Home gusevodstve

UDC 636.598

home gusevodstve

Geese - manyan m kaji, nauyi manya ne 7-8 kg, Goose kayansa mãsu daga 15 zuwa 60 ko fiye da qwai yin la'akari 150-220 g daga daya adult iya samun su shida kilogiram na nama, 500 grams na kitse mai muhimmanci, yana rayayye a yi amfani da magani kuma pharmacology, tare da sosai low cholesterol, da kuma a cikin na musamman fattening - kafe hanta yin la'akari har zuwa 700 g .. a geese - kadai tsuntsaye, daga abin da ka iya samun lokacin rayuwar high quality saukar da gashin tsuntsu, wanda ne sau biyu a matsayin mai kyau karko kaza. Goose matasa da sauri girma goslings rayuwa nauyi a cikin farkon watanni biyu na namo ya karu da fiye da 40 sau. Geese daidai amfani da makiyaya, da kuma a cikin rashi na wani tsuntsu za a iya ciyar da kore. High yawan aiki, sauki cikin sharuddan da abun ciki, da ikon cinye roughage da wani babban matakin da zare - m halaye ga waɗanda suka yanke shawarar asali tsuntsu.

Halittu da kuma tattalin arziki siffofin

Geese da wasu nazarin halittu da kuma tattalin arziki siffofin cewa bambanta su daga sauran jinsunan kaji:

• · Ability don amfani da makiyaya da kuma ci wani gagarumin adadin kore succulent abinci tare da babban abun ciki na fiber.
• · The ikon m, tattalin arziki wajaba a kansa ya yi amfani da (fiye da shekaru 3), yayin da rayuwa Hasashen na 20-25 shekaru. A rarrabe daga sauran iri kaji na karuwa ne kwai samarwa a karo na biyu da kuma na uku shekara a kwatanta da farko.
• · Sun geese a lokacin farkon watanni biyu na rayuwa yana da matukar high girma makamashi. Haka kuma, a watan farko na ci gaba da makamashi ne 200, a karo na biyu - 96, da uku - 17%. Wannan yanayin da aka yi amfani da nazarin halittu ƙwazo gusevodstve inda gusjat broilers aka girma a kan nama har zuwa 9 makonni na shekaru.
• · Goose gashin tsuntsu da kuma saukar da daban-daban elasticity da ƙarfi, low ruwa sha da kuma thermal watsin, samar da su su mai muhimmanci da albarkatun kasa domin samar da gashin tsuntsu-saukar.
• · Saboda m da kuma Goose gashinsa iya jure yanzu-yanzu drop a zazzabi don debe 25-30 ° C. Kiwon da yawan zafin jiki sama 32-34 ° C da ya haddasa wheezing geese da kuma tabarbarewar a general yanayin, don haka zafi zafi lokaci da suka kamata dauke da zubarwa ko kududdufai.

A disadvantages na geese sun hada da:

• · In mun gwada low fecundity da kwai samarwa, kunkuntar jima'i rabo (1: 3). Idan wani biyu daga nama da kaji iya samun 125-150 kajin daga wani biyu daga turkeys - 50-60 turkeys, sa'an nan ta biyu daga geese - ba fiye 30-40 goslings.
• · A high yawan kitsen a cikin gawa, shekaru uku da watanni da kuma a kan da abun ciki ya kai 25-30% saboda da subcutaneous mai da up to 10% saboda da ciki;
• · Late jima'i balaga (240-310 kwanaki). Light irin geese suna fara rufe kafin nauyi.
• · Ingantaccen propensity ga incubating (ƙyanƙyashe daga 30 zuwa 60% na dabbobi).
• · Qwai dage farawa a waje da gida (40%).

Jinsi kuma irin kungiyoyin na geese

Akwai uku kungiyoyin na kankara: nauyi (nama da kuma m), matsakaici (na ado) da haske (kwai). A farko ya hada da dukan zamani manyan breeds - Kholmogorskaya, emdenskuyu, Toulouse, ƙasashe, babban launin toka. Nama na geese jinsin ƙunshi wani gagarumin adadin kitse. Daga su ne kuma m hanta taro na 600-800, na biyu kungiyar hada da tef ko curly Sebastopol geese. Wakilai daga cikin uku kungiyar ne da kasar Sin, Kuban, Adler, Italiyanci.

Kholmogory irin bred a cikin yankunan da ta Tsakiya Black Duniya zone. Shi ne mafi m irin na geese da kyau tattalin arziki-amfani da ãyõyinMu. A tsuntsu yana da karfi da kundin tsarin mulkin kasar, Hardy, da acclimated. Na yara da balagaggun tsuntsu da high viability. Tare da m fattening zuwa kwanaki 60 na shekaru geese isa wani live nauyin game 4 kg na abinci a wata kudin na 3 kg 1 kg girma. Geese Kholmogory irin bred a ko'ina cikin tsakiyar ɓangare na kasar.

Manyan m dutse halitta a cikin Tambov yankin da tsallaka Romny geese daga Toulouse. Selection aka za'ayi a cikin shugabanci na kara jiki nauyi da kuma kwai samarwa. Jiki na geese zurfi da fadi. Figure murdede. Fahimcin muhimmancin matasa da kuma adult tsuntsaye ne mai kyau. Mass geese na kwanaki 60 na shekaru 3.5-4.0 kg. Goose da incubate girma da kuma geese, undemanding ga ruwa quality, da kuje da kuma ci da hatsi-padalitsu.Krupnyh m geese amfani da uba siffofin lokacin da ketare tare da Pereyaslavskaya Kuban, Rhine da Sin gusjat domin broiler.

Kuban irin samu ta ma'aikata na sashen na kiwon kaji Kuban Jihar Agrarian University. Bird wannan irin yana da kyau adaptability zuwa muhalli da yanayi Krasnodar yankin da kuma high aminci ga girma da matasa (95-97%) da kuma abun ciki na yawan balagaggun jama'a. Mass gusjat 2 watanni na shekaru 3.5-3.7 kg. Kubanskie geese kyau amfani da makiyaya da kuma samun high kwai samarwa (har zuwa 95-100 guda) yin la'akari 150 g

A bu mai kyau gusevodstve yi amfani da crossbreeding don samar da matasan hybrids. Kamar yadda wani kuxi don amfani iyaye dutse Kuban, Sin, da kuma Italian Rhine geese ciwon mafi girma haihuwa, kazalika da na uba - manyan m landshskih, Lind na Toulouse geese, da ciwon high girma kudi.

ciki

Room for geese ya zama mai tsabta, bushe, ventilated, ba tare da zayyana. Tsararr da dampness rage yawan aiki na kaji. Makaran kasa da kuma dauke sama da ƙasa, idan ya cancanta, ta hanyar 15-20 cm. Ya kamata ya zama mai hana ruwa da kuma hana hakori a cikin dakin ganuwar shafe da kuma bi da tare da kashi 20 cikin dari lemun tsami turmi. Windows sanya a tsawo na 50 cm daga bene, da haske a kasa matakin ya zama kasa da 15 Lux. Kaji gidan kamata a sanye take da dumama da kuma iska, samar da yiwuwar rabuwa, shi ne mafi kyau ga raga bangare a cikin sassan. Room tsawo na da nassi ya kamata a kalla 2 m garu daga -. Ba kasa da 1.7 m Lazy ga tsuntsu da taga da kudancin ko kudu-maso-gabashin gefe na ginin. Rufin kamata kare tsuntsu daga ruwan sama.

Unacceptable kan-crowding tsuntsaye a cikin wannan dakin samun datti, karya microclimate m multiplication na microflora take kaiwa zuwa wani karin abin da ya faru na geese. A arewacin yankunan tsakiya da na kasar wuraren for geese gina facade zuwa kudu, da rana fiye da haskaka dakin, da kuma a kudancin yankin, inda akwai wani wuce haddi na hasken rana radiation, - kudu maso yammacin ko kudu-maso-gabas.

A banbanci a kan kiwon lafiya da walwala geese sanya zuriyar dabbobi, Jihar wanda ya dogara a kan zafin jiki da kuma zafi. Kamar yadda zuriyar dabbobi da ake amfani da fadi da kewayon kayan: sawdust, shavings, bambaro, sphagnum peat, ƙasa masara cobs, sunflower husk ko gero. Kwanciya ya kamata su zama a bushe, mai tsabta, hygroscopic, free daga mold. Zuriyar dabbobi daga shuka kayan, ban da ta hygienic, warms bene. A kaka da kuma hunturu, yi amfani da dumi kwanciya - bambaro, peat. a cikin lokacin bazara - yashi, kuma sawdust. Goose da adult a kowace shekara bukatar shirya 40 kg na zuriyar dabbobi abu.

Da bai dace ba abun ciki geese danyen zuriyar dabbobi - a cikin wannan harka Gashin Tsuntsu, datti, disheveled, da kuma zama bad rike zafi. A dangane da wannan tabarbarewa.Idan da m amfani da abinci an rage jiki juriya, wadda take kaiwa zuwa colds. Ya kamata a tuna da cewa tsarki geese gashinsa kare daga hypothermia. Tare da farko na sanyi, kafin kwanciya zurfin zuriyar dabbobi, shi ne kyawawa su yayyafa bushe kasa slaked lemun tsami ko hydrated lemun tsami a cikin kudi na 0.5-1 kg 1 sq. m square. Sa'an nan sa wani gado na kananan kwakwalwan kwamfuta, crushed masara cobs, sawdust, yankakken bambaro kauri ba kasa da 5 da ba fiye da 15 cm. A kafa saman ciyar, watering da kwasfansu. Deep zuriyar dabbobi canji a lokacin da ka canza jam'iyyar geese ko kakar (fall ko spring).

Low yanayin zafi, musamman a cikin kiwo kakar, za a iya cika fuska rage kwai kwanciya geese, da yawan zafin jiki ya kamata ba fada a kasa -4-5 ° C. Lower yanayin zafi na iya haifar da rage hatchability na qwai saboda daskarewa.

Don Goose amfani da wani sashe da wani kwai a cikin sarari a cikin dakin, ba daga baya fiye da wata daya kafin farko na faduwa, kafa tare da bango soket a cikin kudi na daya gida for 2-3 geese. Tare da rashin geese za a iya ɗaukar su a secluded wurare. Kwasfan amfani da wannan zuriyar dabbobi, kamar yadda a Gusyatnikov. Tun da geese, suke gaggãwa da safe, domin kauce wa samu na qwai, zuriyar dabbobi a cikin gida ya kamata a spiked da yamma. An ba da shawarar zuwa sa da gida a kan sanyi ganuwar da kuma a wuraren da haske kai tsaye haske. Inner girma na sheƙarsu su ne kamar haka :. Nisa - 0.4-0.5 m, tsawon 0,65 m, tsawo - 0.6-0.65 m, goro tsawo - 0.01 m sheƙarsu aka yi da itace, plywood, ko wasu kayan da sa saboda haka su ne m ga tabbatarwa.

Feeders for geese yi haka don kauce wa wani babban asarar abinci. Ya kamata su zama haske, dadi. Su za a iya sanya na alluna, plywood ko wasu kayan. Feeders ya kamata isa ya kauce wa Hustle a lokacin da ciyar da geese. Ga ma'adinai Additives amfani da feeders da mahara compartments: tsakuwa, farar ƙasa, bawo. Feeders sun rataye a wata tsawo na 20 cm daga bene. Domin ciyar da kore taro da aka sanya ƙullunku toddlers irin. All kayan aiki dole ne ko da yaushe ya kasance mai tsarki.

Karkashin mãsu shã adult geese amfani da kududdufai, buckets ko wasu kwantena. Don hana ruwa SPRAY kududdufai saka a kan farantansa, an rufe tare da karfe ko na katako net. A cikin hunturu, don haka da cewa ruwa ba ya daskare, makaran ƙullunku ko shi lokaci zuwa lokaci zuba a cikin ruwan zafi. Rashin ruwa, musamman a cikin zafi weather, manyan zuwa wani taro da cutar tsuntsaye.

Aviary da aka kafa a wajen gefen kudu na ginin, shi dole da waɗansu inuwõwi daga rana da ruwan sama. Bathing geese saukar da wani m ganga, lokaci-lokaci ƙara wani ruwa zuwa wani m matakin. Yankin da tsuntsu dole ne a kalla 1 sq. m - for geese, 5 sq. m - ga matasa dabbobi, 15 sq. m -for manya. Lokacin da overcrowding tsuntsu dakin samun datti, worsens iska tsarin mulki, wanda zai iya haifar da taro cuta na geese. Amma a lokaci guda da kudi na dasa yawa ya dogara da yanayin damina. A kudancin yankunan, inda tsuntsu ciyarwa mafi yawan rana a kan paddock, dasa yawa za a iya ƙara zuwa 2.5 per 1 square kai. m yankin na gidan bene.

Domin da dumi kakar za a iya sanye take da hannu gidajensu yuwuwa irin domin gyaran 15-50 geese. A frame na gidan da aka yi da sanduna ko kusurwa bango sheathe jirgin ko plywood, katako, plank dabe, rufin rufe plywood ko allon. Very sauki haihuwa kaji gidan za a iya sanya raga, kwalta takarda da fim. A frame sanya na sanduna ko allon, shi ne mai ƙayyadadden ajali Grid, da kuma karfafa ayyukansa raga a kan yin rufi ji, ko fim. Rufin da aka yi da sandunansu, tare da rata therebetween na game da 0.3 m, saman da aka rufe da yin rufi kaya ko fim. gidan masu girma dabam domin 15 geese - 2.5 x 2.5 m, pent rufin, da facade tsawo - 2.1 m, da mayar da bango -. ba kasa da 1.4 m feeders, mãsu shã da sheƙarsu bukatar sa šaukuwa kuma saka wa ba ƙazantar da ƙasar. Semi-bude tsohon aviary gina a cikin wannan hanya kamar yadda baya daya, kawai facade an rufe tare da allon zuwa tsawo na game 0.6, kuma daga bene, kuma sama - tarar-raga raga. A lokacin rani wannan aviary ne mai sauki, saboda geese ana sa waje.

A physiological jihar na tsuntsaye da aka muhimmanci shafi molting. Daily goslings an rufe tare da saukar. A 3 makonni na shekaru, goslings fuzz farawa da za a maye gurbinsu da primary alkalami, da kuma a 10-mako haihuwa na yara Molina faruwa. A wannan lokaci da matasa girma kudi rage feed amfani da naúrar na ci gaba ƙaruwa. Kafa a kan "hemp" jikin tsuntsu rudiments na sabon gashinsa suna da wuyar cire daga carcasses a lokacin aiki, don haka shi ne bu mai kyau zuwa ga kashe da geese don samar da nama kafin na yara Molina ko bayan ta kammala. By 4 watanni na shekaru, matasa geese an cika ta rufe alkalami na fara tasawa tsuntsu, sa'an nan geese Molina 2 sau a kowace shekara - a lokacin rani da kuma kaka. A ƙarshen spring kiwo kakar a May - Yuni na kwai-kwanciya ceases, rage-rage tsanani da spermatogenesis a Gusakov, jiki nauyi sun rage ta 20-30%. A lokacin rani zo da geese Molina, a lokacin da kimanin 2 months, gaba daya maye gurbin duk da gashinsa. Duk da haka, bayan 3 makonni bayan da farko moulting geese moult a farkon kaka a karo na biyu, da kuma canje-canje ba duk da gashinsa, da kuma "kawai kananan da kuma tsakiyar alkalami.

Tare da wani Goose gawa an cire a 250-300 g alkalami, ciki har da 50-60 grams na fluff. Gashin tsuntsu da kuma saukar da geese ne mafi dumi kuma mafi alhẽri. Shi ne fin so zuwa jinsi geese tare da farin plumage kamar yadda Goose gashin tsuntsu m kiyasta a 20-30% rahusa fiye da fari. Domin ya kara da tarin Goose gashinsa da kuma saukar, yana yiwuwa a gudanar da wani biyu-lokaci (a lokacin dumi kakar) intravital Oschipko geese, da kuma a kudancin 3rd dace da daidai m Oschipko geese zai iya ƙara fitarwa na kananan gashinsa da kuma saukar da kusan a 2 sau. A ƙasashe da dama tare da ɓullo da kaji ne da za'ayi sau biyu, a lokacin da shekara plucking gashinsa zuwa lokaci da na halitta molting tsuntsaye shekaru, physiological yanayin. Kere Oschipko ba sa jin zafi geese. A wannan yanayin ne kawai da geese tara saukar da kananan gashinsa na jiki coverts.

haifuwa

A geese fili ya bayyana sha'awar kafa barga ma'aurata, don haka Gusakov rarraba kayan kafin kiwo kakar, dangane da daya Goose - Goose 3-4. Sun Gusakov kaya da aka rage. A tsawon lokaci da yin amfani da geese a cikin garken dogara a kan irin da yawan qwai dage farawa. Breeds tare da low kwai samarwa da kuma Hatching qwai adana ilhami ne salon 5-6 shekaru. Geese da high kwai samar da nauyi irin m 3-4 shekaru. Lokacin da amfani da, na alheri, tabbatar da Gusakov iya kara zuwa 10-12 shekaru.

A da kyau gander a kan reshe ne biyu kananan gashin tsuntsu (almakashi) da kuma goma farko gashinsa na farko da na biyu domin, wannan ya kamata a tuƙi manya da ƙananan wutsiya gashinsa. matasa fitarwa sun fi mayar dogara a kan jima'i aiki Gusakov. Active a farkon kiwo kakar (Fabrairu zuwa Yuni) Gussaki zauna aiki har zuwa karshen. Bugu da ƙari kuma, jima'i aiki Gusakov a kan na biyu da kuma na uku shekara zai karu, ya kamata a dauka a cikin asusun.

Yana da muhimmanci a kauce wa inbreeding domin kauce wa degeneration na shanu a sakamakon inbreeding. Ina ba su yi amfani da tsarki kiwo, a mararraba iya samun wani matasan majiya karfi da girma magana na kasuwanci - amfani da ãyõyinMu.

Yanã son ya ci gaba da gona ta biyu ko fiye da kwasfansu iyali kamata ka sani cewa shi ne kyawawa sanya da iyali a daban-daban barns kuma paddock, in ba haka ba Gussaki iya yaƙi. A kiwo kakar Gussaki 'yan kwanaki za ta iya zama da yunwa, mãsu tsarẽwa da mãtan daga sauran Gusakov.

Kwai kwanciya geese - daga 10 zuwa 50 qwai a kowace shekara. Yafi haske geese jinsunan isa jima'i balaga a watanni 6 na shekaru, nauyi dutse shirya asali da kawai 9 months. Weight Goose qwai ne daga 150 zuwa 190g (talakawan 170g). M kwai samarwa ci gaba 3,5-9 watanni. A tsawon lokaci da shiryawa da Goose qwai - 28-30 kwanaki.

Haihuwa geese shafi: iska zazzabi, da jerin dare da rana, da tsawon lokaci da hasken rana. Light stimulates: girma da kuma ci gaban da kaji, balaga, molting, farkon kwai samarwa yana da wani tasiri a kan karshen kwai samarwa.

Long hasken rana accelerates mafarki tsuntsaye, barnatar da shafi ingancin da harsashi, da kuma kwai taro. A kaifi rage a cikin tsawon na hasken rana ya haddasa bai kai ba molting da kuma lõkacin fatara daga kwai samarwa.

Bugu da kari, da kiwo lokacin da spermatogenesis a Gusakov fara, yawanci 1-2 makonni baya fiye da a kwai-kwanciya geese, don haka na farko qwai yawanci kasance unfertilized. A karuwa a tsawon na hasken rana hours daga 8 zuwa 14 hours, wanda ya fara a game 7-10 kwanaki kafin a fara kwai-kwanciya geese accelerates shiri Gusakov farkon kiwo kakar.

Karkashin al'ada hali, lokacin da hasken rana fara kai geese a cikin marigayi Fabrairu ko farkon watan Maris. Idan dole, za ka iya matsawa da fara ranar da kwanciya da karshen Janairu - farkon Fabrairu Idan ka ƙirƙiri wani ganiya microclimate a Janairu Gusyatnikov, watau kula da gabatarwa sama-sifili zafin jiki da kuma hasken rana hours karuwa zuwa 14 hours, ta amfani da wucin gadi lighting. Irin wannan tsarin mulki ya kamata a samu dai da na halitta hasken rana ba za ta zama daidai da 14 hours a wasu lokuta, sa da geese biyu -. Autumn - kwai samar da sake zagayowar, haka ne kara da haihuwa game 2 sau.

Goose rush ta cikin rana, don haka da cewa ko da matalauta tsuntsu zai kawo akalla wata daya. Saboda haka, idan ka shirya samu da kajin, shi wajibi ne don mayar da hankali a kan 30-40 kwanaki. Lokaci zama dole a cire qwai daga nests, tari su a cikin kwalaye, a daya Layer, zai fi dacewa a kwakwalwan kwamfuta, ko sawdust. Qwai tattara daga sheƙarsu mafi lamba - daga Goose da kuma kwanan watan rushe. Qwai ne mafi kyau sa a cikin wani kwali akwatin a zazzabi na 7-13 ° C, kullum juya akwatin gefe a cikin shugabanci. Tare da irin wannan ajiya tãyuna a cikin qwai kasance da rai ba.

Har yaushe qwai? Yawa kamar yadda zai iya zafi da Goose, yawanci 11-13 raka'a. A karkashin manyan geese ƙulla mafi karkashin kananan - kasa. Yana da muhimmanci cewa kaza ne da ƙi qwai.

Yanzu da babban tambaya: yadda za a yi Goose Hatching qwai, musamman idan uwar hen na incubator kanta? Ya kamata kara da yanayi zazzabi - a siginar zuwa incubating. A Gusyatnikov bukatar juya sama da zafi, ƙara da iska zazzabi, akalla dan kadan. Lokacin da Goose rassids, da hita za a iya kashe.

Wani muhimmin, daki-daki: da hankaka ta gida kawai bukatar gabatar da sau daya da kuma ga dukan, cewa shi ne inda Goose tafo daga can kuma suka yi Hatching. Tsohon zuriyar dabbobi dole ne a ƙone tare da parasites. A gida zuba sabon zuriyar dabbobi, kada ka manta don ƙara abinci mai ɗaci, a saman da Ramin yi manyan quill alkalami. Sa'ad da dukan geese zauna a gida, za mu ba su rassidetsya kwanaki 2-3. Domin rassizhivaniya zama dole don sa a cikin gida akalla biyu ko uku qwai. Yana iya zama matalauta ingancin qwai - na sababbu siffar, tare da matalauta bawo, da haihuwa, da dai sauransu.

A karuwa a iska zazzabi, kazalika da qwai, riga kwance a cikin gida, da zai taimaka wajen tabbatar da cewa Goose zai tsaya kadan ya fi tsayi a cikin akwatin bayan zai sa wani kwai. Qwai ne ma kwance a cikin gida, irritating rabe a kan Goose ciki, wanda a nuna evokes da brooding reflex. Idan ka ƙirƙiri wadannan yanayi a cikin gidan, sakamakon ba zai dauki dogon. Lokacin da Goose rassids cewa shi ne tam zauna a kan waɗanda 2-3 qwai dasa, su za a iya maye gurbinsu da high quality-qwai aza domin ajiya a kwali kwalaye. Daga wannan lokacin shi ya fara kirgawa lokacin shiryawa. Qwai sa mafi dare na 13-15 pc. a karkashin kowane Goose dangane da yawan zafin jiki a waje da kuma cikin gida, da darajar da geese da kuma qwai, amma ga Goose jikinsa gaba daya boye cikin qwai dasa.

Lokacin da Hatching Goose dole ne free samun ciyar da ruwa a shafin backyard ko a cikin zubar. A lokacin ciyar duba cikin gida tsabta murƙushe kwai. Bayan tsaftacewa da gida da kuma qwai da geese a guje, tabbatar da suke ba kama a daidai Ramin. Don ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa na goslings, Goose-qwai a karkashin hen mafi wuri ba daga baya fiye da 10-12 kwanaki bayan kwanciya optimally - 5-7.

Wasu kokarin yin duk samu Goose Hatching a lokaci guda. Wannan damar domin ko da-shekaru broods na geese, wanda aka fara fitar da geese da na kowa garke. Wasu fi son samar da soket sitters kamar qwai jari, ta haka ne kara jimlar yawan qwai da kuma sanya dace da Hatching qwai da shiryayye rayuwa musamman.

Idan wani matashi Goose kauyen Hatching, sa'an nan rududdugaggu ta tauhid a ta da ta bar gida, ba rush ka jefar da shi. A shekara ta gaba, watakila shi zai zama mai kyau uwa kaza, da kuma qwai shekara ta biyu na Goose ne 15-20% fiye da matasa. "Talent" brooding geese mun gaji. Saboda haka, gano ko daya kyau hen, za ka zama ko da yaushe iya kara ga adadinsu, da barin kabilar cikin 'ya'ya mata na Goose. Kuma mai kyau hen tare da kula dace 'yan shekaru za mu bauta maka da aminci.

Idan na karshe 7 kwanaki kafin janyewar da qwai daga geese sanya a cikin wani kwano da ruwan zafi (35-40 ° C) dõmin su yardar kaina taso kan ruwa, da qwai da rai goslings bayan wani lokaci fara zuwa wobble. Zaba live qwai a ko'ina yada fitar karkashin geese. A ranar 28, wasu bayar da shawarar da qwai da ruwa SPRAY. A haske geese breeds Pip fara ranar 27th ranar shiryawa, a manyan breeds - 28 - 29 minutes, da kuma 30-31 rana - cikakken brood.

Idan dakin sanyi, shiryawa lokaci na iya za a mika wa kwana 30, shi ne cewa Pip da kuma fitarwa yana farawa ne kawai 31 minutes a rana. A yanayi zazzabi taka wata muhimmiyar rawa sosai a cikin rãyuwar tsuntsu.

Yanzu kana bukatar ka shirya: Za a yi goslings bar gidan, ko a karkashin uwarsa.

Idan hen ne nauyi da kuma m, da kuma kajin bayyana disjointed, cewa shi ne, daya riga ya bushe, dukan yini shiryar da wani aiki salon, da kuma wasu qwai har yanzu karya ƙarƙashin tsuntsu, shi ne na farko zama dole don tabbatar da cewa, a karkashin harsashi live kajin, saukar da sauran qwai a cikin ruwa, suna da motsa, sai su dõra kamar yadda idan da rai. Hatched goslings guda, bayan da suka bushe kashe, shi ne mafi kyau karba gidan. Aiki hatchlings sa Goose dauke kan gida don haka kamar yadda ba su murkushe 'yan ƙanananku, da waɗannan da har yanzu suna cikin qwai, yayin lalle sanyi da kuma iya ko ya mutu. Kajin mafi kiyaye dumi, a wani kwali akwatin, inda yawan zafin jiki na game da 30 ° C da kuma jira sauran fitarwa. Rauni gusjat sanya shi a cikin dumama akwatin inda zafin jiki ne kiyaye at 35 ° C riga. Goslings samu karfi da dare daidai da sanya ƙarƙashin fikafikan geese. Goslings dabam daga uwayensu ba zai iya ci gaba da dogon - saba wa wani mutum, su ne ba suka dace da Goose. Shigar da su Goose goslings, kallon hali na uwãyensu ne. Kafin dare goslings ƙware da kuma rarraba kan Goose. Idan da daya daga cikinsu, za su sadu da yawa fiye da goslings zaba da kuma sanya karkashin reshe na sauran geese. A nan gaba, shi zai zama ƙungiyar mawaƙa daga garken karkashin kariyar duk geese da wani gander.

To, idan ka hen hankali da kuma basira behaves a cikin gida, to, kada ka damu - babu daya chick ba za a manta ko ka ɓõye up mummy. Za ka a wannan lokaci za su kawai don tabbatar da cewa goslings kasance free to bar gida da kuma koma. Don yin wannan, tsara su akwai fitarwa da kuma shigar a cikin Ramin. A cikin wurin zuriyar dabbobi kusa da gida, kana bukatar ka saka a ruwa tasa da kuma wani m tire da abinci ga jariran, a hatsi da guga na ruwa ga uwayensu. Guga - to goslings ba zai iya samun a cikin akwati da ruwa, har ya nutsar da shi.

Good Goose ido sosai da yara a lokacin heats bayan wani abinci, ya kira a cikin Ramin. A gida ya kamata a bar har sati daya, sannan aka cire shi, da kuma wurin da ya ke jefa wani babban armload busassun rauno. Brood za a sanya a kan wani tsabta surface tare da mai girma yarda. Idan yana da riga dumi, da goslings tare da uwar za a iya dakatar uwa da ciyawa a lokaci daya, da zaran sun amincewa tsaya a kan qafafunsu. Idan 'yan geese, sa'an nan kori ga kowa makiyaya mai yiwuwa ne kawai bayan da mahaifiyarsa da kuma yara suna da kyau a tuna da juna. Domin, wani lokacin ba da gangan goslings iya hawa zuwa dumama zuwa wani ta mama. Wasu daga cikin Goose, shi ne su dõra mafadaci ga baki kajin iya ko cuta da kadan goslings.

Goslings da babban tsanani na girma, tare da wani musamman m Yunƙurin a watan farko na rayuwa. Idan rana-tsohon geese rayuwa nauyi na 100-120 g, a 30-rana - fiye da 2 kg. Domin 60-70 kwanaki a karkashin kyau girma goslings ciyar da kara su na farko jiki nauyi a 35-40 sau, kai 4-4.5 kg.

Akwai biyu contrasting views on inda a cikin wannan yanayin ne ya zama gander. Wasu sun gaskata cewa a lokacin shiryawa da kuma fitarwa yara Gusakov zuwa Goose mafi nĩsanta. A wani shiru, dumi, rana weather matasa tare da mahaifiyarsa bari fitar a kan Lawn zuwa "sunbathe" a cikin rana, kuma a yarda kusa gander, kallon yadda zai tafiyar da rayuwarsu. Wasu ba su fassara Goose a wani wurin daban a lokacin da Goose zaune a kan qwai, imani da cewa za su taba ya aikata ba, kuma yana da matukar m. Ji da amo irin na jemage da kajin, shi ya yi daidai a cikin soket, pokes kansa a ciki, da sha'awa, da ta taba savawa goslings. Murna sosai a lokacin da Goose an fara fito daga gida tare da goslings.

A live nauyin geese yana da babban kayyade canzawa, cewa abu ne mai kyau mika saukar. Gusevod idan so, za a iya quite nasarar kara live nauyin geese bred su, zabi for shiryawa manyan qwai da kuma barin wani babban kabilar geese. Daga manyan qwai za a nuna manyan diurnal goslings daga wanda zai girma manyan matasa geese. Idan gusevod zai kammala su kiwo garke, za su zama manyan qwai, da sauransu. A sakamakon haka, da live nauyi da kiwo geese zai tashi da sauri. Duk da haka, ya kamata a haifa tuna cewa a lokaci guda a cikin wani da aka ba shanu da takin gargajiya mayalwaci tsuntsaye za ta rage: kwai samarwa, da takin gargajiya da kuma hatchability na qwai. Wannan shi ne saboda feedback nazarin halittu dangantaka tsakanin jiki nauyi na kaji da kuma ta haihuwa: kwai samarwa, da takin gargajiya da kuma hatchability na qwai, haka da dilution Ptitsevod geese zabi mafi kyau duka jiki nauyi na shata kaji, wanda ba ya hana magana daga high haihuwa da kuma cikakken shayarwa matasa mutane daga cikin dace size. Shi ne daidai da muhimmanci ga barin zuwa iyali baya daga geese da high kwai samar da Gusakov da high jima'i aiki.

Duk da qwai da geese amfani don samar da goslings, don haka su haihuwa da kuma hatchability kamata ta kowane hali to kula a wani babban matakin. Don samun cikakken Hatching qwai, ciyar da geese kamata a adalci a duk gina jiki intakes, musamman a cikin sunadaran da kuma bitamin.

ciyar Features

Goose - tsuntsu makiyaya, herbivorous. Geese yarda cinye yawa sabo da ciyawa da kuma makiyaya ne mafi arha tushen abinci. Amfani da makiyaya da kuma ruwa yana da kyau sakamako a kan sauran kwayoyin geese. Sun iya ci a rana zuwa 2 kg na kore taro. Adult geese a kan makiyaya nuna nan da nan bayan oviposition. Dabbõbin geese iya amfani da ambaliyar ruwa da kuma bushe natsuwa da ravines. Inda babu wani yiwuwar sakewa geese zuwa makiyaya, suna kiyaye a cikin alkalama.

Akwai hanyoyi uku na ciyar da geese: bushe, rigar da kuma a hade.

A bushe irin ciyar tsuntsu samun bushe, ko pelleted feed kunshi gauraye feed, ko hatsi gaurayawan. Wannan hanya na ciyar bukatar cikakken goyon baya da kuma enrichment na rage cin abinci tare da bitamin-ma'adinai kari feed garwayayye. Its kullum rate za a iya kafa daya-lokaci - da safe ta hanyar da bunker atomatik feeders, ba tare da tsoron lalacewa. A cikin rigar Hanyar ciyar comminuted mayar da hankali abinci moistened da ruwa, kiwo aiki, da saurã daga wani ruwa abinci, kitchen sharar gida, yankakken m fodder, nama da kifi wanke-wanke. A moistened feed (Mash) an sauƙi hõre acidification a cikin rani da kuma misãlin a cikin hunturu. Saboda haka, suna dage farawa daga kan Feeder kawai kafin a ciyar. A hade Hanyar rage cin abinci kunshi duka biyu bushe da m daga abinci, da bushe Pet abinci na iya zama a raba feeders ci gaba da rigar raba daya ko biyu sau da rana.

Fodder - shi ne wani hadadden kama cakuda na peeled kuma aka niƙa su da ake buƙata size na daban-daban feedstuffs da microadditives bayar da cikakken ciyar da tsuntsaye.

Samar da cikakken feed (PC) da kuma a cikin sako-sako da granulated form, feed fi mai da hankali da kuma feed-grit. PC - a cakuda da cikakken bayar da makamashi kaji, na gina jiki da kuma ilimin aiki mahadi ba tare da ƙarin ciyar da sauran abinci microadditives (Table 1).

Granular feed bai rabu a lokacin kai da kuma rarraba, da tsuntsu ba zai iya zažar da mutum barbashi abincin dabbobi, feed balance ba a gaji da damuwa, shi rage inji asarar saboda watsi da ƙura kuma. A granules ne mafi alhẽri kiyaye ilimin aiki abubuwa, musamman carotene, bitamin. a granulation tsari saboda da matsa lamba da kuma yawan zafin jiki ƙaruwa gina jiki digestibility da kuma wasu auka hanawa (jamiái wanda rage digestibility) gina jiki.

Fodder don inganta microaddings - premixes.

Hatsi hatsi feed geese zauna wani muhimmin bangare ne na rage cin abinci kawai a lokacin da m fattening. A kaji infield yanayi ta amfani da masara, alkama, sha'ir, hatsi, gero, dawa, gero, hatsin rai, buckwheat groats da hatsi sharar sharan (Table 2).

Geese lafiya iya sha na gina jiki kore, succulent da kuma m fodder, saboda abin da bukatun su suna hadu. A lokacin da rana, da Goose ne iya ci 2 kg, kuma mafi ɗanyar ciyawa, wanda ya gana da bukatun da wani gagarumin na daga cikin jiki a cikin gina jiki da kuma bitamin. A marigayi kaka, hunturu da kuma farkon spring geese nuna har zuwa 300 grams na da kyau hay ci abinci a rana. Wannan abu ne da narkewar, wanda beneficially rinjayar abun ciki na bitamin a qwai da kuma ingancin kullum goslings. Bayan waje kiwo geese a kan kore makiyaya rage 2 sau da kudin da mayar da hankali abinci da naúrar na ci gaba, rage aiki halin kaka da kuma kudin nama. Active za a iya amfani da ƙato abinci irin su masara cobs a particulate form, gero ko hatsi Mash a 200 g da kai. Amfani da geese bushe roughage ne mafi kyau da kuma mafi idan suna flavored tare da Bugu da kari na mayar da hankali fodder gwoza da Boiled dankali. Geese suna da kyau narkewar fiber sha'ir, hatsi, Peas. Tun da abinci tare da babban abun ciki na fiber, yawanci mai rahusa, shi ya rage halin kaka da kuma kudin ciyar da kaji. A gizzard geese akwai wani inji nika da manyan adadin abinci. Wannan shi ne yiwu idan ciki na kananan duwatsu, wanda zai iya zama har zuwa 30 guda a lokaci guda. Bugu da ari, makafi hanji a sakamakon daban-daban kwayoyin cleaved yafi shuka sassa arziki a zare. Assimilation na mai shigar da abinci, geese a cikin kewayon 45-55%, muhimmanci mafi girma fiye da na kudi a cikin wasu jinsunan da kaji.

Table 1 Abun da ke ciki na abinci ga geese

aka gyara

full feed

Feedstuff low gina jiki abun ciki

masara  

40

43

alkama  

20

20

sha'ir

7

9

Hatsi ko gero

3

-

sunflower

10

7

yisti

2

4

alkama bran

2

2

kifi abinci

3

2

Nama-kashi gari

1

-

gari na ganye

4

4

gari Rakushechnaya

3.5

4.5

alli

3

3

gishiri

0.5

0.5

bitamin shirye-shirye

1

1

total:

100

100

Daga succulent da kuma kore fodder silage ciyar da kaji, karas, squash, sugar gwoza, dankali, kabeji, legumes, ciyawa kuma forbs. Roughage (hay, ciyawa abinci da shara, ganye) a matsayin kore fodder arziki a cikin bitamin. Daily kudi na dogara da irin da kuma shekaru na da tsuntsãye.

Green taro a freshly mowed matsayin geese ana ciyar daga raba feeders, kuma powdered - da aka kara wa Mash a cikin adadin 40-50% na rage cin abinci. Geese kula da launi da kuma kamshin abinci. Su ne mafi taimaka na kore forage, da ci shuke-shuke da m leaf ruwa: horsetail da karas fi na ruwa shuke-shuke - Duckweed. Daga hatsi kamar alkama ciyawa, makiyaya bluegrass, matasa hatsi da hatsin rai; legumes - alfalfa da Clover.

Geese da sosai Keen gani, don haka ba za su iya ci da abinci a cikin duhu. A dare, musamman a lokacin asuba, su sami damar cinye mafi abinci fiye da da rana, don haka gusevody barin abinci a cikin feeders da dare, wanda yana da muhimmanci sosai, musamman a cikin kiwo kakar.

Table 2 Kiyasta matsayin bukatun abinci geese (g da kai per day)

poop

sanyi lokaci

A dumi lokaci

hatsi

50

-

Peas daya-yanki

50

40

alkama bran

50

50

murƙushe Peas

100

100

Grass abinci, hay, silage

500

-

Beets, karas, dankali

500

-

greenery

-

1500

Shell, alli, farar ƙasa

15

10

gishiri

2

3

Geese fi son mai dadi abinci. Yana yana da darajar da taro na carbohydrates. Kãfirtarsu da fructose taro na 1.5 da kuma 3%, ba za su kãfirta da 10- kuma 20-kashi bayani. Tare da wani low kalori rage cin abinci mafi appetizing tsuntsu jan sweetened abinci.

Brewer ta hatsi ciyar da geese 30-35 grams per day. Yisti bushe tuya ta kuma Brewer iya gabatar a cikin abinci da na majiya karfi daga rana ta biyar rayuwa. Dry gwoza ɓangaren litattafan almara iya saita a up to 10% by nauyi na mayar da hankali fodder.

Daga abincin dabbobi amfani da nama, nama da kashi, kifi, da jini ci abinci, madara foda, buttermilk da skim madara, kifi da nama biskit, sabo jini, dabba inedible kitse. A bushe abincin dabbobi kada wuce 7% na abinci.

Dangane da hanyar ciyar ne da za'ayi da m feed shiri, samar da su su m ga cin abinci, shi inganta digestibility da assimilability.

Tushen amfanin gona da ciyar tsarkake daga datti, wanke ku, a murƙushe. Sashe na daga cikin feed hatsi ne ma milled. Lokacin da crushing hatsi ta gina jiki mafi m zuwa narkewa da yin amfani da kara da surface na lamba tare da mucosa na narkewa kamar fili da kuma juices. Bugu da ƙari kuma, mafi rage cin abinci aka gyara an gauraye da juna.

Sami 'yancin dogara da irin da kuma shekaru na da tsuntsãye. Akwai da wadannan kasarun adadi nika: lafiya nika - 0.2 mm talakawan - 1 to 1.8 mm, manyan - 1.8-2.8 mm. Adult tsuntsu kyawawa don bayar da manyan sulusi da murabba'i (talakawan) nika, majiya karfi