Brix - shi ne cewa a cikin kungiyar? Abun da ke ciki da kuma manufar Brix

BRICS - kasa da kasa ƙungiya cewa zamani masana la'akari da su zama sosai alamar rahama a cikin sharuddan na tattalin arziki da kuma watakila siyasa hadin gwiwa tsakanin kasashe mambobin kungiyar ta. Lokacin da hulda da jihohi a cikin tsarin na wannan kungiyar ne mafi aiki? Mene ne yiwuwa ga jawo ƙarin ƙasashe?

BRICS: da nuances na sunan

BRICS - ciki har da sanannun da kuma sosai m, bisa ga kwararru da yawa, kungiyoyin kasa da kasa. Akwai wani ban sha'awa bangare na BRICS - dikodi mai. Nishadi da kuma ma tarihin asalin wannan raguwa. Yana tsaye ga, ba shakka, shi ne mai sauki. Amma da farko akwai bukatar a fassara a cikin harshen asalin. The asali acronym sauti kamar BRICS. Kowane wasika - na farko a cikin suna daga kowane BRICS kasar. List of jihohin na ga Union, kamar haka:

- Brazil (Brazil).

- Rasha (Russia).

- India (Indiya) .

- China (Sin).

- Jamhuriyar Afrika ta Kudu (South African Republic).

Saboda haka, jam'iyya a tambaya, samar da biyar jihohi.

Amma da farko akwai 4. The raguwa a farko version ƙirƙira by Jim O'Neill - American tattalin arziki a Goldman Sachs. Wallafa daya daga cikin lissafin takardu na banki a 2001, ya yi amfani da BRICS acronym, denoting m tasowa, wanda ya hada da aka ambata da mu sama, tare da togiya daga Afirka ta Kudu. Jim kasaftawa, don haka Brazil, Rasha, Indiya da China a matsayin kasar, wanda zai iya zama riba da su zuba jari saboda su m tattalin arziki.

Gwamnatin zabi kasashe, bisa ga yawa manazarta, wasu har, ya yaba da gwani ra'ayi na Goldman Sachs, kuma ya kasance daga lokaci zuwa lokaci sadarwa a kan batun samun manufa daya a ci gaban tattalin arziki. Tun 2006, bisa ga Extended version of Vladimir Putin ta himma, a taron tsakanin shugabannin jihar na BRICS, kazalika da da sa hannu na manyan jami'an wadannan kasashe da aka gudanar a kai a kai. A shekarar 2011, tare da acronym BRICS (dangane da haduwa da ikon cewa, samar da jam'iyya, tare da Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Kudu) a duniya labaru da aka sau da yawa ya bayyana daban-daban kalma - BRICS. Deciphering kasar, alama ta Jim O'Neill, sa'an nan Afirka ta Kudu da kuma gaba daya shirya. A jerin haruffa ba ya nufin wani abu cikin sharuddan rinjayar daya ko wani jihar - shi aka zaba bisa ka'idojin euphony.

ƙungiya sansanonin

BRICS - shi ne mai babbar hanyar jam'iyya, amma ba a hukumance wani zamani tsarin, kamar NATO ko na MDD. Ta ba shi da guda hankali nufi, hedkwatar. A lokaci guda shi ne ake kira akai-akai "kungiyar." Daga cikin key cinikayya events, shafe dukan ƙasashe cewa, samar da ƙungiya, - da taron kolin kungiyar. Tarurruka da ake gudanar a kasashe daban-daban. Gamewa da tushen ayyukan wannan duniya tsarin, kamar yadda muka gani a sama - tattalin arziki. Wani key burin na fuskantar BRICS - shi ne ya gabatar da zamanintar da tattalin arziki tsarin na kasashe masu tasowa. Saboda haka, masana sun yi imanin, to wannan kasa da kasa tsarin iya zama a nan gaba da su shiga cikin sabuwar kasashen da tattalin arziki a miƙa mulki.

Saboda haka, kasashen BRICS - shi ne wata kungiya, wanda aka halitta da manufar hadin gwiwa bayani daga matsalolin tattalin arziki da wani yanayi. The siyasa girma na hadin gwiwa tsakanin jihohi a cikin wannan kungiyar, kamar yadda da yawa masana yi imani, an bayyana quite rauni. Duk da haka, akwai yiwuwar ya karu co-aiki na daidai bangaren. Ka yi la'akari da wannan nuance a more daki-daki.

The siyasa girma na hadin gwiwa

A gaskiya, da ka'idodin da kayyade yadda za a sauti da acronym BRICS, deciphering abin da kasashe mambobi ne na jam'iyya, ana yafi halin da tattalin arziki da tushe. Jihar daidaituwa karfafa karkashin shawara kahu a kan gaskiyar cewa su sayar da tsarin kasance mai shudewa kuma, a lokaci guda samun saurin bunkasuwar. Kuma saboda, kamar yadda muka gani a sama, da yiwuwa ga canji na kungiyar tarayyar a cikin wani siyasa dogon bayyana kusan babu wani daga cikin shugabannin wadannan iko. A general, wannan matsayi ne da aka gudanar da shugabannin kasashen BRICS a yau.

Duk da haka, masana suka ce da cewa Rasha da China ko ta wani hanya shafi siyasa halin da ake ciki a duniya, idan kawai ga dalilin cewa zo akai-akai a cikin kwamitin sulhu na MDD. Kuma shi ya sa - duk da cewa har da dacewa al'amurran da hadin gwiwa a BRICS bayyana ba da yawa - kwararru sun kiyasta da m na kungiyar a cikin harkokin siyasa mahallin ne sosai high. An yi imani da cewa ko da a yanzu, a cikin halin yanzu halin da ake ciki a duniya mataki, kasashen BRICS raba kowa ka'idodinta matsalar warwarewa. Saboda haka a nan gaba, masana sun ce, da hadin gwiwa tsakanin jihohi da tarayya, a cikin harkokin siyasa jirgin sama na iya zama isasshe aiki.

BRICS tattalin arzikin

A cikin sharuddan sikelin da kasa da tattalin arziki tsarin na cikin kasashen da yin sama da BRICS, ƙungiyar - daga cikin mafi iko a duniya. Saboda haka, game da 27% na duniya GDP a cikin kasashe biyar karatu. A muhimmancin ci gaban kasashen BRICS 'tattalin arziki, musamman kasar Sin, damar da wasu masana tattalin arziki sun ce an dace rabo na kasa da kasa kungiyar a cikin tattalin arzikin duniya zai ci gaba da girma.

Yana iya lura da cewa, kasashen BRICS suna da wasu tattalin arziki specialization cewa taimaka wa m amfani da daya ko wani jihar. Shi ne wajen al'ada, amma sun fi mayar da nuna takamaiman tsarin kasa da tattalin arziki tsarin. A musamman, da Rasha, tattalin arzikin ne da karfi a kudi na albarkatun, da Sin - a kudi na masana'antu, India - godiya ga ilimi albarkatun, Brazil - saboda cin gaban aikin gona, Afirka ta Kudu - kamar yadda a cikin hali na Rasha Federation, ta nagarta na albarkatun.

Duk da haka, duka daga cikin kasashen BRICS da isasshe dama na tattalin arziki tsarin. Saboda haka, kusan dukkan su, ba kawai a kasar Sin, ci gaban inji aikin injiniya. Brazil - daya daga cikin shugabannin duniya a fagen yakin da jirgin sama, Rasha - daya daga cikin duniya most makamai exporters, wani gagarumin yawan wanda aka kerarre dangane da na'urorin fasahar zamani.

Kasashen na zuwa Association dauke, kamar yadda da yawa masana yi imani, za a iya yadda ya kamata tsayayya da rikicin. Alal misali, koma bayan tattalin arziki na 2008-2009, wanda ya shafi mafi yawan jama'ar duniya, ba ma pronounced tasiri, kamar yadda wasu masana suka yi ĩmãni, a kan tattalin arzikin na biyar, kasashen BRICS. Kowace daga cikinsu iya, musamman, nan da nan isa ya mayar da GDP, wanda a lokacin rikicin, kazalika a cikin hali na raya ƙasashe ki.

Daga cikin mafi mashahuri tunanin cewa zai iya zama quite muhimmanci ga tattalin arzikin duniya, masana nuna wa nufi na kasashen BRICS don ƙirƙirar sabuwar duniya banki, wanda shi ne a karkashin kai tsaye iko da jihohin a cikin jam'iyya.

A tattalin arziki sharuddan, wannan alliance yanzu, manazarta ce, ya yi zamani da duniya multipolar. Akwai jagora a cikin bangare na ikon yinsa, daga jihar na tsarin tattalin arziki - Amurka. Duk da haka, da tattalin arziki da damar da ba su yafi hakan fiye da wadanda na fi na kasashe dauke da ƙungiya. BRICS - a kasar tare da GDP a iyaka sun daloli. Total ga dukan jihohi - kusan kamar yadda yake da tattalin arzikin Amurka. Akwai version cewa sayen ikon parity tsarin tattalin arziki da hada guda kasa - China - ba na baya ga Amurka.

Ka yi la'akari da ƙayyadaddu na sakawa da rawar da jihohi ulla wannan BRICS. A abun da ke ciki na wannan ƙungiya da aka bayyana a sama. Shi ne Brazil, Rasha, Indiya, Sin da kuma Afirka ta Kudu. The fasali na kowane daga cikin jihohin da takamaiman to su sa hannu a cikin ayyukan da karatu duniya tsarin.

yiwuwa ga Indiya

A cewar wasu manazarta, India shiga wani jam'iyya da manufar zamani ta kasa tsarin tattalin arziki. Kamar yadda ka sani, a shekaru 90 da gwamnati na cewa Jihar soma wani manufofin tattalin arziki sake fasalin kudin, ci gaban samar, da aiwatar da yaki da cin hanci da matakan. sikelin, a cewar wasu masana, kamfanonin da aka za'ayi. A sakamakon haka, India yanzu - daga cikin mafi girma a duniya tattalin arziki cikin sharuddan GDP. Godiya ga hadin gwiwa tare da kasashen BRICS, kasar na da damar yin amfani da sababbin hanyoyin fasaha da kuma kwarewa daga cikin sauran} asashen.

China ta moriyar

Organization na BRICS, kamar yadda da yawa masana yi imani, ne bayyananne jagora a cikin bangare na tattalin arziki. Muna magana ne game da kasar Sin. Lalle ne, kasar Sin a yau - na biyu bayan Amurka tattalin arzikin a duniya. Yana ci gaba da girma cikin sauri. Duk da haka, ko da yake gwamnatin kasar Sin ya kai undoubted nasarorin da ci gaban tattalin arziki na jihar, kasar ne a akai search for abokan dogaro a duniya mataki. Daya daga cikin kayan aikin kafa alamar lambobi ga kasar Sin iya zama kamar wannan jam'iyya na BRICS. Hawan keke dacewa sadarwa, China, manazarta ce, an gano sabon kasuwanni ga dukiya, abin dogara kaya na raw kayan, da m masu zuba jari.

Rawar da Afirka ta Kudu

Afirka ta Kudu - a kasar da cewa yana dauke daya daga cikin mafi tattalin arziki tasiri a cikin nahiyar Afrika. Duk da haka, da matsayin a raya kasa ta kiyasta ta kwararru da yawa a matsayin kadan nedotyagivaet. Kuma saboda hannu a cikin BRICS ga kasar iya zama daya daga cikin yiwu tashoshi na bunkasa tattalin arziki domin cimma yi halayyar da mafi m, a cikin bangare na tattalin arziki na Amurka. Hulda da kasashen BRICS, kamar yadda wasu masana, ya riga ya gudanar ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a siffata da m muhimmancin raya yankunan da yawa daga cikin Kudu tattalin arzikin Afrika, jawo zuba jari da kuma gano da mafi kyau duka auna a waje cinikayya.

Rasha da kuma kasashen BRICS

Rasha yana da sararin albarkatun, kazalika da muhimmanci, kamar yadda da yawa masana yi imani, fasaha m. Wannan ya sa kasar mu m a cikin bangare na zuba jari a cikin daban-daban duniyoyin. Musamman a yanzu, a lokacin da, saboda fadowa man farashin da bai tabbata al'amurra da su game da nan gaba kuzarin kawo cikas, shi wajibi ne ya sarrafa da tattalin arziki. Bi da bi, da BRICS - ne mai babbar kasuwar domin Rasha Federation (daga ra'ayi na aiwatar da key fitarwa kayayyakin). A cikin dogon lokaci - wani kayan aiki don jawo hankalin zuba jari, musamman a cikin ra'ayi na yiwu takunkumi a da karfi domin hadin kai a tsakanin Rasha da kuma kasashen turai.

Brazil a cikin BRICS

Brazil yana da, a cewar masana, da dama, daya daga cikin mafi daidaita a bakan na kasa da tattalin arziki tsarin na kasashen BRICS. A abun da ke ciki na wannan tattalin arzikin kasar za a iya daukan isasshe iri daban dabam. Ci gaba da kuma aikin noma, da aikin injiniya. Saboda hulda da sauran 'yan kasashen BRICS, Brazil iya sa ran don jawo hankalin sabon zuba jari, kazalika da samun damar yin amfani da latest masana'antu da fasahar. Bi da bi, da Brazil da kwarewa a gina tattalin arziki da shugabanci model aka kiyasta ta kwararru da yawa kamar yadda sosai tabbatacce. Yana iya riƙe iko, da fuskantar matsaloli a ci gaba da kuma zamanintar da kasa da tattalin arziki tsarin.

yiwuwa ga BRICS

Mene ne BRICS - kwafi na wanda kasashe suna kunshe a cikin jam'iyya - mu koya. Yadda m ne cewa kamfanin mukamansu a nan gaba za a updated tare da sabon yan wasan kwaikwayo? Abin da kasashen BRICS za su iya yi? Don wadanda masana sun hada da, musamman, Mexico, Indonesiya da kuma Iran. Kasashen BRICS, jerin wanda muka ba a cikin sosai farkon labarin, ta haka, shi yana iya zama ba a cikin mafi girma da lambobi.

Mafi m, shi zai zama jiha, tattalin arziki ya yiwuwa ga category na kasashe masu tasowa. Domin su shigarwa cikin wannan duniya alliance ne shibtarsu da haƙiƙa dalilai da alaka da zamani na kasa da tattalin arziki. A musamman, na zamani tattalin arzikin Iran, kamar yadda masana suka yi ĩmãni, yana fuskantar wasu matsaloli a cikin bangare na hulda da kasashen waje kasuwanni. Accession ga kasashen BRICS zai bude up for ta kasa tsarin tattalin arziki mai babbar dama.

Duk da haka, masana, kimantawa da al'amurra na kara ci gaba da na jam'iyya, sau da yawa mayar da hankali ne a kan gaskiyar cewa ga kowane daga cikin kasashen kafa ta ainihin yawan takamaiman matsaloli. Alal misali, kasar Sin, kasancewa daya daga cikin karfin tattalin arziki a duniya na iya fuskantar wani rikicin siyasa ci gaba. Kwaminisanci tsarin, bisa ga wasu masana, na iya asusu domin wasu matsaloli tare da canja wurin da tattalin arziki zuwa cikakken fledged kasuwar tattalin arzikin. Bi da bi, Brazil bata da cikakken warware matsalolin da dangantaka da administrative tsarin, da hadaddun matsalolin zamantakewa. A Afirka ta Kudu har yanzu bai rinjaye da sakamakon mulkin wariyar launin fata. Indiya ne ma ba sosai kare daga yiwu zamantakewa crises (saboda gaskiyar cewa misali na rai na mafi yawan jama'arta ba su sosai high). Babban matsalar da Rasha, a matsayin masana sun ce - ma babban rabo na farko kansu a cikin tattalin arzikin kasar. A sakamakon haka, a lokacin da farashin man sun auku da rabin, da ruble depreciated kan Amurka dollar a kusan wannan rabo. Sake gina Rasha na kasa tsarin tattalin arziki quite wuya. Duk da haka, wannan na iya zama kamar guda da ya inganta da kara hadewa da mu tattalin arzikin da kasashen BRICS.

A ci gaba da wannan duniya jam'iyya, kwararru da yawa hade da intensification na harkokin sadarwar siyasa tashar jihohi. Sama mun lura cewa dacewa al'amurran da hadin gwiwa a tsakanin kasashen biyu ya zuwa yanzu ba ya nuna da yawa. Duk da haka, manazarta yi imani, jima ko daga baya, za ta yi tattalin bukatun da siyasa. Wannan na iya zama saboda, musamman, ya nuna gaskiyar cewa kasar "Big Bakwai" na iya zama gasa a cikin BRICS al'amari ne da muhimmanci sosai ga yankunan da yawa daga cikin kasuwannin duniya. A musamman, a cikin Sphere na kasa da kasa kudi. Gaskiyar cewa, kasashen BRICS za su haifar da kansa banki, mun muka gani a sama. Yana nufin, bisa ga yawa manazarta, madadin zuwa yanzu duniya Tsarin, kamar, misali, bankin duniya.