Clerical manne: abun da ke ciki da kuma aikace-aikace

Clay ya zama abokin mutum rayuwa na dogon lokaci. A farko m, bisa ga archaeologists, ya bayyana 9500 shekaru BC. Ya aka shirya daga daban-daban aka gyara na dabba da asali. Kashi da jijiya, kifi Sikeli, da na halitta resins sun babban aka gyara daga cikin m taro. Clerical manne ya fi na kowa, kamar yadda amfani da yawan daga kananan zuwa manyan.

samar da manne

A concoction na halitta kayan da dabba sharar gida amfani da kakanninmu zuwa 20th karni.

Lokacin da kimiyya suka fara samar hanzari, mutane sun fadada ilimi game da inganci da kaddarorin kayan da abubuwa, ya fara bayyana wucin gadi da aka gyara don ƙirƙirar wani m. A farko suka karbi lamban kira ga sabuwar dabara na manne zama Himik Leo Bakelanda. Wannan ya faru a 1901. Kuma a cikin 1909 ya kafa dokar kare mallakar fara massively nuna phenol-formaldehyde glues da ciwon watsin. Clerical manne bayyana a cikin marigayi thirties - farkon 40 ta karni na karshe.

Yanzu ga yi na manne amfani high-tech kayan aiki. Tsari mai sarrafa kansa mafi. A halin yanzu shuka iya yi da dukan tsari, daga samar da vial tasirin a kan lakabin.

A zamani kasuwar

Kowace shekara, da sinadaran masana'antu samar da fiye da miliyan 100 kunshe-kunshe takarda manne.

Sales yawa domin shekara da aka kiyasta a wani kasa da $ 10 miliyan. Masana'antun ce cewa bukatar clerical manne ba girma, amma ne barga. Canza form a cikin abin da samfurin da aka gabatar da su. Akwai sabon iri na pencils, lambobi da kuma kaset da high m halaye. A mafi high quality-kayayyakin samar da irin wannan kasashen Korea ta Kudu, Rasha, da Malaysia da kuma Jamus.

Nufa m

Manufar kowane m wakili - mai hade da biyu saman. Suka sãɓã wa jũna a cikin abun da ke ciki da kuma manufa. Bã su da wani daban-daban wari, da launi, suna bushewa da kuma wadanda ba bushewa. Stationery m amfani ga gluing takarda da paperboard na daban-daban yawa. Har ila yau, ana iya amfani da ga m dalilai.

m halayyar ofishin:

• Bushewa.
• Frost-resistant.
• M ko fari.
• Yana iya zama wani ruwa da kuma wani m.

A manufacturer kamata samu takardar shaidar da ingancin kan manne ofishin. A abun da ke ciki an gwada wa yawan guba da kuma yarda da muhalli da bukatun.

Iri takarda manne

Manne ne wani ruwa type: silicate da PVA manne ofishin.

Halaye na silicate manne damar da amfani a rayuwar yau da kullum. Na biyu sunan - ruwa gilashi. Ana amfani da a cikin kasa da tattalin arziki. Domin takarda shi ne, ba m, shi ne karfi da shimfidawa. A cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, shi ne amfani da kasa akai-akai.

Clerical manne PVA glues sauƙi takarda, kwali, takardunku. Neman yana da shi ne, shi ne mafi danko sosai, wanda damar da aikace-aikace don sarrafa ta yada.

A abun da ke ciki na m for stationery

Silicate stationery m abun da ke ciki wanda ya bayyana da sunan da, yanzu amfani da more a yi. Its main aka gyara: a silicate, polysilicates na lithium, sodium da kuma potassium. Sai ya faru ne kawai a cikin ruwa form.

Clerical manne PVA yana da wani kwafi: polyvinyl acetate. Yana da wani ruwa-ruwa bayani daga abu da Bugu da kari wani plasticizer da gyaggyarawa. Baya Bugu da kari, akwai wani m manne ofishin. Its abun da ke ciki na iya bambanta a asali abu. Wannan na iya zama wani polyvinyl acetate (PVA) ko polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). PVA manne iya zama da dama brands cewa ayyana da ƙarfi:

1. Universal.

2. Super Karin.

Don amfani a cikin ofishin bukatar farko aji. Super Karin za a iya amfani da a samar da furniture da kuma gina.

siffofin kunshe-

Clerical manne da aka sayar a wasu siffofin marufi. The ruwa m aka kunsasshen a cikin kwalabe na daban-daban masu girma dabam. Babban bambancin - shi ne wani nau'i na wani bututu da kuma hula.

Super - hula ne kunkuntar, elongated, kwance hula. Manne ne amfani da surface ta wajen wani hula.

Cap - da buroshi da ake amfani da mafi sau da yawa a cikin kwalabe da silicate manne.

Shi ne dace don amfani mai m ruwa daidaito.

Cap - duck ta tuna da kawai ya fi girma super-hula yana da fadi bude.

Clay - stationery fensir ne yanzu ya fi na kowa daya. Shi ne mafi dace don amfani. Amfani da sauƙi, ba yada, shi ne tattali, yana da kyau kwarai m Properties.

M Fesa - wani sabon irin takarda manne, wanda kuma taimaka wa manne itace, kumfa da karfe.

Amfani da wata takarda manne a gida

Mutane sami har yanzu da yawa hanyoyin da za a yi amfani da manne ofishin. Bayani dalla-dalla ba da damar fadi da yin amfani da shi a rayuwar yau da kullum. Mun gaba la'akari da yadda za ka iya har yanzu amfani da silicate manne ko PVA manne.

Silicate manne ko ruwa gilashi - wani abu da ake amfani a yi. Babban manufar yin amfani - waterproofing.

Bambance-bambancen karatu na yin amfani da wani silicate m.

• An kara cikin Paint for facades. An ilmantar juriya.
• Jiyya na ganuwar da benaye a cikin gidan wanka sealing.
• Ana amfani da waterproofing tushe.
• Kara domin karfafa da kuma kankare to samu sabon iri mafita.
• Yi amfani ga yi na musamman putty wanda m da ruwa bututu.
• Impregnated masana'anta zai zama da karfi m kayan.
• Lambu bi pruning bushes wuri da kuma kare da cutarwa kwayoyin.
• Su rufe surface da za a kare daga daukan hotuna zuwa ultraviolet radiation.
• Amfani ga wanka da datti jita-jita da kuma farantai.

Girke-girke domin kau da coke daga pans amfani da wani silicate m.

A wannan hanya, ta hanyar amfani da mu grandmothers da kuma babban-grandmothers. Wajibi ne a dauki wani karfe tasa ko manyan kwanon rufi. A da shi a zuba tube silicate m. Don ƙara sama duk da kwanon rufi da murfin. Da damar sa a kan wuta, kuma tafasa. Hanyar mu'ujiza, tare da jita-jita zuwan kashe duk carbon adibas. Bayan duk kayayyakin dole ne sosai rinsed a karkashin ruwan famfo. Akwai irin wannan girke-girke da Bugu da kari na da sabulu da kuma soda ash.

PVA manne ne ma da aka sani ga magina da kuma furniture fasãdi.

Bambance-bambancen karatu na yin amfani da wani PVA manne.

• Yi amfani da lokacin tattaro furniture.
• To samar da kafet zuwa bene.
• Abin dogara idan kayyade da linoleum.
• Amfani ga gluing tiles.
• Zai zama da amfani a gare pasting fuskar bangon waya.
• Kara da share fage da kuma filler a ruwa-tushen paints.

PVA manne ya sami shahararsa saboda ta ba-yawan guba, da wuta, high bonding iya aiki da kuma sauƙi na amfani. Suna iya manne takarda, fata, da gilashi, zane, roba, karfe.