakwalwa. Saboda haka, a lokacin barci da oxygen ake bukata shi ne da yawa kasa fiye da a lokacin aiki hours.
• A girma daga cikin shigowa iska a cikin huhu ke kula da sakonni, wanda aka aiko zuwa ga kwakwalwa.

• A wannan sakonni cewa fatattake da diaphragm, sakamakon wani mikewa da kirji. Wannan maximizes da adadin abin da aka shagaltar da ta fadada daga cikin huhu a lokacin inhalation.
• A lokacin exhalation, da diaphragm hūta da intercostal tsokoki, da girma daga cikin kirji an rage. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa ga fitar iska daga cikin huhu.

daban na numfashi

• Clavicular. Idan mutum hunched, hannunwansa tashe, da kuma ciki da aka matsa. Wannan ya nuna kasa kwarara daga oxygen a cikin jiki.
• Thoracic numfashi. An halin fadada daga cikin kirji saboda da intercostal tsokoki. Irin wannan fasali taimakawa wajen numfashi oxygen jikewa na jiki. Wannan hanya ne zalla Physiology ne mafi kyau ga mata masu ciki.
• Deep numfashi cika da iska, da ƙananan sassan na gabobin. More sau da yawa fiye da ba numfashi sai da 'yan wasa da kuma maza. Wannan hanya da amfani a cikin aji jiki aiki.

Ba abin mamaki sai su ce: cewa numfashin - wani madubi na shafi tunanin mutum da kiwon lafiya. Saboda haka, likita hauka Lowen An lura da wani gagarumin hulda yanayi da irin tunanin da cuta mutum. Mutanen da suka kasance yiwuwa ga schizophrenia, shi ne shiga a cikin numfasawa babba kirji. Wani mutum da neurotic irin hali ne numfashi wani babban ciki. Yawancin mutane suna gauraye numfashi, wanda ma hannu cikin kirji da diaphragm.

Light smokers

Shan taba ne mai karfi da duka ga hukumomi. Taba hayaki ya ƙunshi kwalta, nicotine da hydrogen cyanide. Wadannan abubuwa masu cutarwa da ikon saka a kan kasusuwa nama, sakamakon mutuwar epithelial sashin jiki. Huhu na wani m mutum ne ba batun irin wannan tafiyar matakai.

A Club haske datti launin toka, ko baki a launi saboda da jari na wata babbar lamba na matattu Kwayoyin. Amma dai ba duka korau al'amurran. huhu aiki ne muhimmanci rage. Fara korau matakai da kai ga kumburi. Kamar yadda wani sakamako, wani mutum fama da kullum obstructive na huhu cuta, wadda taimaka ga ci gaban numfashi gazawar. Ta, bi da bi, yana sa da yawa take hakki da cewa faruwa saboda rashin oxygen a jikin kyallen takarda.

Social talla ya consistently nuna shirye-shiryen bidiyo, hotuna da bambanci tsakanin haske da lafiya smoker. Kuma mutane da yawa suka yi ba tsince a taba, a nta na taimako. Amma ba haka zai zama Sanarwa da kansa, imani da cewa wani eerie gani, wanda shi ne wani haske smoker, bai yi tare da ku. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa na musamman waje da bambance-bambance a duban farko, ba. Babu X-ray image ko wata al'ada kirji X-ray bai nuna, hayaki na wani mutum ko ba. Haka kuma, babu wani daga cikin sani akan cututtuka ba zai iya sanin ko da cikakkar yaƙĩni, ko mutum ya kamu da shan taba a lokacin da yake rayuwa har shi detects hankula ãyõyi: jihar na bronchi, yellowing yatsunsu da sauransu. Me ne wancan? Sai dai itace cewa da abubuwa masu cutarwa iyo a cikin najasa birni iska, samun shiga jikin mu a cikin wannan hanya a matsayin taba hayaki a cikin huhu ...

Tsarin da kuma ayyuka na jiki ake nufi don kare jiki. An sani cewa gubobi hallaka huhu nama, wanda baya, saboda da jari daga matattu Kwayoyin, zama duhu a launi.

Mene ne jigon talla? Just a kan posters da kamanta inscriptions labarun gawawwakin ya fara tasawa, kuma baby ....

Ban sha'awa game da numfashi da kuma na numfashi tsarin

• Huhu da girman da hannun mutum ba.
• Volume guda biyu Gabar - 5 lita. Amma an ba da cikakken amfani. Don tabbatar da al'ada numfashi isasshen 0.5 lita. A girma daga saura iska ne daya da rabi lita. Idan muka lissafta, to, kawai uku lita na iska girma ne ko da yaushe a ajiye.
• Da mazan wani mutum ne, na ƙasa da wata ila ya numfashi. Daya minti wani jariri inhales, exhales talatin da biyar sau, da matasa - twenties, adult - goma sha biyar sau.
• A cikin sa'a daya, wani mutum da ke sa dubu breaths a rana - ashirin da shida da dubu, da na shekara - tara da miliyan. Bugu da ƙari, maza da mata ba numfashi guda hanyar. A shekara guda, da farko idan 670 miliyan breaths, da kuma na biyu - 746.
• Daya minti daya mutum yake da muhimmanci don samun takwas da rabi lita na iska girma.

Bisa ta gabatar ba, mun gama: ga haske da za a duba. Idan kun kasance a cikin shakka game da matsayin da ta miciwa, shawarci likita.