Dac sauti: gwajin hanya

Ba kowane kwamfuta mai amfani gane cewa a gaskiya shi ne mai Dac. The sauti ne ji kome, amma wannan ita ce hanya da shi ne abar kulawa, kamar yadda shi dai itace, sune naúrar kanta. A shawara na topic zai yi kadan zurfi a cikin yanayi na sauti fahimtar da haifuwa na'urorin shi.

Mene ne Dac? Sauti: da tushen fahimtar

Wasu mutane kuskure yi imani da cewa Dac - ne tsakiya audio processor. Jera domin shi ne. Amma a gaskiya, da Dac ne mai mita-to-analog Converter, wanda ya musanya masa a audio sigina, kuma da irin wannan, wanda aka sani da dan Adam kunne.

Ga ka bukatar ka sa bambanci tsakanin dijital kuma analog sigina. A fasahar amfani a cikin "adadi" ko lokacin da digitizing audio, ya hada da software aiki dabaru, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa da yawa magoya na roba records don sauraron wani irin rikodin a CD / DVD-tafiyarwa ba kawai saboda rashin takamaiman nika jefarwa da lu'u-lu'u shugaban na player idan ka taba da farantin .

Analog aiki da aka farko amfani a tube amplifiers da faifai tef rakoda. Irin wannan na'urorin har yanzu suna sosai rare daga masu sana'a kida wanda ake kokarin kara da sauti na ya qagaggun wasu zafi.

mita halaye

The sauti Dac tuba kuma reproducible, ya dogara a kan sigina fitarwa na'urar, Ina nufin, sauti katin. Amma dai ba duka. A gagarumin irin rawa da jawabai kamar yadda wannan jawabai (magana), kuma amplifiers.

Ga dole ne mu gane cewa babu tsarin zai haifa da sauti na sigogi kasa saundkarty damar. Kamar yadda na yau, idan ba ka shiga cikin cikakken bayani na aiki na irin wannan na'urorin, mafi kyau ne da wadannan halaye:

• da daukan samfur mita a 48 kHz (a misali 44.1 kHz).
• zurfin 24 ko 32 ragowa (ko da yake da misali 16 ragowa).
• bit kudi 320 kbit / s kuma mafi girma (ko da yake da misali 128 KB / s).

More Search zažužžukan

Kamar yadda mita sigogi kamata la'akari da cewa da sauti na Dac iya maida yin amfani da sauti sigogi gane da mutum kunne. Yana da daraja a zauna a kan abin da za mu iya ji.

Gazawar mu ji kewayon daga 16 zuwa 20 Hz kHz (da kuma wani lokacin 22 ko 24, amma wannan shi ne m). Kuma duk manyan Dac sauti da aka bi a cikin wannan fanni. Tasha na gaba a kan gwaji hanya, samarwa da daya daga cikin rare online albarkatun.

Samarwa Dac gwaji hanya

Don gwajin kullum dauka waje na'urorin, ba hadedde saundkart saboda ana yi ĩmãni a yi da halaye na wani tsari na girma ƙananan idan aka kwatanta da na waje kayan aiki.

A sharuddan ake amfani a high quality-sauti zuwa Dac aka gwada a kan tushen da AudioDoctor FSQ 2006 fasaha, wanda, duk da haka, da aka asali tsara don gwada mota audio tsarin, da kuma kawai daga baya saba da gida yanayi. Na'urorin, kira a matsayin Dac, an haɗa kai tsaye via kebul-dubawa da kuma ta S / PDIF amfani da RCA unbalanced jimloli (daidaita jimloli XLR iya nuna sosai halaye daban-daban).

Own rawar da aka sanya Converter M2Tech HiFace Evo, da wanda sabobin tuba fayiloli a mafi zaa iya karanta format. The m gwaji da aka yi amfani da ASIO direbobi.

Rating Dac guntu a kan sauti

Wannan ya nuna sakamakon? Rating DACs a kan wani sauti kama da wadannan:

• Asus jigon III.
• Burson Audio shugaba Virtuoso 9018.
• Cary Audio DAC100.
• Tsirkiya 2Qute.
• Densen DenDAC 50;
• Fostex HP-A8.
• Arewa Star Design Supremo.
• Oppo HA-1.

A jerin ne sosai matukar, domin shi ne sau da yawa har ma fiye da m na sauti halaye, da kuma farashin.

Duk da haka, Cary Audio a kan wannan jerin nuna mafi girma yi da kuma sauti, kuma sitiriyo widening. Har ila yau, kada ka manta da cewa sauti DACs rating ya hada da wasu undocumented fasali na da irin wannan na'urar.

Amfani da sauti cards

Riwayar an tsara don amfani a sauti cards. Ta yaya ne Dac? Sound (manufa na aiki aka tabbatar) aka sake bugawa dangane da hira da sigina na dijital a shigar da su a binary code, kowane darajar wanda yayi dace a wasu irin ƙarfin lantarki, yanzu kuma cajin.

Dogarin na'urorin aiki a kan Reverse manufa. Amma idan ka duba kawai ga Dac, da sauti, da bayanin irin canji da za a tattauna a kasa da aka sake bugawa kawai a kan tushen da shigar da code. Domin ta ji tsarin yana amfani da wani misali PCM fasaha. Mutane da yawa, watakila, kula da cewa misali WAV-fayilolin alama musamman kamar yadda PCM.

Amma 'yan kawai da samuwa da Dac. The sauti siginar aiki da haifuwa ne ba zai yiwu ba tare da yin amfani da dace software kayan aikin kira codecs. Suna kawai saita har zuwa saundkarta iya gane mai shigowa data da kuma haihuwa da sauti daga jawabai. Codecs da converters a cikin wannan harka yi kamar wata gada a tsakanin wani lamba code da kuma "baƙin ƙarfe" na'urar (kama da yadda wani DirectX).

Sound cards, inda tushen ne amfani da wani Dac, kai ne yafi related to waje na'urorin, ba m, shigar a cikin Ramin a kan motherboard, ba a ma maganar Hadakar sauti kwakwalwan kwamfuta kamar Intel Audio kuma Realtek.

Dac (external sauti module ake nufi) iya sarrafa da kansa da nufin (domin wannan shi ne ya halitta). Amma a aika da sarrafa alama ga sake kunnawa na'urar ka bukatar ka da shi yi aiki daidai. Kuma a nan ba tare da lura da initialization shirye-shirye, da ake kira da direbobi, ne ba makawa.

na'urar direbobi

Mai sauti cards tsarukan da wani irin aka ƙaddara ta atomatik. Direbobi suna shigar da kansa daga database. Duk da haka, wasu na'urorin iya bukatar manual kafuwa, ba kawai direbobi ba, amma kuma da Associated codecs (misali, wani kunshin K-Lite Codec Pack).

Kada su shiga cikin wannan irin hanyoyin da duk Dac nuna kyau sauti shigarwa ko update direbobi (ajiye su har zuwa ranar), zai fi dacewa da taimakon musamman atomatik software updates. Daya daga cikin wadanda ke Driver Booster mai amfani da asali isa a yanar-gizo hanya hardware manufacturer, sa'an nan downloads da mafi yawan 'yan na'urar direba ta atomatik detects da integrates shi a cikin tsarin.

software

sauti aiki ta hanyar da Dac ba zai yiwu ba tare da ya dace software. Game da codecs da direbobi an riga an ce. Amma a nan an kafa wani mafi kyau duka sauti quality, ko audio aiki, kamar yadda da yawa sauti injiniyoyi, ba za a iya samar ba tare da yin amfani da software.

Ba a ma maganar da shigarwa na direbobi, shi ne kyawawa su da kwamfuta shirin kamar SoundMax. Irin wannan kayan aikin, da bambanci ga wannan tsarin aiki kayan aikin ba ka damar tara-tune.

Domin audio aiki ne mafi alhẽri yi amfani da musamman Editocin, a cikin abin da, ta hanyar, za ka iya ko canza default saituna, ciki har da samfurin kudi da kuma zurfin. Idan ASIO4ALL direbobi suna shigar a layi daya a cikin mafi sauti kunna panel canza halaye kamar yawan samfurori (msl, 512, wanda yayi dace da wani bata lokaci ba kudi na 10 ms), ba a ma maganar da ingancin sauti (msl, saita darajar ne ba 44100 Hz, da kuma , ce, 48 ko 96 kHz).

mobile Technology

Mafi sauti daga smartphone da Dac iya zama sosai sabani to kimanta. Kamar zaton, ga guda ga masu haifuwa low mitoci ake bukata m magana da diamita na 32 inci. Kuma inda a wayarka ko kwamfutar hannu, zai dauki?

Duk da haka, baicin za a iya bai wa masu kera wanda asali armashi, kamar yadda na farko-haife shi a filin na siginar aiki da kuma cikin wadanda suka kafa irin wannan fasahar. Sony Corporation - mai daukan hankali tabbatarwa.

Lokacin da ka zaɓi na'ura da za a fĩfĩta model tare da roba gidaje, saboda tunani na sauti a cikinsu da halaye da kuma matakin ne yafi hakan. Metal jiki ko idan da kafuwa daga cikin mafi iko Converter duba yawa weaker. Wannan shi ne saboda kawai ya nuna gaskiyar cewa da karfe garwaya da sauti. Haka kuma, da ya fi girma cikin sarari tsakanin babban haifuwa lasifika da murfin baya, da mafi alheri da tunani. Amma ya kamata ka ba overdo shi, kamar yadda ma manyan mai yarda zai iya sa illa, reverb ko ƙungiyar mawaƙa, ko fiye kawai, da sauti da aka gurbata a asalin version.

ƙarin Features

Kamar yadda ya bayyana, da Dac sauti aiki dangane da dijital binary code, ta amfani da canji a cikin irin ƙarfin lantarki da kuma mita. Amma a nan dole ne mu ma fahimci cewa kawai irin wannan halaye na da irin wannan na'ura ba iyakance. Daga cikin dukan sigogi da cewa an yi amfani da bayanin kowane Dac za a iya samu da yawa m dabi'u kamar mita-kalaman PCM daidaitowa sigogi. Wannan shi ne daidai asali manufa na da cikakken duk converters.

A cikin sauki harka, da shigar da alama bincike da kuma ta hira dogara ne a kan manufa da Summing da dabi'u na ƙarfin lantarki, yanzu kuma cajin da suke a dijital sharuddan iya dauka ko dai da darajar sifili ko daya (dogara ne a kan yanayi na aikace-aikace na binary code).

Dabam, yana da daraja da biyan hankali ga sigogi kamar bit, wani lokacin ma kira ƙuduri, ko da quantization mataki, da canja wurin da halayyar da Nyquist mita (daukan samfur), da kewayon da shigar da alama sigogi, monotonicity, da fitarwa watsi da canza data a wani lokaci, da biya diyya kuskure tsakanin ainihin siginar da sigogi samu a matsayin "manufa", na game da bambanci ba linearity halaye na bambancin a lura da bambanci a increments ya dnyh sakonni.

iya dace wa a transistor da wani abin da siginar da aka aika zuwa DACs kowane darajar binary code. Wayoyi converters kasu kashi layi daya da serial. Duk da haka, da suka suna juya zuwa shafukan mains, hulda da fitarwa.

Mafi yawa daga cikin na'urorin giggina dangane da matrix R - 2R, wanda shi ne daya daga cikin na kowa da kuma a halin yanzu a cikin yin amfani da Tsarin amfani kawai biyu dabi'u na juriya, tsakanin kasancewa a cikin wani rabo na 2: 1. Saboda haka, Dac an rage wa biyu gwajin hanyoyin: tabbatar da dalilin da irin ƙarfin lantarki da kuma na yanzu a cikin al'ada da baya video. Wannan nasarar makamantan uri na impedance siga da kuma rashin capacitive igiyoyin. Amma da hasara ne cewa, babban tushen ga zance yanayin ne gaban sosai low impedance. Bugu da ƙari kuma, ba shi yiwuwa ya aika da siginar zuwa amfani da wani resistor alaka a jerin zuwa wani tunani Madogararsa. Amma a cikin wannan makirci, dangane da aka yawanci ba a bukatar yin kasa.

Ya kamata mu ma ambaci abin da ake kira Delta-sigma daidaitowa, wanda shi ne alhakin da matakin na daukan samfur mita. Chanza (quantization) da aka yi tare da daya cajin, wanda shi ne dubun ko ma daruruwan sau iya wuce asali Nyquist mita. A interpolation tace amfani da daya daga cikin siginar hira mataki, binary code jerin canje-canje ta hanyar ƙara zeros ga low-mita data kõguna da raka'a - for high mita.

Tun da mafi yawan conductors ne duka aiki da mai amsawa matsakaicin lokacin gwajin daidaito ne kawai cimma lokacin amfani da karami kwane-kwane na baya kwarara, wanda rage-rage na inductance na igiyoyi kuma, kamar yadda wani sakamako, - ragewan amo. A ko da wani guitar effects feda za a iya ba a matsayin misali. Jita san cewa ƙara da na USB daga guitar da "na'urori", da mafi bango. Wannan halin da ake ciki mafi kyau misalta da fahimtar batun kwayoyin halitta.

Dac to load za a iya kai tsaye alaka. Amma domin wannan za a yi amfani da wani ƙarin na'urar kamar wani irin ƙarfin lantarki ko wani inverting op amp addashin kamar yadda buffer ko matcher. A lokaci guda ya kamata kuma magance tambaya na grounding wani makirci. Muna bada shawara ta amfani da samar da raba shafukan for dijital kuma analog part, saboda amo daga dijital da aka gyara na iya tasiri cikin analog ɓangare na cibiyar sadarwa. Wannan shi ne cimma ta amfani da wani bakin ciki waya ta amfani da ko biyu ciki biyu yadudduka ta cikin rami.

maimakon sakamako

Hakika, akwai wasu kimiyya ka'idojin da aka dauke da ko da fasaha al'amurran da suka shafi cewa talakawa mai amfani a general, shi ne gaba daya mara amfani. Amma, a ranar biyu tunani, wani lokacin ka'idar ilimi na iya zama da amfani sosai. A wannan fanni na sauti katin ba zai iya yi ba tare da sanin babban al'amurran da suka shafi ka'idojin da aiki da kuma daidai aiki na kwamfuta tsarin.

Zai yiwu wasu mutane sun ba tukuna gane cewa matalauta ingancin sauti da jawabai, shi ne kai tsaye related to da kayan aiki amfani. Kamar wancan saundkarta amfani ga masu haifuwa da canja sigina na dijital zuwa ta analog form, ya kamata ya kasance ne kawai da waje irin. Yana da wadannan na'urorin ba ka damar ji duk abin da ake hadedde ko m na'urar ba ya taka. An yi imani da cewa a cikin 80 bisa dari na lokuta, matsalar ta'allaka daidai a cikin wannan. Af, da yawa ayyuka kamar iTunes, Spotify ko wani abu dabam, "wasa" kawai a karkashin amfani da DACs. Akwai ma na musamman Tashar sarrafa manhaja a cikin nau'i na waje na'urorin da alaka zuwa your iPod, ba a ma maganar da sauran mobile na'urori.

Ba sai an fada ba tare da cewa shi ne ba na karshe rawa da mai magana tsarin ko belun kunne, saboda al'ada tsantsa sauti daga magana, da yiwuwa ne iyakance sauti halaye a matakin 20-10 000 Hz, shi ne kawai zai yiwu ba. Saboda haka, mafi yawan na'urorin a cikin nau'i na belun kunne kamata ba a yi amfani for mobile tsarin. Idan ya zo ga cewa, me ya sa ba sauraron kiɗa da belun kunne K99, kerarre da AKG, ko amfani da irin wannan na'urorin daga Sennheiser? Duk da haka, da zabi a yau ne babban isa.

Kamar yadda ya zuwa yanzu kamar yadda gwajin fasahar, wadda aka tattauna a sama, ba shi yiwuwa a gane ba tare da akalla asali sanin kimiyyar lissafi to bayyana yanayin sauti tãguwar ruwa, kuma ko da lantarki injiniya, saboda wannan horo samar da wani tsarin to fahimta a wani lantarki kewaye. Kuma, ba shakka, akwai aka bai wa kawai na asali summary bayani game da sigina converters. Don fahimta mafi cikakken a kan wannan batu, shi ne kyawawa don karanta ƙarin wallafe-wallafe.