Da dama versions na sa Baty bai je Novgorod

Active manufofin kama sabon ƙasashe a cikin 12-13 karnoni, da gudummawar da ci gaban da nomadic pastoralism da kuma son kama da yanci gaya arziki makwabtaka da mafi tasowa, Amma da yaƙin neman zaɓe da Novgorod, Batu bai dauki wuri. Tun da makiyaya ta samar kõme ba, fãce abinci ga bukatun su, luxuries da suka addabi ko a cikin shakka daga cinikin, ko (wanda ya sau da yawa) a kan aiwatar da looting da kuma fashi da makami. A kasashe makwabta, mangolawa ga wani ƙi da ciki jayayya, da yiwuwar ya fara wani yaki na ci sun cikakke. Bari mu bincika me ya sa Baty bai je Novgorod.

Girma na Genghis Khan ta dũkiyarku a cikin 13th karni

Great Khan ta sojojin kama da wadannan yankunan:

• Tsakiya da kuma Middle Asia.
• Kudancin Siberia.
• Khorezm tsakanin biyu dauloli.
• Arewa Caucasus.
• Ci Jojiyanci-Armenian da sojojin da kuma Alans.
• Sea na Azov.
• Rasha-karya Polovets jam'iyya a kan p. Kalka.

Bayan rasuwar Genghis Khan a 1227 ikon mallakar daga cikin Mongol Empire ya kasu kashi da yawa ulus. Shugabanni sun zama 'ya'yansa maza, da jikoki.

Da shawarar da Mongolian balaguro zuwa West

Da shawarar da ci na Rasha ƙasa da aka sanya a babban taron da Mongol nobility (Kurultai) a 1235. Mongolia sosai shirya don yaki. Da dama da shugabanninmu, da shugabanni, da kuma mafi kyau nukers mangolawa dauki bangare a cikin wadannan dogon lokaci tashin. Kamar yadda yammacin daular mallakan makiyaya tafi Batu, jikan Genghis Khan ya jagoranci wani gangamin a wadannan arziki asashe. Dalilin shi ne Gabashin Turai.

A farkon da mamayewa na Batu

Domin kare ya raya, Batu ci Polovtsian kabilu na farko, sa'an nan halakar da Volga Bulgaria. Wannan jiha ya daina wanzuwa. A 1237 da nomadic sojojin tafi a kan Arewa-Eastern Rasha. Mangolawa ƙone a lokacin mamayewa da kuma gilla halakar da wadannan birane:

• Ryazan fadi bayan wani mako kewaye.
• Hadayu Kolomna, Tver, Pereyaslavl, Moscow.
• Bayan kwana 4 na kewaye, sun kai hari da kuma kona Vladimir.
• 2 makonni heroically tsayayya, amma sai ya fadi Torzhok.

A babbar yawan biyu manya da kanana ƙauyuka na Arewa maso Gabas na Rasha da aka hallaka, tare da mazauna a lokacin kaka-hunturu 1237-1238 shekaru lokaci. Farko na bazara da kuma rashin iyawa ga matsawa nauyi kuraye a kan cike da laka ƙasa ya zama daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa Baty bai je Novgorod. Mangolawa bai isa birnin wasu 100 km.

Na biyu mamayewa na Batu ta sojojin

Ci gaba soja na kama wani shekara daga baya, a sake a cikin kaka-hunturu. Sai ya kama Crimea, ya fadi kuma ya ƙone Kiev, Galich, Vladimir-Volyn, wasu birane a yankin kudu da yamma na Rasha. Batu sa'an nan rarraba rundunarsa. Part tafi Poland da Hungary, da sauran - ga Baltic Coast.

Me Baty bai je Novgorod? Saboda da sojojin koma a cikin wasu shugabanci. Kama Sandomierz, Lublin, Krakow, Wroclaw. Yaren mutanen Poland da kuma Jamus Knights suka ci. Mongol hordes shagaltar da Hungary, Austria, Croatia, ya tafi ƙasar Dalmatiya, da Jamhuriyar Czech, ya zo Vienna, gabatowa Venice. Karifan kama Turai Batu m, da ciwon samu bayanai game da mutuwar Khan Udegeya a Karakorum. Duk da haka, ba ta kõmãwa zuwa Mongolia, Batu Khan kafa jihar a kan ƙananan Volga, suna Zolotaya Orda. Gẽfunanta miƙa daga Danube da Irtysh.

Amma abin da game da Novgorod?

Tambayar da lokacin da Baty kama Novgorod, yana daya amsar: shi bai faru ba. Na biyu Mongol mamayewa ba guda yaƙin neman zaɓe. Batu jagoranci kãmun yankuna warwatse jerin hare-haren. Khan, yana nuna karfin soji da sojojinsa, ya bukaci birni ya sallama ta Nuker. Kawai taurin tsayayya da ƙauyuka da aka lalata.

Aikin mika wuya shiri biya indemnity Khan dawakai, abinci da kuma fodder. Bugu da kari, sojojin makiyaya da dabbobinsu da kuraye iya ba kullum yãƙi a cikin sharuddan ravines, gandun daji, da kõguna da swamps. Wannan Marshes da spring narke a karo na biyu to soke yakin neman Batu Novgorod kuma taimaka babban birni don zama impregnable.

A lokaci guda, Novgorod kira ga kariya daga Livonian Knights mamaye Arewa-Maso-Yamma na Rasha, Aleksandra Nevskogo. Zai yiwu gaban wannan matasa kwamandan tare da wata tawagar kuma taka rawar gani a ceton da birnin daga nomad hare-hare.

Wani version na amsar wannan tambaya game dalilin da ya sa Baty bai je Novgorod, ya ce bayan da hunturu kakar a Rasha kauyuka ne kusan babu reserves na abinci ga dabbobi. Ruining kauye, shan cikin shirye domin hunturu hay manoma, makiyaya ciyar da dawakai, da na shanu. Su na da dakatar a yankin soja mataki, kamar yadda akwai kome ba don ciyar da dabbobinsu.