Bunin, "The Village": summary, bincike da kuma sake dubawa

Ga m karatu, kuma sunã nẽman ta fahimci da kuma fuskanci babban yanayi na gargajiya Rasha kauye, ba shakka, za a iya shawarar karanta wannan labarin. Rashin iyaka gaskiya da kuma zurfin ma'anar aiki na Ivan Bunin rubuta. "A cikin ƙauyen" - wani littafi na ra'ayi ta kuma kawai mai karatu, kuma zuwa ga mafi kyau zukatan Fatherland. Wannan aiki ya ga ya Sahaban da kuma litattafansu wahayi da kuma gargadi.

A labarin "The Village" - Far Shock

Bisa ga zurfin da ya gabatar da wannan novella ne ire-iren su da labari. Ta farko ya nuna gazawar hukuma ra'ayoyi a kan peasantry, gabatar a fili da kuma fili m talakawa da masu karatu gaskiya game da abin da vulgarity da rashin bege na zaune mafi Rasha.

Beastly rayuwa kayyade sani tir kyauyen. Karkara lumpen Koshel ba ma iya magana game da su kwaikwayo na Caucasus Mountains. All ya kulawa don yi guna-guni - shi ne "wani dutse a kan dutse". A kauyen hanyar zuwa kimiyya for kids aka rufe. Su horo a wani yan makaranta ne mai tsohon soja, jahilci da kuma inarticulate. Ya, maimakon su koyar, rawar soja yara.

A rayuwa na manoma ne illogical, m. Top nuna idiocy wani mutum mai suna Gray. Ya gina gidan, amma bai Stock Hauwa'u na sanyi weather da itace. A cikin hunturu, otaplivaya gidan konewa Gray rufin sa'an nan ya sayar da kansa da kuma gidan. Bugu da ƙari, tare da mafi daga ƙasa, ya kulawa don zama matalautan mutumin a cikin kauyen. An wannan episode Misalin data kasance yankunan karkara hanyar fadin Rasha?

Perot master gabagaɗi, warai da kuma sama-sama ya nuna da panorama tsaoho, "kogon", a talauci-soke County rayuwa.

The ban tausayi zanen mutane vegetating a gaban masu karatu bayyana Bunin. "A cikin ƙauyen" haskaka jigon wannan ƙi, wanda yana daga serfdom, mirgina saukar daga tsara zuwa tsara. Mutane wahala a whirlpool na ruhaniya impoverishment. Saboda kewaye qarya, da kishi, meanness, ƙiyayya, sata ko da haske na su rasa su lamarinsa, mafarkai, da burin jama'ar. Kokarin gina rayuwa na farin ciki ne m don cim ma wannan.

Kada embellish, ba idealize rayuwar wani baƙauye, ba ya gabatar a cikin shi da wani wucin gadi da kuma m jituwa Bunin. "A cikin ƙauyen" - wani aiki da gaskiya. Wannan girma da kuma panoramic. Marubucin wani lokacin tare da m lyrics, amma mafi sau da yawa tare da m gaskiya buga mana labarin rayuwar 'yan'uwa biyu Krasovo: Tikhon a Kuzma, zaune a kauyen tare da halayyar suna - Durnovka.

A samfurin na komawa da baya Rasha

Wannan aikin wadannan da ta buga a watan Nuwamba 1910 ya kai ga wani mataki mai kaifi baki kawai a Rasha al'umma. Ko da ake zargi da ƙiyayya da Rasha da aka Bunin. A labarin na "The Village" - da samfurin na wani grotesque, da gaske nuna cẽwa Rasha rayuwa. Amma gaskiya na rubuta Bunin! M maƙaryata, da ake kira populists sun gagara aiwatar da shirinsa na tsananin sauti zalunci da Ivan. Domin nan gaba lashe Maxim Gorky interceded.

Kamar yadda marubucin labarin da aka warai ji nuances mutane ta rai! "M, mu da mutane! Motley rai! Wannan kare ne mai tsarki mutum, sa'an nan ... Sam kan ni kuka."

Takaitacciyar da labarin. 'yan'uwa biyu

A farkon shekaru leoyan labarin, da 'yan'uwansa Kuzma da Tikhon, tare tsunduma a harkokin ciniki. Amma ba ga tsawo. Sosai daban-daban suke. Tsakanin su akwai wata jayayya, da kowa ya kama rayuwa hanya.

Duka 'yan'uwa ne shrewd mutane. Sun yi aiki kamar yadda mãkirci labarin ne ba kawai 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, extras a cikin kewaye gaskiya, amma kuma ba su da wani zurfi ra'ayi.

Tikhon - tattalin arziki mutum. Ya na da karfi nufin da shi ne iya sashe da ya shirya: cire masauki, akwai aka shirya da shagon da kuma bude wani tavern. Da basira da manyan gona albashi. A sakamakon samun kudin shiga Tikhon aiki a matsayin na farko babban birnin kasar don saya mafi girma zamantakewa matsayi. Ya fara saya har ƙasa da burodi a kan saman gidan haya suka ba su da kasuwanci acumen. A sakamakon ta m, kuma m management Tikhon sayayya yankunan karkara gidan gona a Durnovka inda ko da kakansa wani serf.

Kuzma - iyawa, kakkarya talauci da rashin tunani

Biyu antagonists zumunta wanda aka nuna a cikin littafinsa mai Bunin ( "A cikin ƙauyen"). Takaitacciyar da samfurin tare da girmamawa ga m nema Kuzma za a iya bayyana a sakamakon wata kalma - rikicin.

Daga yara ya aka damu da wani irin sha'awar koyon. A makwabcin, juyayi, sanar da shi zuwa ga karatu da rubutu. Saba haihuwa akordiyon-shuka a cikin shi wata soyayya na wallafe-wallafe. Kuzma so ya zama wani marubuci, sai kokarin tsara ayoyi, to gaskiya gaya wa mutane game da kewaye ugliness na rayuwa ... tausaya ma ya gaya game da hali a aikinsa Bunin ( "A cikin ƙauyen"). Analysis na ruhaniya nema na wannan butulci Anarchist, farko mawãƙi "nadsonovskogo" type a Rasha tafiyad da wani ruhaniya kai-flagellation, ba zai iya zama sha'aninsu dabam. Kuzma ne mai ban tausayi adadi, ya ke kokarin zama ruhaniya a soulless al'umma. Ya farko dooms kanta zama 'yan raguna zuwa mayanka, iyawa da "fuka-fuki kashe karya," azabtarwa "al'adar da kuma bukatun."

Shin sauki wallafe-wallafen aiki

Rubuta musu lãbãrin juya a kira su unclaimed. Sa'an nan Kuzma gudanar ya buga tarin da ya waqe.

Duk da haka, ya lura cewa, wannan yunkuri ne mai rauni cikin sharuddan da matakin da rubuce-rubuce. Bugu da kari, marubucin da kuma rasa aka tilasta ciyar more shafi tunanin mutum da ƙarfi ga samun arziki, fiye da wa wallafe-wallafe. Ya so domin kerawa ba su samu goyon baya da taimako. Kuzma ya wanke saukar, farga da invincibility na mutum rashin tunani. Domin kaina, wannan m mutumin rasa addini gano biyu ra'ayoyi: wani sufi ko a kashe kansa.

Sai a wannan mawuyacin halin da ga shi ga sulhu wa tambayi Tikhon, miƙa zama magatakarda a samu dukiya. Gabatowa da rabin karni shekaru, wana ya yanke shawarar zo sharuddan da Kuzma. Ya gãfarta masa, da kuma wani hali, da kuma sauran bukatun.

Kuzma aka yi wahayi zuwa. A karshe ya samu damar zuwa sama real albashi. By rana ya jagoranci lissafin kudi littattafai da kuma tsaron dukiya da dare. Amma nan da nan sai ya gane cewa aikinsa ba su kai ga riba.

A halin yanzu, tattalin arzikin tafi haka-haka a wani matalauci kauyen gidan gona Durnovka.

Sa matsalolin da Ƙasar noma

Village theme a cikin ayyukan Bunin idon basira da kuma philosophically gaskiya: ba za ka iya gina farin ciki a kan wata masĩfa daga wasu.

Karkara al'umma a farkon na XX karni ya rasa ta solidity, kwanciyar hankali, anciently fastening duka Rasha statehood. A wannan gangami Trend, ya rubuta a cikin littafinsa mai Bunin ( "A cikin ƙauyen"). Reviews m masu karatu sun lura da cewa, a sakamakon abu da kuma akida stratification na 'yan kyauye apocalyptic, ƙin kowa da komai a kan lumpen Deniska irin.

The sosai rustic nouveau riche Tikhon Krasov wani samfurin na rarrabuwa da kuma lalata. Bayan duk, a gaskiya, ya gina dukiyarsa a wani lokaci na janar impoverishment, sayen ƙasar da kuma nemowa Estate a cikin wannan hanya. Its ci gaba ne short-rayu. Ya ji shi yana fama: ko da samun da hannayensu a kan dũkiya, ya ne m ya hana wannan m, apocalyptic lalacewar cikin Rasha, bada Yunƙurin ba dama, kuma shi da kuma matalautan manoma Durnovka ga auka daga cikin dukan jihar na'ura.

Tikhon da kasa kafa a kan Estate wata al'ada noma, ko da yake ya yi mai yawa kokarin kokarin shirya shi. A cikin kasawa ya zargi intransigence da fushi gida maza. Babu shakka cewa yana da sayar da Estate a wani unfavorable farashin.

Zunubi Timoti Krasova

The real, ta zamani, zamantakewa matakai ya ya bayyana labarin Bunin ( "A cikin ƙauyen"). Executive Summary wannan aiki ne don tabbatar da cewa tattalin arzikin Tikhon ji warai m for sirri dalilai.
Ya mafarkin na wani babban iyali, amma matarsa juna biyu da wata yarinya, kuma aka haife su matattu. A hakika, sabon mai shi daga gidan gona, kafin shekaru hamsin shekaru, sha wahala daga Loneliness. Ya ko da ya fara sha. "Ba tare da yara da mutum - ba wani mutum, don haka obsevok wasu .."

Sa'an nan Tikhon samu kansa a lover of matasa baƙauye, Avdotya dafa, aiki a cikin dukiya. Ya yi zunubi, tare da ta ne da nufin - so a sami yaro. Duk da haka, wannan bai faru ba. A kan dangantakar da ke tsakanin Avdotya Tikhon zarar koya manoma Durnovka, kuma ta zama wani jẽfaffe. Kuma ina ya tafi zuwa ga so: a cikin bukukuwan wuya a ciki.

Wannan ba shine kawai episode inda arbitrariness a yankunan karkara al'umma na ambaci a cikin labarin Bunin ( "A cikin ƙauyen"). Analysis samar classic, gaggawa tãyar da samuwar, manoman ilimi. Marubucin ya kira mafi kyau Rasha zukatan kuyi wani ruhi da na sadaka tsakanin talakawa mutane.

Timothy sani da ya laifi

Mugunta da kuma son kai arziki mutumin ya shiga cikin kauyen da kyau a game da matasa mace Avdotya, watse ta rayuwa saboda sha'awar da yara. Ya ba su son shi. Zai yiwu shi ya sa, a lokacin da ɗan'uwansa, Kuzma, aiki a matsayin magatakarda, rashin lafiya, daga Avdotya ya ba su sami wani taimako ko juyayi. A akasin wannan, da mace bar dukiya, da barin shi kadai kokarinsu na samun kariya ga kansu ba tare da ikon.

Daga baya Tikhon, jin ya na sirri laifi kafin mace yanke shawarar bayan duk shirya ta rayuwa, za a aure kashe. Duk da haka, ya so a yi mai kyau karshen sau daya a bala'i don Avdotya. The kawai Guy yaudare da kudi Tikhon kuma amince da su yi aure, Denis tabbatar da zama la'ananne. Shi ne quite iya score har mutuwar matarsa. Ta shi ne tsoron da m.

Babban tambaya da labarin

Wannan aiki, duk da ta bayyana Locality (events faru a kauyen Durnovka), sa daya mamaki game da rabo daga cikin dukan ƙasar. Sane da irin kalubalen gaba da lokaci, tare da m kirki rubuta Bunin.

A cikin ƙauyen (sake bitar masana sun sunyi baki daya) USSIAN mafi kyau sojojin na al'umma domin kauce wa wani zaman jama'a masifa kamata nan da nan za a fara yin gyare-gyare. Gaskiyar shine kafin "Village" Bunin babu daya tsanani karatu da matsaloli na peasantry a Rasha. Zai yiwu, saboda haka, marubuci kuma an zabe wani girmamawa memba na Rasha Academy of Sciences.

A mafi basira review da labari ya Maxim Gorky. Ya gane cewa ya rubuce-rubuce Bunin bai rubuta game da takamaiman manoma ko kauye, ya ne a cike da karfi na da basira, ya tambaye shi a kan Hauwa'u na game zamantakewa masifa: "Don zama ko ba su zama Rasha?".

Labari expressiveness abun da ke ciki wajen

Abin mamaki da mutuncin aikin Bunin "The Village." Its abun da ke ciki qunshi wani jam'i na toshe-, a cikin hãlãye tare da daban-daban na biyu haruffa, grotesque characterizing hali janar ƙi da kuma bayyanar a cikin kasa girmamawa hallakaswa yanayi. Shimfidar da marubucin labarin, ba cikawa, cikawa zamantakewa al'amurran da labarin, "daji masu launin coci", "m kandami lãka," "dung dam", "m rawaya ruwa." Kuma wani lokacin a cikin wuri mai faɗi images Bunin ko shiga asiri kashi, kamar wani scene a Rain "bude baki da duhu" zubar da "deathly blue haske".

Apocalyptic motif ƙi sun mamaye dukan labarin "The Village." Bunin maximizes shi a karshe scene. Creepy bikin aure kara seleji, ja matarsa - wani jẽfaffe kauyen da m ango - a tsakiyar wani mummunan Blizzard. Guests kiran su zuwa ga bikin aure, buga mahaukaci kururuwarta, creepy yayin da rawa.

Creative Hanyar marubucin

Ana sa ran cikin tambaya: "Me ya sa yake haka classic quntata batun bayanin?". Lalle ne, me ya sa ilimi, zurfin fahimtar rayuwa farkon XX karni Rasha ba tsince shi ne ire-iren su almara "yaki da zaman lafiya"?

Dukan abu - a cikin m hanya, wanda aka yi amfani da Bunin. "A cikin ƙauyen" amsa mu tambaya a fili da kuma concisely. Amsar da aka dauke a cikin labarin da kanta. Daya daga ta heroes, kuma tare iyakarsa tattaunawa game da sararin Rasha: "Haka ne, shi ne duk - kauyen ...!".

A littafin ne game da Rasha

Shi ne game da dukan na Rasha rubuta Bunin! A labarin na "The Village" - wani labarin game dukan ƙasar, da 'yan'uwa Krasova - ne da mafi kyau maza - ma'aikata, ta gishiri na duniya, iya ta m, kasuwanci acumen, halitta iyawa canza rayuwa a kusa da. Suka gaske iya yi da shi. Amma ba a kasar inda kowa da kowa - kansa, kuma kowa da kowa - da duk! Anatomy halaka, deactivation na asali m m m "kogo rayuwa" ya nuna Bunin. Akida Krasova yan'uwa hankali Fade, sun fara bi daidaitawa da lamirinsa ...

ƙarshe

Ivana Alekseevicha Bunina iya kiranta wani mutum kolenonepreklonnym. Ya, kamar yadda befits wani classic, rai ji ta shan wahala, da barazana da kuma fuskantar kalubale da su. Farga da apocalyptic nufi a Rasha jama'a, yana kama da mutum a amince, ko da daraja da kuma ra'ayoyin da ƙarfi ya yi gargadin compatriots.

Saboda haka tsare ga shi, ba wanda ya rubuta game da halakar daya daga cikin babban tushe na statehood a farkon na XX karni. Baƙauye kasar a nuna na karni da aka gaske matalauta, rasa fuskarsa, wanda ya rasa da manufa na ci gaba.

Rasha kauyen image Bunin bayyana mana warai da kuma sama-sama. A cikin misali na kauye Durnovka Krasova 'yan'uwa da kuma marubuci ya iya nuna general rikicin na dukan kauyen kayayyakin more rayuwa: zamantakewa, ta ruhaniya, da halin kirki. Classic da wani presentiment na zuwa barazana ga rushewar da Rasha jihar.