Coagulation - abin da yake da shi? Dikodi mai na jini coagulation: Manuniya da kuma kudi

"Coagulation - abin da yake da shi?" - tambayi a mamaki, marasa lafiya da suke aka aika zuwa dauki irin wannan bincike. A gaskiya ma, talakawa mutane suna fuskantar wani irin binciken infrequently, yawanci a cikin shiri domin zaɓe na tiyata. Alama aiki ambatacce, kuma duk mata masu ciki. Analysis na coagulation tsari na dauke da wani yaro ne kowane trimester.

Karkashin m kalma binciken ainihin zub da jini. Saita da karatu sigogi iya bambanta dangane da dakin gwaje-gwaje. A analysis ne da ke nuni da tura. A cikin farko idan aka ƙaddara kawai a wanda kai tsaye danganta clotting aiwatar take hakkin ya faru. Coagulation tura - irin bincike, wanda, a Bugu da kari ga ingantaccen da kuma gwada yawa karatu da kuma lahani. Yana za a iya amfani da su gano platelet cuta, daban-daban thrombosis, rashi na wasu clotting dalilai da kuma kama. D.

A sa hanyoyin amfani da su samu sakamakon dogara da na asibiti hoto, da irin Pathology analysis. Ya kamata a lura da cewa kwafi na jini coagulation - wannan shi ne babban kalubale ba kawai ga layman, amma wani lokacin ma ga likita. Yawanci, domin ya yi wani cikakken ganewar asali, yana daukan 'yan kyau-zaba gwaje-gwaje.

Kan aiwatar da jini coagulation

Bari mu bincika yadda da clotting tsarin ayyuka. A mataki na farko da wani sinadaran ko inji lalacewar jirgin ruwa ganuwar da aka kasaftawa thromboplastin - musamman abu triggering coagulation dauki. Sa'an nan, kunnawa da clotting dalilai faruwa - takamaiman sunadaran da kullum ko da yaushe ba a cikin jini da kuma samar da wani site na rauni da jirgin ruwa bango thrombus samuwar.

Bugu da ari, thrombin (a halitta bangaren na coagulation tsarin sakamakon prothrombin) activates da m gina jiki fibrinogen, sabobin tuba da shi a cikin wani aiki fibrin gudan jini siffofin da akai. The abubuwa na jini, ciki har da platelets, "sarƙafewa" a cikin cibiyar sadarwa na fibrin. A sakamakon haka, jini platelets gudan jini yanka da guga man samar da wata balagagge thrombus rufe lalata jijiyoyin bugun gini bango. A bambanci, da jini coagulation tsarin a cikin jiki kuma ayyuka protivosvertyvaniya tsarin. Tare da suke ba ka damar kula da jini a wani al'ada jihar.

clotting karatu a ciki

Kamar yadda aka ambata a riga, kowane trimester, da kuma a wasu lokuta, kuma mafi sau da yawa, mata masu juna biyu za coagulation. Mẽne ne, kuma me ya sa yake da shi wajibi ne, mata masu san ganin an. Gaskiyar ita ce, a lokacin gestation baby aiki na coagulation tsarin a matsayin dukan da aka inganta. Wannan abu ne na halitta aiwatar hade da abin da ya bayyana uteroplacental jini da'irar magani. Expectant uwa don haka shirya domin yiwu asarar jini a lokacin haihuwa.

Don gane fasali na jini clotting da kuma wasu matsalolin da ciki samar coagulation. Shige bincike a unscheduled sau likita zai iya tambaya idan akwai sabawa daga al'ada hemostatic sigogi (aka gyara na jini da jini, wanda damar hulda kula da mutunci da jijiyoyin bugun gini ganuwar da kuma hana zub da jini a hali na lalacewar). Jini ga nazarin dauka da safe a kan komai a ciki daga jannayẽnsa.

Dikodi mai na jini coagulation

A binciken da sakamakon bincike da ya kamata a takaitawa wani gwani. Ba mallakan sani na musamman, mutane ba za su iya zuwa decipher da coagulation sigogi da kuma tantance su mataki na sabawa daga cikin misali dabi'u. Bari mu yi kokarin fahimtar da intricacies na aiwatar da bayyana ainihin sigogi na nazari.

1. Fibrinogen

Wannan gina jiki da aka hada a cikin hanta, sunã mãsu jũyãwa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar wasu jini dalilai to fibrin. Wannan adadi dole ta hada da coagulation na jini. Al'ada fibrinogen - 2-4 g / l. Idan shi, sun ƙaru, da nufin clotting ya karu, kuma akwai hadarin na jini clots. Yawanci, wannan halin da ake ciki ya auku a gaban haihuwa, ciwon huhu, bayan tiyata, tare da kamuwa da cuta da kuma kumburi daga m yanayi (da tarin fuka, mura), tsokar zuciya infarction da kuma bugun jini (na farko day), tare da konewa, hypothyroidism, na baka hana kuma estrogens. Rage fibrinogen iya zama saboda yawan guba, cirrhosis ko hepatitis a cikin tsanani da tsari, da wani rashi na bitamin B12 ko C samun androgens anabolic steroids, kifi mai, anticoagulants.

2. kunna m thromboplastin lokaci (APTT)

Coagulation nazarin lokaci a lokacin da, bayan dangane da jini alli chloride da sauran abubuwa kafa jini gudan jini. Idan akalla daya coagulation factor ne kasa da kullum da 30-40 bisa dari, aPTT matakin canji. A talakawan kudi ne 30-40 seconds. A lokacin na iya kara da bitamin K rashi, cutar hanta. Dalilin tsawaita da aPTT kuma a matsayin sakamako, m coagulation iya zama hemophilia.

3. Lupus anticoagulant

Wannan siga ko da yaushe yana dauke da coagulation. Menene wannan adadi? Wa zai gaya. Wannan antibody IgC da IgM, entailing da karuwa a cikin aPTT. Yadda aka saba, mata masu ciki, ya kamata su ba za a samar. Antibodies bayyana a cikin hali na autoimmune cututtuka, gestosis. Pregnancy tare da wannan Pathology sau da yawa haifar da maras wata-wata zubar da ciki, fetal mutuwa ko infarction na mahaifa.

4. Prothrombin

Yana da wani hadadden gina jiki da cewa shi ne mai precursor na thrombin (mai gina jiki da cewa stimulates da samuwar jini clots). Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci Manuniya na coagulation. Prothrombin, tare da sa hannu na bitamin K da aka hada a cikin hanta. Bayan an yi nazarin wannan darajar, wani likita zai iya gane Pathology gastrointestinal fili da kuma hanta.

5. The prothrombin lokaci

A lokaci a lokacin da jini ta ƙara cikinta alli chloride, thromboplastin da fibrin gudan jini kafa. Wannan adadi da aka bayyana, a seconds kuma shi ne kullum daidai da 11-15.

6. Prothrombin fihirisar (PTI)

Coagulation sau da yawa ya shafi daidai wannan zabin maimakon baya daya. Wannan ne rabo da clotting lokaci na al'ada adam jini da kuma jini na haƙuri, ya bayyana a matsayin mai yawan. A al'ada prothrombin rabo kamata bambanta tsakanin 93-107 kashi. Dalilai na wannan siga aka hada a cikin hanta Kwayoyin, cutar hanta da yawan an rage, saboda haka IPT Can zuwa wani mataki bauta a matsayin siga ga kayyade aikin Jihar jiki.

Idan PTI ta ƙara, don haka clotting ne ta ƙara, kuma akwai wani hadarin thrombosis. Girma, na iya faruwa lokacin da shan baka hana kuma a karshe watanni na dauke da wani yaro. Rage daga cikin prothrombin index nuna wani tabarbarewar jini coagulation Properties. Da samuwar prothrombin hadaddun abubuwan da dogara a kan bitamin K, duk da haka ta hasara, malabsorption a cikin hanji (dysbacteriosis, enterocolitis) da kuma na iya haifar rage IPT. Har ila yau, wannan na iya haifar da shan high allurai asfirin, diuretics.

7. Thrombin lokaci

Wannan ne lokacin da lokacin da fibrinogen an canza kama zuwa fibrin. Its normative darajar - 15-18 seconds. A karuwa a cikin wannan index aka lura a wata nakasar rashin fibrinogen ko a mai tsanani hanta lalacewa. Akan rage siga, watau akan rage thrombin lokaci, ya nuna gaban paraprotein (immunoglobulin gina jiki) ko wani wuce haddi na fibrinogen. Yawanci, da nuna alama darajar iko a lokacin jiyya fibrinolytics ko heparin.

8. Antithrombin III

Yana da wani mai hanawa na thrombin, mai gina jiki anticoagulation tsarin. Ya na da depressing sakamako a kan coagulation tsari. Level nuna alama ƙaddara da dauri na thrombin a cikin gwajin samfurin (hanawa). Average darajar antithrombin III - 71-115 kashi. Rage saitin zuwa 50 bisa dari na al'ada entails hadarin thrombosis.

A definition wannan nuna alama yana da muhimmanci musamman ga mata masu ciki da shan anticoagulants. Wadannan kwayoyi suna amfani da yaro-hali, a lokacin da jini clotting ne ta ƙara, kuma akwai hadari na samuwar placental insufficiency, ciki ƙarshe.

9. D-dimer

Wannan shi ne wani muhimmin nuna alama ga ganewar asali na thrombosis, wanda ya hada da coagulation. Wannan siga nuna? Ya bayyana matakai na thrombosis da fibrinolysis. Yadda aka saba, D-dimer ne kasa da 248 NG / ml. A matakin nuna alama an fara girma a farkon matakai na ciki. Don barin siga darajar iya wuce na farko uku zuwa sau hudu. An dauke da kullum. A mafi girma kudi a mata da rikitarwa hanya na ciki (preeclampsia), kazalika da waɗanda suke shan wuya daga koda cuta, ciwon sukari.

10. Platelets

An hannu a samar da hemostasis platelets. Suna kafa a cikin bargo. Normative darajar - 150-400 dubu / ml. A wasu lokuta, a cikin m mata iya samun wani karu a platelet count zuwa 130 dubu. / L. Muhimmanci karu a jini data abubuwa da ake kira "thrombocytopenia" da kuma na faruwa a sakamakon rage samuwar platelets, kara amfani, ko hallaka. Tare da kasa abinci rage platelet samuwar. A DIC, wanda za a tattauna a kasa, shi ne aka bayyana a siffa da maikacin jini ƙaruwa.

11. DIC

Hulda da platelets, coagulation dalilai da fibrinolysis tsari na samar da wani ma'auni tsakanin coagulation da anticoagulation tsarin. Idan wani daga cikin wadannan links zai sha cuta a ciki zai iya sa wasu tsanani da rikitarwa. A mafi hatsari na su ne ya watsa intravascular coagulation. Yana tasowa a sakamakon da kunnawa da fibrinolytic tsarin da coagulation tsarin. A mata masu ciki, da Sanadin DIC iya zama ruwar embolism, wanda bai kai ba detachment na mahaifa, endometritis.

12. The antiphospholipid ciwo (APS)

Yana da wani hadadden na cututtuka da cewa faye hali thrombosis (venous da jijiya). Mata tare da APS da wani babban hadarin ashara da ya faru na maras wata-wata zubar da ciki, domin a cikin wannan harka da karuwa a yawan kayayyakin da Mahaifa an gaji da damuwa da kuma tasowa fetoplacental insufficiency. Don gane asali anti-phospholipid ciwo, ta ƙara thrombogenesis a Bugu da kari, kuma gane antibodies ga m harsashi membranes (phospholipids).

a ƙarshe

coagulation dauke Manuniya ba iyakarsa. Kamar yadda muka gani a sama, da selection na musamman sigogi domin binciken dogara a kan daban-daban dalilai. Sakamako na bincike zai zama samuwa Kashegari bayan bada jini.