History of halittar play "hadiri" NA Ostrovsky

50-60 shekaru na XIX karni - a wajen wuya lokaci ga dukan Rasha. Yana da aka alama ta wani m zamantakewa juyi da ya faru dangane da zargin sabon pro-dimokuradiyya da kuma sojojin da mainstreaming na serfdom. Da wannan bango, da ƙarfi magana game da data kasance da sabani tsakanin al'ummomi da kuma halin da ake ciki na Rasha mata a wani patriarchal halaye har yanzu rinjaye a mafi yawan kasar.

A cikin irin wannan mawuyacin hali, an rubuta, sa'an nan aka sanya a kan mataki, kuma aka buga quite sa mamaki a waɗannan shekaru da samfurin Ostrovsky.

Chronology na aiki a kan wasan kwaikwayo

Mutane da yawa tambayoyi ne tarihi na halitta daga cikin play "hadiri". A takaice shi za a iya bayyana kamar haka.

Ostrovsky, mafi m, ya fara aiki a kan samfurin a cikin Yuli 1859 (a cikin kowace harka, ba daga baya wannan watan), da kuma a farkon watan Oktoba, ya aiko da rubutu a shirye domin ɗaba'ar. Wannan ya tabbatar da cewa rubutun asali ne har yanzu adana a Rasha Jihar Library. A watan baya, da play ake sa a kan Petersburg mataki: Nuwamba 16 aka premiered a Maly gidan wasan kwaikwayo, 2 Disamba - a Alexandria. A shekara an buga shi a cikin "Library domin Karatun" (a №1), daga baya aka buga a matsayin littafi.

A dauki na m zukatan bayyanar da play

New wasan kwaikwayo ya riga ya shahara "Columbus Zamoskvorechye" da aka gana da iskar feedback da comments, duka biyu m (misali, kimantawa N.Dobrolyubova, I.Goncharova, P.Pletneva) da kuma hukunci (Tolstoy, A. su ɗauko). Ambiguously gane sabon yaro Ostrovsky da kuma gane, yayin D.Pisarev zargi, zo a wannan batun a kan wasu batutuwa a cikin shawara da Dobrolyubov. Duk abin da ya, "The Storm" har abada daga cikin mafi kyau kwaikwaiyo na marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo,. Amma hakikanin sakamako zai lalle zama babban Uvarov Award gabatar da mawallafa kawai domin da gaske manyan ayyukan da aka rubuta domin mataki.

A labarin da haruffa

History of halittar play "hadiri" ne sun fi mayar saboda da mataki na wasan kwaikwayo da cewa wãtsa a wani karamin gari tare da wani kyakkyawan sunan Kalinov, located a kan bankunan na Volga. Lokacin da suka hadu, sai ya zama alama quite m: da m wuri mai faɗi, ba a ji na zaman lafiya da shiru. Daya daga cikin na farko phrases da cewa masu sauraro ya ji daga wani mazaunin garin: "Beauty" Amma kamar yadda ka bincika cikin yanayi na haruffa da kuma janar yanayi na canji. Marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo da basira fallashi Mũnãnan ayyuka da jama'a, da suke zaune a karnoni Domostroi dokokin. Saboda haka, watakila, da sunan birnin - Kalinov, ya zo daga Rasha almara. Shi ne wata alama ce zaunar, lafiya, "shahararre" duniya, wanda shi ne wuya a karya.

Kuma daga cikin "mugunta" da kuma iko sojojin na mutumin bayyana, wanda ya yanke shawarar magana a kan su gwamnati - Katerina. heroine rabo ne mai ban tausayi, domin shi har yanzu bai samu wani kamar shiryayye mutane ko kare (wakilta, misali, wannan mutumin), iya goyon bayan shi ga farkon adawa. The saurayi, a cikin abin da ta gani ta gaba farin ciki da kuma mafi rai, kuma matsorata, ba da sanin da gaske Catherine. A wani lokaci a lokacin hallaka dukan kyawawan dabi'u, yana da wuya a sami cin zarafin da yarinya ta mutuwa.

Shawara a kan asalin labarin

Kalamai game da prototypes da labarin dogara ne a kan ayyukan ƙwarai sabanin. Saboda haka, domin Kostroma m tarihi na "The Storm" taka kai tsaye da aka alaka da 'yan ban tausayi da suka faru a cikin birnin su ba. Wasu bayanai sun nuna cewa samfur Catherine iya zama saba L.P.Kositskaya marubuci. Mutanen da suka kaina san da mawallafin wasannin kwaikwayo, ya yi ĩmãni cewa bayyanar "The Storm" - sakamakon Ostrovsky tafiya tare da Volga.

A wannan da aka sa ta irin wannan hukunci?

Tashin hankalin da canine iyali

Kamar yadda na farko version, da tarihi na "The Storm" guda dangantaka da ya faru a birnin Kostroma. A farkon Nuwamba 1859 ya bace daya daga cikin mazauna birnin Aleksandra Klykova, wanda shi ne kawai shekaru 19 da haihuwa. Daga baya ta jiki da aka samu a cikin ruwan Volga, da kuma a kan wannan al'amari m laifi hali. Dauke iri biyu: kunar bakin wake ko kisan kai da kuma yunkurin boye da aikata laifuka. A gudanar da bincike ya bayyana cewa yarinyar da aka yi aure kwanan nan, da kuma ta fadi a cikin wani m iyali, wanda gaba daya mamaye nauyi bangaren kuma ba wanda ya yi ĩmãni da-doka. Kawo a cikin wani yanayi daban-daban, Alexander bai iya zo sharuddan da ya ƙaddara kuma zauna a wani sabon iyali. Ta ba ta sami goyon baya a mijinta - wani shiru, m, a kusa da baya mahaifiyarsa. Duk wadannan bayanai da suke sauƙi recognizable a cikin wasan kwaikwayo. Shi ya sa bayan da littafin ya bayyana a Kostroma yan unguwa tsayin yi magana game da gaskiyar cewa halittar "The Storm" taka kai tsaye alaka da rayuwa da iyali canine. Ko da yake ya juya daga baya cewa samfurin da aka rubuta wata daya kafin da bala'i, da actor wanda ke taka a cikin gida scene na dogon lokaci sa up kawai a karkashin bakwai canine. A wuri a banki na Volga, daga wanda ake zargin ya yi tsalle zuwa cikin ruwa Caterina Alexander suna daga cikin gida jan hankali.

A hadari - yana da wani sirri wasan kwaikwayo Ostrovsky?

Wani version game da samfur na babban harafin, da ake dangantawa da wata alamar da mawallafin wasannin kwaikwayo, ta rubutu. Next zuwa Catherine monologue, a cikin abin da ta gaya Varenka game da mafarkinsa, ta ce: "Na ji daga LP game da wannan mafarki ... "Don LP hiding wani sanannen actress L.P.Kositskaya, wanda da Ostrovsky, mafi m, yana da wata dangantaka. The biyu - iyali mutane don haka tilas ya boye su so. Masu bincike bayyana halittar play "hadiri" Ostrovsky da kuma duba wannan saki, koma zuwa da cewa a karon farko da muhimmancin da babban harafin da aka buga Kositsky. A marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo da aka sani, na fi son a zabi 'yan wasan kwaikwayo na wasanni na kansa ayyuka a Maly Theater.

A tafiya tare da Volga

A karshe, wani na uku da mafi m version - da labarin "The Storm" guda hade da tafiya marubucin daga cikin manyan Rasha kogin.

A lokacin rani watanni, 1856-57 shekaru Ostrowski halarci balaguro na Rasha Kasa Society a kan Volga. Ya ziyarci yawa kauyuka dake kan bankunan na kogin, ya gana da yana da dogon zance da yan unguwa, koyi musamman hanya na rayuwarsu. Ostrovsky ya halarta da yawa scenes bayyana a cikin mutum iyalai da kuma birnin baki daya. Yana sha'awar da karami cikakken bayani, wanda ya baya bincikar a muqala "Journey tare da Volga."

Makamantan bayanai na wadannan lura za a iya samu a cikin wasan kwaikwayo: da mai rai harshen da mutane, da hankula scene na sadarwa a tsakanin mutane (wanda, ba zato ba tsammani, sukan ba kai tsaye alaka da mãkirci, amma da kyau faye hali overall yanayi na birnin), da kyau kwatanta, kuma tare da daban-daban jam'iyyun, musamman rayuwa. Duk wannan ya tabbatar da cewa tarihi daga cikin play "hadiri" Ostrovsky fãra ya na sirri lura da kokarin gane abin da suke zaune Rasha mutane, wanda ya hana a ci gaba da dukan Rasha jama'a domin.

Marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo,-maigani?

Saboda haka, da bala'i da ya faru a Kostroma a cikin fall na 1859, ya zuwa riga Ostrowski, suka san musamman da rai na Rasha Kasuwanci a tsakiyar XIX karni. Wannan shi ne wani hali halin da ake ciki da cewa zai iya faruwa a kowane iyali zaune a cikin sararin ƙasa na Rasha jihar. Marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo nasarar siffanta daidai lokacin da tsohon sojojin har yanzu jingina zuwa ga mai fita da kokarin by duk wajen don adana su iko, da sabon, kawai kunno kai, shiga cikin wani Uphill yaƙi, sakamakon wanda zai ƙayyade da rabo daga Rasha. Da wannan bango ba haka ba ne mai muhimmanci, abin da yake da alaka da tarihin halittar play "hadiri". Babban abu ne cewa wannan zai iya zama farkon m canji cikin rayuwar kasar.