Heroes na Ancient Girka: sunayen da feats

Heroes na Ancient Girka, waɗanda sunayensu ba a manta da wannan rana, da wata musamman wuri a cikin yaren, zane-zane, da kuma rayuwa da Greek mutane. Sun kasance abin koyi, kuma manufa ta jiki kyakkyawa. Wadannan jarumawa hada Legends da waqe girmama na heroes halitta mutum-mutumi da kuma kira su sunayen masaukai.

Myths da Tatsũniyõyi ne na Ancient Girka: Heroes na Hellas, gumakan kuma da dodanni

A mythology na Greek al'umma ne zuwa kashi uku sassa:

1. Doolimpiysky lokaci - tãtsũniyõyin Refayawa da Titans. Duk da yake mutane da jin defenseless kafin menacing sojojin na yanayi, abin da ya ke har yanzu sosai kadan da aka sani. Saboda haka, duniya da jũna a gare shi a hargitsi a cikin abin da akwai untethered m karfi da kuma ruhu - da Titans, gwarzayen da dodanni. Su ba Yunƙurin zuwa ƙasar a matsayin babban aiki da karfi na halitta.

A wannan lokaci akwai Cerberus, Chimera, Lernaean hydra macijin Typhon, storukie Refayawa-Hecatonchires, allahiya na ɗaukar fansa daga cikin Furies, bayyana a cikin sunan ta jiki, da kuma waɗansu da yawa.

2. A hankali ya fara bullo da wani pantheon daga gumãka sauran hali. Tsokaci dodanni fara tsayayya da anthropoid iko mafi - da wasannin alloli. Wannan sabon, tsara ta uku daga cikin allolin, da su shiga cikin yaƙi da Titans da Refayawa, kuma rinjãya a kan su. Ba dukkan abokan adawar an tsare su a wani mummunan kurkuku - Tartarus. Mutane da yawa sun kasance daga cikin sabon gumakan Olympus: The teku, Mnemosyne, Themis, Atlas, Helios, Prometheus, Selene, Eos. A bisa ga al'ada, babban gumãka, sun 12, amma a kan ƙarni, abun da ke ciki ne kullum uwa.

3. Tare da ci gaba da Greek al'umma da kuma tasowar tattalin arziki ikon aka ƙara ƙarfafa mutum imani da nasu ƙarfi. Wannan m look at duniya haifi sabon wakilin mythology - da gwarzo. Shi ne ya lashe dodanni, kuma a lokaci guda ya kafa jihohi. A wannan lokaci, abubuwa ne mai girma feats da nasarorinsu a kan tsoho halittu. Typhon kashe Apollo, da gwarzo na zamanin d Girka Cadmus founds Thebes shahara zamanka ya kashe macijin, Bellerophon kashe Chimaera.

Historical kafofin na Greek camfin

A exploits na heroes, kuma abũbuwan mu iya yin hukunci daga 'yan rubuce records. The most of wadannan ne waka "The Iliad" da "Odyssey" na Homer Babba, "Metamorphoses" na Ovid (da suka kafa tushen da sanannen littafin da N. Kuhn "Myths da Tatsũniyõyi ne na Ancient Girka"), kazalika da ayyukan Hesiod.

Game da V a. BC akwai haraji da labaru game da gumakan da kuma babban kare Girka. Heroes na Ancient Girka, waɗanda sunayensu a yanzu mun san, aka ba a manta godiya ga painstaking aiki. Yana masana tarihi da kuma masana falsafa na Athens Apollodorus, Heraclides na Fantas, da Palaephatus da yawa wasu.

Origin heroes

Da farko, mun gano wanda shi ne - da gwarzo na Ancient Girka. Mun Helenawa da kansu da dama fassarori. Wannan ne yawanci zuriyar wani abin bautawa da kuma wani mutum mace. Hesiod, misali, da ake kira demigods heroes, wanda kakansa ya Zeus.

Don ƙirƙirar da gaske iya karawa warrior da kuma m, shi bukatar fiye da daya tsara. Hercules - da talatin a cikin iyali zuriyar sarki Greek Allah, kuma shi mai karfi duk da ikon baya heroes of irin.

Homer ne mai karfi da kuma jarumi warrior ko wani mutum daga daraja haihuwa, da ciwon shahara kakanninsu.

Modern etymologists ma daban-daban fassarori da darajar da kalmar a cikin tambaya, nuna rubutu na kowa - m aiki.

Heroes na Ancient Girka sau da yawa da a irin wannan biography. Da yawa daga cikinsu ba su sani ba da sunan mahaifinsa, ko uwa suka kawo, ko an soma yara. All daga gare su, a karshen, ya tafi zuwa ga jaruntakar ayyuka.

Heroes ake kira don cika nufin wasannin gumãkanku, kuma ba da kariya ga mutane. Sun kawo a kasa na oda da kuma tabbatar da adalci. Akwai a cikin su, da kuma rikitarwa. A daya hannun, suna zubo masa fifiko ƙarfi, amma a kan sauran - suna hana dauwama. Gumakan kansu wani lokacin kokarin gyara wannan rashin adalci. Thetis Achilles stabs ɗa, kokarin ta dawwamar da shi. Goddess Demeter a godiya Athenian sarki yana sanya dansa Demophon a cikin wuta to, ku ƙõnã shi duka mutum. Kullum, wadannan yunkurin kare a faduwa saboda da baki na iyaye suka yi taƙawa ga rayuwar yara.

A rabo daga cikin gwarzo ne yawanci ban tausayi. Ba kasancewa iya rayuwa har abada, ya Exploits kokarin immortalize kansu a cikin memory daga mutane. Sau da yawa hõre dama malevolent alloli. Hercules yayi kokarin halaka Hera, Odysseus korarsu da fushi daga Poseidon.

Heroes na Ancient Girka: jerin sunayen da feats

Mutanen da suka zama na farko quarterback Titan Prometheus. An conventionally kira wani jarumi, saboda ya ba wani mutum ko wata demigod kuma a gaskiya Allahntakar. A cewar Hesiod, ya halicci mutane na farko, su sculpting tare da lãka ko ƙasa, kuma suka patronized, kare daga arbitrariness gumaka.

Bellerophon - daya daga cikin na farko heroes daga cikin mazan tsara. A matsayin kyauta daga wasannin gumãkanku, ya kasance mai ban mamaki winged doki Pegasus, da wanda ya ci nasara a mummunar wuta-numfashi chimera.

Theseus - wani gwarzo wanda ya rayu har zuwa babban Trojan War. Its asalin ne sabon abu. Shi ne zuriyar mutane da yawa alloli, da kuma kakanninsa masu hikima ko da rabin maciji, rabin mutane. A gwarzo kawai biyu mahaifin - King Aegeus da Poseidon. Kafin ya mai girma feat - da nasara a kan wasu batattun sifofi Minotaur - da ya gudanar ya yi yawa ayyukan ƙwarai: don ya hallakar da 'yan fashi a laɓe ga matafiya a Athens hanya, ya kashe dodo - crommyonian shuka. Kamar yadda Theseus da Heracles dauki bangare a cikin yaƙi gāba da Amazons.

Achilles - mafi girma gwarzo na Girka, da dan sarkin Peleus da aljanna Thetis Sea. Fata yi invulnerable ɗa, ta ya sa shi a cikin tanda Vulcan (a cikin wasu juyi, a kogin Stix ko ruwan zãfi). Ya aka ƙaddara mutuwa a Trojan War, amma kafin da cewa yin yawa feats a fagen yaƙi. Mahaifiyata kokarin boye shi daga mulkin Lycomedes, ado da shi a cikin mata tufafi da kuma wuce kashe a matsayin daya daga cikin gimbiyoyi. Amma da wayo Odysseus, ya aiko a search na Achilles, iya bijirar da shi. Hero aka tilasta yarda da su ƙaddara, ya tafi zuwa ga Trojan War. A da shi, ya sanya da yawa daga feats. A mere bayyanar da shi a fagen yaƙi kusantar da maƙiyi ga jirgin. Achilles aka kashe Paris tare da kibiya cewa da shugabantar da Allah Apollo. Ta samu a cikin kawai m tabo a jiki na gwarzo - da diddige. A zamanin d Helenawa girmamawa Achilles. A girmama shi aka gina haikali a Sparta da Elis.

Stories na rayuwa da wasu daga cikin haruffa ne don haka ban sha'awa da kuma ban tausayi abu game da su shi ne su gaya baya.

Perseus

Heroes na Ancient Girka, su exploits da kuma rayuwa da tarihin da aka sani a da yawa. Daya daga cikin mafi mashahuri wakilan da babban kare tsufa ne Perseus. Ya sanya da dama feats cewa madawwama a tsarkake sunansa bugi kashe shugaban Medusa da kuma ceto daga cikin dodon ruwa kyau Andromeda.

Don yin wannan, dole ne ya samu da kwalkwali na Ares, abin da ya sa wani ganuwa, kuma da takalmanmu na Hamisa, wanda ba da ikon tashi. Athena, ya zama majiɓinci gwarzo ba shi da takobi da kuma wani sihiri jakar, a cikin abin da shi yiwuwa a boye da ciwo mai tsananin shugaban, domin ko dubi matattu Gorgon juya dukan kome mai rai zuwa dutse. Bayan rasuwar Perseus da matarsa Andromeda aka biyu sanya ta gumakan zuwa sama da kuma juya a cikin wani ƙungiyar taurari.

Odysseus

A heroes of zamanin tsohuwar Girka sun ba kawai musamman karfi da kuma m. Da yawa daga cikinsu suka sãɓã wa jũna hikima. A mafi wayo su kasance Odysseus. Ba kawai ya wit tsĩrar da gwarzo da sahabbansa. Mutane da yawa shekaru Odysseus tafiya gida Homer sadaukar da sanannen "Odyssey."

A mafi girma daga cikin al'ummai,

Hellas Hero (zamanin tsohuwar Girka), da camfin da sun samu mafi talla - wannan shi ne Hercules. Dan Zeus da zuriyar Perseus, ya sanya da yawa daga feats kuma sanannen domin ƙarni. All ransa ya aka fatalwa ta ƙiyayya da Hera. Rinjayi aika shi wata hauka da ya kashe 'ya'yansa da' ya'ya biyu maza sibling Iphicles.

Mutuwar wani Hero prematurely. Sanye da alkyabbar guba aika Deyanira matarsa, wanda ya yi tunani cewa ya aka imbued tare da wata soyayya potion, Hercules ya gane cewa shi aka mutuwa. Ya yi umurni da shirya wani jana'izar, kuma ya tafi wurinsa. A lokacin da mutuwa na dan Zeus - babban harafin da Girkanci mythology - aka ɗauke shi zuwa Olympus, inda ya zama daya daga cikin gumaka.

Greek demigods da camfin da haruffa cikin zamani art

Heroes na Ancient Girka, hotuna na wanda za ka iya gani a cikin labarin, ko da yaushe aka dauke misalai na jiki ƙarfi da lafiya. Babu wani nau'i na art, wanda ba a yi amfani da labaru na Girkanci mythology. Kuma a yau ba su rasa su shahararsa. Yana taso da babban amfani a cikin masu sauraro fina-finai kamar "Karo na da Titans" da "hushi da Titans", protagonist na wanda Perseus. Odyssey aka sadaukar domin mai girma movie tare da wannan sunan (da darektan - Andrei Konchalovsky). "Troy" gaya na exploits da kuma mutuwa na Achilles.

Game da babban Hercules dauke da wani babbar adadin fina-finai, TV series da majigin yara.

ƙarshe

Heroes Ancient Girka da kuma yanzu a na ƙwarai misali na virility, hadaya kuma biyayya. Ba su ne cikakke, da kuma masu yawa daga cikinsu muhimmi korau dabiu - girman kai, girman kai, da muguwar sha'awa ga ikon. Amma su ko da yaushe ya zo da tsaro na Girka, idan kasar ko ta mutane cikin hadari.