Constellation Lyra - ƙananan harshe na arewa maso yammaci. Star of Vega a cikin constellation na Lear

A lokacin rani, sama a cikin dare marar tsafi yana da kyau sosai. Yawanci yawan lambobin da ke sama bayan an fara hutu. A cikin arewacin yanki, kusan a tsakiyar tsakiyar duniyar sama, zaku iya ganin taurari mai haske a saman kambin mai kallo. Wannan ita ce Vega, Alpha constellation na Lyra, wani ɗan sama samfurin, located a cikin wannan wuri mai kyau daga kwanakin ƙarshe na bazara da kuma tsakiyar kaka. Hoton kayan aiki na tsohuwar kaya, duk da girman girmansa idan aka kwatanta da maƙwabta, ya dade sha'awar masu nazarin sararin samaniya.

Muhalli da kuma siffar

Ƙungiyar Lear ta ƙunshi alamun sama 54 waɗanda ke gani daga duniya tare da ido mai ido. Kasashen da ke kusa da su a sama su ne Swan, Hercules, Dragon da Chanterelle. Gano mahangar haske na hoton, Vega, yana da sauki ba kawai saboda matsayi ba. Alpha Lyra - daya daga cikin tsalle-tsalle na triangle mai zafi, wanda ya ƙunshi cikakkun taurari da haske. Biyu sauran kusurwar da kaddamarda Deneb a cikin ƙungiyar taurari Cygnus , kuma Altair, Magana game da sama mikiya.

A cikin tsari, ƙungiyar ta Lyra tana kama da ma'aunin iska, wanda duk wurarensa ya bayyana a bayyane a cikin dare mai duhu. Ƙananan nisa daga ɗaya daga cikinsu shine Vega.

Constellation Lyra: labari

Kamar yadda ka sani, wannan samaniya yana dauke da sunan kayan kayan gargajiya. A zamanin d ¯ a Girka, wa] annan lyres sun yi tarin daji. A girmama dabbobi, ana kiran wannan kayan: kalmar "lyre" a cikin fassarar ma'anar "tarkon". A cewar labari, abu na farko, wanda zai iya yin sauti, ya ba mutane Hamisa. Lira ya kasance tare da mawaki mai suna Orpheus. A cewar labari, muryarsa da murya ta dauka ga gumaka da mutane. A can, inda aka ji muryoyin sautin, furanni suna fure kuma tsuntsaye suna rera waka. Orpheus yana da matsala: ya rasa matarsa, Eurydice, ya sauko cikin kabari, ya yi ƙoƙari ya koma, amma a karshe ya karya ɗaya daga cikin yanayin Hades. Da ƙaunatacciyar ƙaunatacciyar ƙaunatacce, Orfus ya kori murya kuma ya bar shi cikin shiru da bakin ciki don ya tsufa. Alloli, suna girmamawa kafin sauti na kayan aiki, sun dauke shi zuwa sama kuma sun sanya shi ƙungiya.

Mai ƙauna

Tauraron Vega yana haɗuwa da labaran layi, yana da asalin gabas. Japan da Sin mythology da dangantaka da shi da kyau aljanna, fadi cikin soyayya tare da wani mutum. The saurayi kuma sanya, a sama: wannan ne Altair na da ƙungiyar taurari na Eagle. Mahaifin allahiya, wanda ya san game da asirin asirin, ya yi fushi kuma ya hana 'yarsa ta sadu da zaɓaɓɓen. Tun daga wannan lokacin, gabar tekun Chile da Ganir sun raba su, wato Milky Way. Ana ba masu ƙaunar saduwa sau ɗaya kawai a shekara, ranar bakwai na watan Yuli, lokacin da dubban arba'in ke gina gada tsakanin su. Bayan daren nan allahn ya dawo da hawaye mai haɗari suna rabuwa. Ana ganin saurin sauƙin ƙasa daga duniya kamar yadda yake kwance a cikin meteors, Tsayawa.

Alpha

Taura mai haske a cikin ƙungiyar Lear tun daga zamanin d ¯ a ba wai kawai idanuwan masu ba da labari ba. Tana da sha'awar masana kimiyya. Matsayi na musamman na hasken da kuma hangen nesa ya jagoranci gaskiyar cewa yau Las Vegas - ɗaya daga cikin taurari mafi yawan sararin samaniya.

By haske, shi ya kasance wuri na biyar a cikin sama duka kuma na biyu a arewacin arewa bayan Arcturus. Girman girma na Vega shine 0.03. Yana nufin abubuwan da ke ajin na A0Va, yawansa ya wuce rana 2.1, da diamita - 2.3.

Future na Sun

Star Vega ne mai fararen fata. A cewar masana kimiyya, an yi shekaru 455 da haske. Ga wani mutum wannan batu ne mai ban mamaki, amma bisa ga ka'idodi na duniya, Vega ba ta daɗe. Don kwatanta, Sun ya haskaka shafin yanar gizon Galaxy don biliyan 4.5. Ƙarawar radiation da wasu halaye ba zai bada izinin babban star na Lyra ya wanzu na dogon lokaci ba. Masanan kimiyya sunyi hasashen cewa furanni yana fama da lalacewa bayan kimanin shekaru 450,000.

Standard

Dangane da matsayi, Vega yana da cikakken nazarin, wanda, a gefensa, ya kasance yana tabbatar da muhimmancin wani misali a cikin astronomy. Daga tsakiyar karni na 19, girmansa ya ƙaddamar da ƙarfin da dama masu haske. Vega ya zama aya daga taurari bakwai a wannan nisa daga Sun cewa ƙurar ƙura ba ta ƙetare radiation ta fito daga gare su, bisa dalilin da tsarin UBV na photometric, wanda ya ba da damar ƙayyade wasu sigogi na jiki na masu faɗakarwa, an kammala shi.

Duk da binciken kirki na Vega, akwai wasu al'amurran da suka shafi shi, waɗanda basu samu amsoshi masu yawa ba. Ɗaya daga cikin su ya rushe "Alpha" mai suna "Alpha" a matsayin misali a cikin astronomy. A cikin karni na karshe, akwai "malfunctions" a cikin hasken tauraruwa. Bayanin da aka karɓa ya shaida cewa yana da damuwa. A wannan yanayin, Vega ana danganta shi zuwa taurari masu taurari. Babu ra'ayi mara kyau a kan wannan batu.

Juyawa

A cikin shekaru goma sha biyar na karni na 20, ma'anar fassarar launi na Vega ta kasance cikin shakka. Ya juya cewa Lyra Ly na da zafi da haske ga wakilanta na misali. Gaskiyar ita ce ba ta sami cikakken bayani ba sai shekarar 2005, lokacin da aka samu bayani.

Ya bayyana cewa Vega yana juyawa kewaye da ita a babban gudun (mai nuna alama ya kai 274 km / s a kusa da mahadin). A karkashin irin waɗannan yanayi, siffar kayan abu na ruɗi ya canza. Vega ba ƙarami ba ne, ko tsaka-tsalle, amma ellipse, wanda aka haɓaka tare da tsinkaya kuma ya ƙera a ƙwanƙolin. A sakamakon haka, akasin al'ada, kudanci da kudancin kusurwar tauraron suna kusa da wurin zafi mai zafi fiye da yankin mai tsaka. Rashin sandan ya damu sosai.

Wannan zancen ya tashi a cikin shekaru 80 na karni na karshe kuma an lura da shi a cikin shekarar 2005. Yana bayyana duka haske mai ban mamaki na tauraron, da haske.

Fitar

Lashi yana da halin da ya fi dacewa: yana da kullun ƙura. Ita ne farkon hasken da ya samo irin wannan samfurin. Kulle ya ƙunshi ragowar abubuwa masu ruɗi da suke haɗaka da juna a kusa da tauraron.

An gano ganowar diski ta hanyar binciken wani wuce haddi na radiation infrared daga Vega. A yau, duk masu faɗakarwa da wannan halayen suna sanya "Vega-like".

Wasu siffofi a cikin tsari na ƙurar ƙura suna nuna cewa a kusa da alpha na Lyra ya canza babban duniya, kamar Jupiter. Duk da yake ba a tabbatar da wannan bayanan ba, idan wannan ya faru, Vega zai zama tauraron haske mai haske da duniya.

Sheliak

Daga cikin abubuwa masu ban sha'awa na kayan aikin kida na sama ba kawai Vega ne ba. Constellation Lyra yana da dama mahara star tsarin. Hannun masana kimiyya sun fi janyo hankali ga Sheliac, Beta Lyra. Yana nufin fitilar haske mai haske. Wannan tsarin yana kunshe da dwarf mai launin fari-mai launin fari da kuma babban, amma mafi girman tauraron fari, wanda yake zuwa babban jerin. Ana rabu da su ta kilomita 40, wanda ya zama karami ta hanyar sararin samaniya. A sakamakon haka, abu daga daya daga cikin sahabbai ya ci gaba da gudana zuwa wancan.

Gas da ke motsawa daga "mai bayarwa" yana kirkirar raga mai zurfi a kusa da "mai karɓa". Bugu da kari, taurari biyu suna kewaye da gashin gas, suna ba da wani ɓangare na kayansa a fili.

Asalin asalin masarufin sahabbai ya bambanta. Mai bayarwa na yau ya fi ban sha'awa. Bayan lokaci, sai ya juya ya zama babban dangi kuma ya fara ba da kayansa. Yanzu an kiyasta yawanta a rana ta uku, yayin da wannan siginar a cikin aboki yana daidai da ƙananan fitilu 13.

A wasu nisa daga babban maƙalli shine tauraron na uku, beta Lira B. Da haske, yana da sau 80 fiye da rana. Beta Lira B yana nufin sau biyu na spectroscopic (tsawon lokaci ne - kwanaki 4.34).

Epsilon

Ƙungiyar ta Lear tana da tsarin tauraron da ya ƙunshi abubuwa hudu. Wannan hoton Lyra, zuwa kashi biyu na Epsilon 1 da Epsilon 2, koda lokacin da aka duba su tare da binoculars. Kowane ɗayan su biyu ne masu haske. Dukkanin huɗun sunadaran taurari ne da suke da su a matsayin Sirius. Epsilon 1 da 2 sun juya tare da tsawon shekaru 244.

Ring da ball

Kusan kowace siffar sama tana iya yin alfahari da kyakkyawan ƙwayoyin magana a "ƙasar". Lissafin Lyre ba banda. Hoton hoton sararin samaniya, wanda ke tsakanin gamma da beta Lira, yana bayyane akan asalin sunansa. Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙaƙwalwar Ƙaƙwalwar Ƙaƙwalwar Ƙaƙwalwa Yana ƙawata da ƙungiyar Lear, wadda ta kasance a nesa kusan shekaru 2,000 daga duniya. An kiyasta shekarun nebula a shekara dubu biyar da dubu biyar. Zaka iya ganin ta tare da binoculars. Kyakkyawan haske daga cikin nebula ne saboda radiyon ultraviolet wanda aka fara da dwarf. Da zarar shine ainihin tauraruwa mai tsananin gaske.

Ba da nisa daga nebula aka located globular star tari M56. Abokan maƙwabtansu, duk da haka, sune tunaninsu: M56 yana da shekaru 32.9,000 daga duniya. A cikin hotunan, yana kama da wani wuri, wanda aka kwatanta da tsakiyar, inda yawan tauraron tauraron sararin samaniya ya yi yawa. Akwai kimanin taurari 12 masu sauƙi. Ƙungiya ta duniya tana da wuyar tsinkaya tare da taimakon kayan aiki mai son, saboda ya ɓace a kan bayan Milky Way.

Lyra - ƙungiyar maɗaukaki tana da ƙananan, amma duk da haka ban sha'awa. Ana wakiltar wakilan abubuwa masu yawa daga wadanda ke nazarin astronomy a kan "ƙasar". Tauraruwar da taurari da ke kewaye da Lira na iya zama masu ban sha'awa da kuma dacewa da hankali. A gefe guda kuma, Vega kadai yana da isasshen "kwance" dukansu. Musamman idan muka tuna cewa irin girman taurari na wannan tauraron, akwai yiwuwar, an ƙaddara a kan bayanai akan Alpha Lyra. Wannan siffar sama, ta haka ne, zane-zane ne na zane-zane na "ƙanana da tsoro". Duk da haka, ana iya faɗar irin wannan labarin game da ƙwararrun labarinsa, lyre na Orpheus.