"General Sherman" - babbar itace a cikin duniya. giant sequoia

Sequoia - daya daga cikin mafi girma da itatuwa a duniya. A Jurassic da kuma Cretaceous lokaci, shi ne na kowa a Turai da kuma Asiya, amma yanzu kiyaye kawai a duwatsun California da kuma Kudancin Oregon. Wannan relic shuke-shuke pre-Ice Age, su za a iya kira zaune burbushin.

Features

Giant sequoia (Sequoia, Santa itace), mai suna bayan ga kabilar Iroquois, shugaba, shi ne gaba daya ba a sani ba zuwa ga Turawa har 1850. A kurmi na giant itatuwa da gangan gano wani Banasare Lobb.

Indiyawan kira da sequoias "gandun daji da kakanninsu." Wannan ya sa hankali, kamar yadda aka bayyana da wata itãciya ba kawai isa wani tsawo na 100-120 mita, amma kuma rayuwa mai mamaki dogon lokaci. A shekara-shekara zobba a kan mafi tsufa na su, an gano cewa, ba za su iya isa 3,000 shekaru.

Giant sequoia nasa ne a gidan Taxodiaceae (gymnosperms Division). Wannan shi ne wani coniferous itacen da lush itãce. Ko da yake da kyau, kuma m itace da aka sosai mai daraja, da yiwuwar ta yin amfani a cikin tattalin arzikin ne kananan saboda matsananci scarcity na redwoods. Maimakon haka, shi da ake amfani da ado dalilai. Dasa wadannan Refayawa za a iya samu a cikin Caucasus da kuma a kan kudancin bakin tekun na Crimea.

Sequoia da Giant Sequoia?

Ko da yake wadannan itatuwa suna kama, akwai bambance-bambance tsakanin su.

Redwoods girma a arewacin California a kan kunkuntar jihar bakin teku tsiri. Domin su, da m gumi sauyin yanayi tare da m hazo. A giant sequoia aka samu a yammacin gangara daga cikin Sierra Nevada (a altitudes na 1.5-2 km). Sequoia Cones iya ba cika a lokacin da damp. Domin rashes tsaba bukatar a bushe da zafi weather.

Forest gobara, hadarin gaske ga dukan abubuwa masu rai, domin wadannan itatuwa na iya taka rawar da haifuwa da kuma ci gaban da mai kara kuzari. Cones zafi an saukar da shi, kuma da tsaba fada a kasa, riga free daga weeds. Balagagge itatuwa da iko haushi daga wuta ba su sha wahala kamar yadda sauran shuke-shuke. Kuma a cikin ganga haihuwa gigantic sequoia iya ƙunsar har zuwa 8000 lita na ruwa.

Wadannan Refayawa buga rufinta. Suna jayayya da wasu irin eucalyptus da take da tallest itatuwa. Sequoia kadan takaice daga cikin mutum ɗari-mita tsawo, amma da suka kai a tsõro daga ta kauri, wanda ya kai fiye da 10 m. Ba tare da dalili aka kira su gigantic.

Alal misali, sequoia "General Sherman" yana da wani akwati karkara na fiye da 35 m. Domin fitar da wani da'irar a kusa da wannan giant, shi zai dauki fiye da mutane 25! Wannan itace yana dauke da babbar a duniya tun shekarar 1931.

Giant sequoias - centenarians. A farkon karni XX suka sare saboda muhimmanci da katako. shekaru bishiyoyi da aka ƙaddara ta girma zobba a kan kututture. Sai ya juya daga cewa wasu daga cikinsu ya rayu for game 3 shekara dubu! Su yi girma har a lokacin da kawai Masarawa fara gina sanannen pyramids.

Giant sequoia branched kuma mallaki karfi tushen tsarin. Haushi ya ƙunshi abubuwa m haushi beetles da sauran kwari. By fungi da lichens su ma suna da sinadaran kariya.

Janar Sherman Tree

A California (USA) ya kafa National Park "Sequoia". Its main part - wani "Forest Refayawa" - Garka daga cikin mafi girma itatuwa a duniya. Kusan kowace misali na da sunan. Daga cikin shahararrun Janar Sherman itace. Shi ne kawai ban mamaki. Sequoia "General Sherman" - da babbar itace a duniya. An yi imani da cewa shekaru ne 2300-2700 shekaru. Height ba matsakaicin ga itatuwa -. "Kawai" 84 mita, amma ƙara da giant, constituting kusan 1,500 cubic mita, da kuma weighs game da 2,500 ton sa shi cikin mafi girma abu mai rai a duniya.

Kuma wannan ba iyaka, saboda redwoods girma cikin rayuwar. Kuma suka mutu na tsufa maimakon yadda da yawa na gigantic size. Akwai zo a daidai lokacin da itace gangar jikin iya daina rike babban nauyi. Ya kawai karya saukar. A "General Sherman" ci gaba da girma, da kara da diamita a kowace shekara domin akalla rabin santimita. A halin yanzu, shi ne fiye da 11.1 m!

Irin wannan babban itace janyo hankalin kwarai hankalin yawon bude ido. National Park "Sequoia" a kowace shekara an ziyarci da dubban mutane da suke so su ga wannan abin mamaki na duniya, da za a photographed gaba da su.

Mai suna a cikin girmamawa ga gwarzo

Janar Sherman, wanda aka mai suna a cikin girmamawa ga itacen - Amurka kasa gwarzo. A lokacin yakin basasa, ya ji dadin ko da suna fiye da Janar Grant. A mafi yawan sanannun aiki a karkashin jagorancin Sherman ya gwagwarmayar Atlanta, bayan wanda ya yarda da sallama daga cikin Confederate Army, karkashin jagorancin Johnston. A 1869, Janar Grant ta gaje matsayin sojojin Amurka kwamandan a shugaba.

A 1879, James halittu Wolverton alƙarya, a lokacin da yakin basasa ya yi aiki a rundunar Sherman a leftana, da ake kira da babban itace a cikin sunan ƙaunataccen kwamandan.

Ba zato ba tsammani, na biyu mafi girma a duniya yana dauke sequoia "General Grant".

shakatawa attractions

Baya daga cikin "Giant Forest" yawon bude ido suna janyo hankalin da rami-log. A 1937, fadin hanya a wurin shakatawa auku giant sequoia, tarewa hanya ga motoci. Don sake gano hanyar da shakatawa ma'aikata aka tilasta yanke shi a cikin wani rami nisa na 5 m da tsawo na game da 2.5 m. Wood yanke shawarar ba tsabtace, kuma ya zama daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan jan hankali.

A tsakiyar wurin shakatawa akwai wani dutse tudun Moro Rock, a saman wanda wani bene. A saman wani m view of dukan "gandun daji Refayawa." Jawo hankalin su da yawa kogwanni. Duk da haka, suna rufe ga jama'a, sai dai daya.

Beautiful shakatawa da kuma gigantic itatuwa ne yanzu cikin hadari. Ci gaba a karshe shekaru fari a California ya sa da yawa gobara, wanda ba zai iya tsayayya ko da ya fi iko redwoods. A rashin danshi a cikin ƙasa impedes fitowan da matasa harbe. Abin baƙin ciki, wadannan centenarians iya bace daga fuskar duniya.