Goiter - wani kara girman thyroid gland shine yake shi ne. Goiter: cututtuka, rarrabuwa, haddasawa, magani

A cikin mutane, thyroid gland shine yake taka sosai muhimmiyar rawa. Zalunta da endocrine tsarin, jiki yana da hannu a cikin tsari na samar da makamashi metabolism. Biyu lobes da alaka da wani Isthmus shi, shi ne a kan bangarorin da trachea. Ingested makamashi ne rarraba tsakanin Kwayoyin, kuma idan shi ne kasa su tsoma baki thyroid ji ba gani. Idan kasawa ne m, akwai wani tabbataccen canji na yadudduka da goitre cuta. Da dama banbanci da kuma digiri na cututtuka, waxanda suke da daban-daban haddasawa da kuma bayyanar cututtuka. Wani irin Pathology na bukatar bincike da kuma magani.

thyroid goiter

Har yanzu talauci gane sunadaran da thyroid neoplasms. Hanyoyin da magani, da aka sani a magani yau iya ba ko da yaushe zama mai tasiri da kuma warkar da Pathology gaba daya.

Fabric thyroid dokoki follicles - siffar zobe Kwayoyin. Disturbances a cikin jiki hade tare da sashin jiki tabarbarewa, kai zuwa deformations. Multinodular goiter thyroid sa canje-canje a zabi yankunan da yaxuwa - a ko'ina cikin nama. Bayan kara follicles cuta iya faye hali bayyanar cysts (cystic-nodular goiter). Ci gaban da cutar zai iya kai wa ga degeneration na m nodes.

dalilai

Goiter - wata cuta hada daban-daban thyroid lalacewa. Akwai da dama iri, siffofin da kuma digiri na Pathology, waxanda suke da daban-daban hanya na yanayi, haddasawa da kuma bayyanar cututtuka. A primary hanyar da guba goiter ne rashin aidin a cikin jiki, wanda rage secretory aiki na thyroid gland shine yake. Bad yanayi kuma rinjayar da aiki na thyroid gland shine yake. Fadowa daga mai guba abubuwa iya rage ayyuka na thyroid gland shine yake, inhibiting da endocrine tsarin.

Ƙarancin amfani da aidin-dauke da kayayyakin (madara, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, kifi) kuma iya sa goiter. A Sanadin da kumburi irin cutar - da ciwon daji tsari ko thyroid adenoma. Bambantawa kuma cell division a cikin wannan hali ya auku a ƙarƙashin rinjayar guba abubuwa, radiation, kuma zai iya kawo hereditary.

Kaburbura Pathology auku saboda da tasiri na sashin jiki musamman antibodies na rigakafi da tsarin. Jiyya kunshi shan kwayoyi da hana samar da hormones, wani lokacin da matsalar da aka warware ta tiyata.

symptomatology

Goitre - wannan shi ne irin wannan cuta da cewa ba ya faruwa a matakin farko, kuma m iya ba ko da zama sane da halarce. Kawai, dangane da wani gagarumin karuwa a thyroid ci gaba wasu na asibiti hoto. Alamun shchitovidki halin da kumburi a kan gaban wuyansa, kuma matsawa daga m nama. Duk da haka, marasa lafiya koka a bushe tari, hoarseness na murya, da ji na "a dunƙule a cikin makogwaro", shortness na numfashi. Lokacin da ƙungiyoyi na shugaban akwai ji da tashin hankali da kuma dizziness saboda da clamping na wuyansa tasoshin. A da ɗan damuwa hadiya saboda matsawa na esophagus. Akwai daban-daban sized shafukan kan thyroid gland shine yake. Abin da ya yi a irin wannan yanayi - haka shi a farko da ake zargi da neman magani.

Tare da ci gaban da Pathology saboda aidin rashi ne complemented na asibiti hoto da kuma sauran cututtuka dangantawa da hypothyroidism: bloating, m na numfashi da ciwon ya kama, low jini. Lokacin da thyroid adenoma ko kaburbura 'cuta, akwai alamun hyperthyroidism: nauyi asara, irritability, hannunka tremors, da yunwa, da zazzaɓi.

Yaxuwa euthyroid goiter

A Pathology ne ya sa ta aidin rashi. Compensatory hyperplastic da hypertrophic matakai a cikin thyroid gland shine yake na jiki da nufin tabbatar da ganin wani isasshen matakin na thyroid ji ba gani. Na'urar hanyoyin karancin aidin hade da na ciki salvage aidin, iodide mugunya ragewa koda triyodtirozina kira, waye, kama daga aidin ta thyroid gland shine yake. A wannan hanya, jiki Rama aidin rashi, amma akwai wani ci gaban da hypertrophy thyrocytes, wadda tabbatar da aminci da thyroid ayyuka. Euthyroid goiter iya wahalad da tafarkinsa a sakamakon dalilai kamar haddi alli karanci micronutrients (molybdenum, jan, cobalt, selenium, tutiya, manganese), shan wasu magunguna, na kullum cututtuka, wani tunanin danniya, shan taba.

A mafi yawan lokuta ba ci gaba na asibiti bayyanar cututtuka, tun da wannan cuta ne kusan ba ya sha wahala thyroid aiki. Wani lokaci haƙuri da yanayin za a iya lura da wani janar wani rauni, gajiya, gajiya. Kara shchitovidki dauke da bayyana kwaskwarima aibi ne tare da ji na matsin lamba a cikin wuyansa. Sauran cututtuka na thyroid cuta dangantawa da hypertrophy na jiki da za su iya haifar da tsanani da rikitarwa: kumburi da prostate, hemorrhage, matsawa daga cikin esophagus, trachea. Kan bango na wannan Pathology iya samar da wasu, mafi hadaddun iri goiter.

mai guba goiter

A mata, da talakawan shekaru da aka samu, yafi yaxuwa mai guba goiter. Wannan cuta ne da yawa rarer rinjayar yara da tsofaffi da marasa lafiya. Ba tukuna aka kafa gaba daya, abin da dalilai shafi ci gaban da cutar, amma mafiya yawa daga cikin magani aka dauke a manyan dalilin kayyade lahani a sakamakon wanda da tsarin na tsari na samar da antibodies a cikin rigakafi da tsarin karya saukar. Wadannan cuta kai ga cewa ci gaba antibodies da nasu thyroid nama na haƙuri. Halitta lahani a cikin wannan harka - shi ne ba mai cikakkar predisposition da ilimin kididdiga tsari da cewa shi ne ba dole ba ne yaro ba shi da lafiya, idan cutar ne goiter da wani daga cikin iyaye.

Quite rare a cikin wannan Pathology ƙaruwa a thyroid girma. A 30% da marasa lafiya samu karuwa a cikin idanu (kaburbura ophthalmopathy, endocrine ophthalmopathy, exophthalmos). Babban bayyanar cututtuka a yaxuwa mai guba goiter ake dangantawa da wani wuce haddi na hormones samar da thyroid gland shine yake. Saboda wuce kima aiki na hormonal effects a haƙuri da karayar zuciya aiki, har da ci gaban arrhythmias. Karawa da tafiyar matakai na rayuwa kai ga nauyi asara. Marasa lafiya na iya fuskanci cututtuka kamar worsening da barci, da kuka da gajiya, irritability, tremor bayyanar.

nodular goiter

Nodular goiter - mai yawan pathologies tare da abu daya a cikin kowa - da ilimi a cikin thyroid gland shine yake nodes. Bayan tuhuma da ci gaban da cuta, da mãsu haƙuri bukatar je ta hanyar yawan safiyo domin sanin da har da irin. Idan haƙuri aka gano fiye da daya kumburi, shi ne kamu multinodular goiter na thyroid gland shine yake. Mafi na kowa bayyanuwar da cuta ne a colloidal euthyroid goiter. Alamun kamar yadda irin wannan ba ya faruwa, amma lahani bayyana a cikin wuyansa har zuwa nakasawa. Tare da m majiyai bayyana rikitarwa, wanda ya nuna m girma na tsarin: zub da jini a cikin taron jama'a, bayyanar kumburi, tare da kara ƙaruwa thyroid. A nodes na babban size iya damfara da trachea ko da esophagus, wanda yana tare da disturbances na numfashi da kuma hadiya.

Development of nodular goiter yana yuwuwa ta irin dalilai kamar kwayoyin predisposition, na kullum kwayar ko kwayan cututtuka, magunguna, abinci goitrogenic dalilai, muhalli dalilai. Babban dalilin shi ne rashin aidin a cikin jiki. Ba lallai ba ne su kawo cutar a jihar na sakaci. Duba nan da nan zuwa ga likita idan kun ji kullin a cikin thyroid gland shine yake. Abin da ya yi gaba, da yadda za a rabu da su da kuma hana rikitarwa - shi za a iya samu a kan musamman shawara bayan da cikakken kewayon safiyo. Kawai sai za ku iya daukar wasu matakan da rubũta jiyya.

digiri

Degree na nodular goiter m daga yadda kara girman thyroid. Nodes iya zama daban-daban masu girma dabam da kuma a cikin daban-daban yawa. A halin yanzu, akwai biyu sukayi fassara da nodular goiter a ikoki. A farko - a Nikolaev. Akwai aka ware 5 kungiyoyin. A sifili mataki na thyroid gland shine yake ba bayyane, kuma shi ba a ji ta palpation. A farko - ba a bayyane, amma palpable. Na biyu digiri halin da bayyane buɗi na gland shine yake a lokacin hadiya. A cikin uku kewaye ƙaruwa da thickens wuyansa. A karo na hudu da aka nuna riga bayyananne goiter, wanda ya warware wuyansa sanyi. Biyar, da karshe mataki da cuta ne fraught tare da rikitarwa. A babban size na thyroid gland shine yake kaiwa zuwa matsawa na dab gabobin, wanda aka sa keta aiki na numfashi da kuma zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin da gastrointestinal fili.

Bisa ga WHO rarrabuwa, akwai uku (sifili, farko da na biyu) mataki na cutar. A sifili goiter ba na farko - ba a bayyane, amma palpable, da kuma lokacin da akwai wani biyu digiri goiter, da kuma shi za a iya gani da ido tsirara. Idan matakin farko na cutar ci gaba ba su da bayyane hatsari ga jiki, da ci gaban da cutar zai iya kai ga tsanani sakamakon, saboda amfanin gona - shi ne mai tsanani cutar da cewa, ban da waje canje-canje shafi barnatar a kan aiki na duk tsarin da kuma gabobin.

hanyoyin da ganewar asali

Binciken farko na haƙuri aka yi via palpation. Idan ƙari da aka gano, rubũta duban dan tayi domin sanin adadin thyroid neoplasms da kuma daidai size. Fine-allura tsammãni biopsy aka yi a cikin akwati inda samuwar fi girma fiye da 1 cm, ko akwai tuhuma da malignancy. Duban hade tare biopsy qara m binciken.

Thyroid goiter, a wuri na kirji da a babban sikelin, za a iya rasa muhallinsu a cikin shugabanci na Airways, wanda ya haddasa rikitarwa. Don hana wannan, sanya wani X-ray bambanci barium kirji da esophagus. Magnetic rawa Dabarar aka yi amfani da manufar da wani cikakken binciken retrosternal goiter. A al'ada lokuta, shi ne ba wajabta.

Yadda za mu bi goiter

goiter magani iya zama mazan jiya da kuma m. Na farko wani zaɓi da ake amfani da, idan kamu da yaxuwa, nodular, multinodular goiter na thyroid gland shine yake. Cikakkar contraindication tiyata ne ma dalilin da yin amfani da ra'ayin mazan jiya magani. Ya kunshi da dama matakai. Da fari dai, kana bukatar ka sake duba your abinci da kuma maye gurbin shi da wani daidaita. Har yanzu bukatar kyautata yanayin tsafta. Akwai iya rubũta jiyya a wani musamman makõma. Muhimmanci aka gyara na da ra'ayin mazan jiya magani hada da: daidaita da hanta da Gut aiki, readjustment na foci na kullum cututtuka, daidaita aidin metabolism a cikin kwayoyin. A karshen aka samu saboda samun irin wannan kwayoyi, "triiodothyronine", "Tireoidin", "Tireotom", "Tireokomb".

M magani an wajabta, idan akwai alamomi ga tiyata: yaxuwa goiter IV kuma V har yaxuwa goiter III har wanda ba zai iya zama mazan jiya far, gauraye da nodular goiter, thyroid idan ya karu. Goiter cire a hanyoyi biyu: gemistrumektomiya da resection na lobe. M baki daukawa wani likitan tiyata a karkashin kusa dubawa na wani endocrinologist. Shi ne kuma zai yiwu lura da goiter jama'a magunguna. A mafi kokarin da tasiri hanya ne don amfani da ganye elecampane. Ana amfani da jiko vodka da kuma amfani da su kurkura cikin makogwaro zuwa cikakken magani.

Rigakafin goitre

Domin ba su fuskanci cutar goitre, shi wajibi ne don m da yanayi a karkashin abin da cutar ba zai iya ci gaba. Muna magana ne game da rigakafin, wanda a cikin wannan yanayin na iya zama wani taro, kungiyar, mutum. Mass kunshi a da ake ji iodized gishiri, wanda ya ƙunshi ta 1 ton na 25 grams na potassium. Musamman muhimmanci ne liyafar, a yankunan ƙãra hadarin aidin rashi. Collective rigakafin ne da za'ayi ta "antistrumin" miyagun ƙwayoyi. Suna amfani da shi a cikin soja raka'a, yara da kuma makaranta teams a kashi na 1 kwamfutar hannu na mako daya. Marasa lafiya da suke zo a cikin yankin da aidin rashi, da kuma rubũta da miyagun ƙwayoyi "antistrumin".

Specific m tabbatarwa kamata a da za'ayi a tare da tare da kawar da m dalilai ta wajen wani yawan tsafta da kuma zamantakewa matakan (wajen magance hanji cututtuka, tsafta al'adu na yawan jama'ar, rigakafin hypovitaminosis, bambance bambancen da kuma daidaita cin abincin nasu, inganta yanayin rayuwar).