Girgizar Kasa da volcanic shigowa a Rasha: jerin tarihi da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Volcanoes da raurawar ƙasa - ne na musamman na halitta mamaki cewa faruwa dangane da fasali na farantin tectonics. Shigowa, yawanci tare da raurawar ƙasa na zuwa wani musamman jihar shudder ɓawon burodi, sakamakon wani zato saki m makamashi. Domin mafi part, wannan girgizar kasa tãguwar ruwa, da haihuwa na duniya da na halitta mamaki, da kuma wani lokacin wasu mutum da aka yi events.

Volcanoes - da dama ramuka a cikin ƙasa ta ɓawon burodi, daga zurfin cewa tare da mai gudu da kuma karfi da surface an fitad da yawa zubi dutse.

Kafin mu kalli misalai na volcanoes a Rasha, a takaice ba wasu fassarorin, da kuma gano, yaya irin wannan mamaki faruwa.

Janar bayani game da volcanoes da raurawar ƙasa

Girgizar asa faruwa saboda kwatsam saki na matsa lamba, tara ƙarƙashin ƙasa ta ɓawon burodi saboda wasu na ɗan wani lokaci. Girgizar kasa halin da ake ciki ne m da ma'aunai amfani da wani seismometer (size da kuma ƙarfi daga cikin girgizar kasa ya faru).

A batu na abin da ya faru na wata girgizar kasa da ake kira cibiyar. Hypocenter - batun da a cikin ƙasa ta surface, da kuma cibiyar na volcanoes. Shigowa shafe taro (extruding) da zubi magma yawanci dauki kamannin duwãtsu ko tuddai bayan sanyaya jefar da kayan.

Wadannan m halitta mamaki iya faruwa a kowane bangare na duniya ta surface (ko da a kan duwatsu) biyu a ƙasar da kuma a kan seabed da kuma a cikin teku. Sau da yawa akwai bullowan volcanoes a Rasha, wanda za a aka bayyana a cikin mafi daki-daki a kasa a cikin labarin.

Volcanoes kasu kashi 3 iri: dadaddun, dormant (ba tukuna aiki) da kuma aiki.

Maps sanya volcanic flares da raurawar ƙasa nuna cewa mafi yawa (kamar yadda muka gani a sama), wadannan mamaki suna a hankali da alaka da juna, da kuma dalilin da suka bayyanar shi ne sun fi mayar da wani fasalin na duniya farantin tectonics.

Mummunan bala'i a duniya

Kafin mu bayyana mafi girma a volcanoes a Rasha, wakiltar da mafi mũnin irin abubuwan taba prozoshedshie a duniya.

A mafi shahara da kuma The catastrophic shigowa da aman wuta a tsawon tarihi - da aiki daga cikin shahararrun aman wuta Dutsen Vesuvius a watan Agusta na shekarar 1979. A sakamakon haka shi da cikakken halakar uku Italian birane, ciki har da most of su - Pompeii. Kashe 16,000 mutane.

A mafi tsanani da raurawar asa ne da wadannan: a shekarar 1976 a garin da aka halaka Tanshan a kasar Sin (800 dubu an kashe mutane.). a shekarar 2011 a tsibirin Honshu (Japan) da girgizar kasa jawo zargin da mummunan tsunami cewa fatattakakkun nukiliya ikon shuka a Fukushima (a manyan sikelin-saki radiation).

Da raurawar asa da volcanic eruptions a Rasha

Raurawar ƙasa a Rasha - shi ne ma quite na kowa. Duk da yake ga mazauna birane da kuma tsakiyar bangare na kasar da sabon abu ne sa'a ba a sani ba.

Hakika, mutane da yawa za su tuna da mummunan abun da ya faru a kasar a lokacin Soviet zamanin. Mummunan abu shi ne girgizar kasa a Armenia, a watan Disamba 1988, lokacin da ya hallaka birnin Spitak.

A Rasha, akwai sau da yawa a irin wannan aiki na ɓawon burodi, amma gwada da kananan mawadãta. Alal misali, a cikin ƙasa na Jamhuriyar Tuva a marigayi 2011, wata girgizar kasa na 3.2 maki. Kuma zuwa wannan rana a yankin na girgizar kasa aiki ba ya hana.

A shigowa wata aman wuta a Rasha - shi ne ma ba nadiri. A manyan yankunan da babbar jiha ne kamar 200, iri-iri volcanoes, mafi yawan abin da ake located in Kamchatka da Kuril Islands. Wannan ya hada da 8.3% na dukkan aiki volcanoes na Duniya.

Ga 'yan Rasha volcanoes, exert su aiki a cikin past shekaru biyar, da kuma ba da wani taƙaitaccen tarihin su aiki.

lebur Tolbachik

A watan Nuwamba na shekarar 2012, aman wuta shigowa a Rasha ya faru a gabashin Kamchatka. Wannan wuri - Tolbachiksky volcanic massif, kashi na Kluchevskaya volcanic kungiyar (kudu maso yammacin part). A abun da ke ciki ya hada da Flat Tolbachik (da tsawo na 3140 m) da kuma M Tolbachik (3682 m). Suna located a kan wani tsoho garkuwa aman wuta.

Yana wani sabon shigowa, wanda ya fara da bude daga cikin crack (tsawon kimanin 5 km). Lawa gudana cika asibiti (tsohon tushe na "Leningrad"), located a gindin aman wuta, da kuma tushe na gina wurin shakatawa na halitta "volcanoes na Kamchatka".

Kizimen

Yana da wani stratovolcano a cikin siffar wani yau da kullum da mazugi. Last aiki shigowa da shi ya faru a shekarar 2013. Vulcan (2485 m) is located a gefen kudu Tumrok kunya (yammacin gangara) a cikin 265 kilomita daga Petropavlovsk da kuma 115 kilomita daga. Milkovo.

Mafi yawansu ba ta aiki da aka gani a shekara ta 2009, sakamakon kwarin geysers faru kunnawa da yawa daga cikinsu. Toka a sakamakon aman wuta, mataki da cewa shekara rafke cikin manyan yankunan da biosphere ajiye (Kornotsky). Zo da aman wuta 12 dubu. Shekaru da suka wuce.

Nameless

Wannan shi ne wani aman wuta, located in Kamchatka game Klyuchevskoy tuddai. Kunamu daga kauye shi ne dake nisan kilomita 40 (Ust-Kamchatsky gundumar). Its cikakkar tsawo ne 2882 mita.

Its karshe shigowa faru a shekarar 2013, amma ya fi shahara - a 1955-1956. shigowa girgije a lokacin ya kai wani tsawo na kusan 35 km. A sakamakon haka, a bakin dutse kafa U siffar bude a gabashin shugabanci (diamita 1.3 km). A gabas kafa a wani yanki na 500 sq. km, duk Bishiyoyi da aka karya da kuma tumɓukakku ne.

Kluchevskoy

In mun gwada kwanan nan (Agusta 1913), wani karfi shigowa faru a Rasha a gabas na Kamchatka. Wannan stratovolcano - mafi girma na duk aiki a Eurasia. A shekaru kusan 7000 da shekaru, da kuma rufinta dabam daga lokaci zuwa lokaci (4750-4850 m).

A watan Oktoba 2013, akwai wani babban lokaci (bayan 4 lawa gudana) da shigowa ash shafi yakan zuwa 10-12 kilomita. Plume daga shi lullube a kudu-westerly shugabanci. Ash faduwa da aka gudanar a kauyuka da kuma Atlasovo Lazo da Atlasovo, a cikinsa, ta Layer kauri ya kusan biyu millimeters.

karymsky

A shigowa na karshe na wannan stratovolcano located a kan Kamchatka Larabawa (Gabas Ridge), ya faru a shekarar 2014. Its cikakkar tsawo ne 1468 mita. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi m volcanoes. Tun 1852, a total fiye da 20 rubuta eruptions.

Game da karymsky da wannan sunan lake, inda a shekarar 1996, a lokacin da manyan sikelin-karkashin ruwa fashewa, kusan dukan abubuwa masu rai cewa rayuwa a cikin shi, ya mutu.

A karshe shigowa da aman wuta a Rasha

Shiveluch ne ma located a cikin Kamchatka Larabawa (Gabas Ridge). Shi ne da northernmost na duk aiki Kamchatka volcanoes. A tsawo na ta da cikakken - 3307 mita.

A Yuni 2013 (asuba) Sheveluch jefa zuwa tsawo na mita 10,000 mai iko al'amudin ash. A sakamakon haka, a kauyen Kunamu (47 km daga aman wuta), akwai ash faduwa. All tituna da gidaje rufe millimeter Layer na ash mai farin gashi. A watan Oktoba (bayan da shigowa na aman wuta Klyuchevskoy) Sheveluch sabuwar kafe shafi na ash zuwa tsawo na 7600 mita. A watan Fabrairu 2014 da wannan lamba kai fiye da 11 kilomita, kuma a watan Mayu, da aman wuta disgorged kawai 3 shafi (daga 7000 zuwa 10000 mita).

A karshe, wani ban sha'awa Gaskiyar

Girgizar Kasa da volcanic shigowa a Rasha ya karu da yankin na ƙasar Rasha a 4500 kwata. mita. Abin da ya faru? A dangane da girgizar kasa events cewa ya faru a cikin Kuril Islands da Sakhalin, a 2007-2009, kasar ta ƙasa ta ƙara.

Bayan da girgizar kasa a kudancin Sakhalin (Nevelsk) a watan Agusta 2007, da ƙarƙashin teku ya tashi, fiili wani sabon kananan yanki na ƙasar (wani yanki na uku sq. Km). Bugu da ƙari 1.5 sq. kilomita na Rasha ƙasa ne sakamakon wani sabon shigowa na Sarychev ganiya (Kuril tsibirin Matua).