Borisov-Musatov, artist. Biography. halittar

Borisov-Musatov - sunan mai ban mamaki, a irin Rasha artist, wa anda ayyukansu nan take recognizable. An sau da yawa ake kira "da singer Noble gurbi". Daya iya ƙara "singer Lilac" - don haka sai ta ke da kyau a kan canvases, kuma haka mai yawa da shi - shi za a iya gani a zane-zane, kamar "Kai hoto tare da 'yar'uwarsa", "Spring", "May Flowers".

Azurfa wakilin Azurfa Age

Kerawa da wannan master, da mafi kyau da kuma mafi sanannen wakilin Volga art makaranta, yana nufin da symbolism, a maimakon haka, to ta mataki na biyu. Fenta Borisov-Musatov ne wani ɓangare na wani galaxy na m artists na Azurfa Age. Layuka na Anna Akhmatova "... Azurfa da kuma haske watan na Azurfa Age bayar da umarnin rike ...", wanda ya ba da sunan ga wannan lokaci, shi ne sosai dace da zane-zane na artist. Beauty, tsabta, zaman lafiya da natsuwarSa ...

Fitowan daga cikin shahararrun sunayen

Wane ne wanda yake - ve Borisov-Musatov? A baqaqen na sunan da patronymic na artist tsaye ga Victor Elpidiforovich. Rare mahaifin sunan daukan ta wuri a Rasha soja tarihi - a lokacin yakin duniya na farko, da dama gun-jirãge dauki sunan.

Afrilu 2, 1870 a tsoho ma'aikaci a tashar Elpidifor Borisovich Musatov zama uba, an haife shi yaro ne. A nan gaba artist ne ƙwarai, m na iyali, musamman kakansa, mai haske hali da kuma m, don haka alfahari da shi, da cewa sunansa - Boris - dauki laqani da Generic sunan Musatov. A sakamakon haka, da duniya ya sani da artist, sunansa - Borisov-Musatov.

Roll lokacin kira

Hakika, za ka iya rayuwa da wani karni da kuma bai sani ba game da wannan ban mamaki maye. Amma idan ka dubi hoto, kuma shi ne kyawawa retrospective (wanda yake shi ne ba yawa, kawai 77 - da artist ta rayuwa da aka sosai short), suna tuna har abada, da barin a ran wannan alama cewa wasu daga cikin ayyukan Turgenev, Tsarki ya tabbata duniya na lardin nobility. Viktor Borisov-Musatov ya ba wani zamani marubuci na baiwa. Wasu masu sukar sun zarge shi da zanen a cikin staging da mannerisms. Amma irin ayyukan matsayin "Manzon Allah Sallallahu gurbi", "Asya", zane-zane na artist - "Pond," "Jiran ga baƙi," "kawaicin da nake yi" - ne mafi kyau da misalai. Masana sun kira shi da wani aiki na zane-zane, elegies.

The ban tausayi hadari

The artist daga yara da aka kewaye da soyayya, wanda ya taimake shi ba don zama embittered da girma sosai da kuma sada mutum. Ya aka yaushe kewaye da mutane m zuwa gare shi. The ban tausayi hadari da cewa ya faru da shi yana da shekaru uku da shekaru - ya fadi daga benci, kuma a sakamakon wani kashin baya rauni a cikin kananan Viti ya fara girma a hump - gaske busa yaron ta kiwon lafiya. Daga baya Borisov-Musatov, wanda biography ne don haka takaice, da zan iya ba saboda matsananci yanayi don kammala St. Petersburg Academy of Art.

A farko hasken dake fitowa zuwa kerawa

Boy kokarin fenti da shekaru 6, 14 karshe yanke shawarar da ya zama wani artist, da kuma a 1886 ya zama wani dalibi na mai zaman kansa studio Peredvizhnik V. V. Konovalova. Ya tsunduma a cikinsa for 4 shekaru, lokaci guda halartar Lahadi makaranta N. Ananiev. Bayan kammala karatu daga horo a makaranta a 1898, ya ci gaba da samun ilimi a cikin studio a Saratov jama'a na art masoya.

A Saratov, babban m cibiyar (an san cewa, 'yan kasuwa su ne patrons), yana da matukar kyau tarin duniya art. Our matasa mahaliccin ziyarci ta kai a kai kuma ya dauki darasi daga wani ziyartar Italian artist G. Barakki. Saboda haka, Borisov-Musatov nasarar ƙware m ilimi zane. By 1898 shi da dangantaka da daya daga cikin na farko ayyukansu, kiyaye wannan rana, wata da kyau, a hankali rubuta fitar da fanned romance hoto "taga."

A farko tsanani horo

Tun 1890, Borisov-Musatov - dalibi na Moscow Art School. Amma kokarin koyi kamar yadda zai yiwu babban fasaha, sai ya tafi St. Petersburg, a cikin aji na P. P. Chistyakova. Saboda matalauta kiwon lafiya Borisov-Musatov koma zuwa Moscow, inda a 1893 ilmantuwa daga V. D. Polenova. A wani kokarin kara kamala, da artist a 1895, ya tafi zuwa Paris da kuma shigar da masu zaman kansu makaranta da ake kira "Atelier Cormon." Rundunar ta kasance wani shahararren mai zane-zane Faransa Fernand Cormon, aka bayar a 1880 saboda aikinsa da Tuli rinjãye, da kuma a 1898 ya jagoranci Faransa National School of Fine Arts. Kuma da zaman makaranta na Rasha painters ziyarci Roerich da Is'hãƙa Batyukov.

Paris lokaci

A Paris, Borisov-Musatov ta girgiza zane-zane na Puvis de Chavannes, Faransa symbolist, a cikin abin da bita a matsayin almajiri ba ya iya samun can. Hakika, a lokacin da yake ziyara a wannan duniya-gane cibiyar art Rasha fenta iya ba da aka saba da ayyukan da Impressionists kuma Post-Impressionists. Very kusa da shi ya juya ga zama m Auguste Renoir, Paul Gauguin da Berthe Morisot. Abin da wani kyakkyawan hoto fentin a wannan lokaci, "Cabbage da Willow!" Kamar yadda resonates tare da aiki na Impressionists! Amma mafi m da kuma tune da shi ya zama wani hoto-bangarori symbolist kungiyar "Nabis" (wanda aka fassara daga Ibrananci "annabi zaba" - don haka tsare kira kansu nabid). Yana hada Pol Seryuze (manajan), Per Bonnar, Eduard Vyuyar da Moris Deni.

Renaissance - kafuwar zanen

Mamaye dukkan zamani trends, dangane da m hadisai na tsohon Masters, Victor Borisov-Musatov, wanda zane-zane ne a gani na wannan interpenetration, ya ci gaba da kansa, recognizable style of rubuce-rubuce. Kuma, ba shakka, kamar duk artists na duniya, shi ne a cikin LOUVRE nazarin ayyukan shahara artists. Ya gunki ya Leonardo Vinci, wanda, a cikin wasu abubuwa, kamar yadda kowa, gudanar ya ci gaba da sfumato (m inuwa). A cewar Sahaban, Rasha fenta taba gushewa da haifuwa na "Mona Lisa".

Ã'a, mafi yawansu duk hotuna na Borisov-Musatov aka rinjayi da Italian Renaissance yan baiwa kamar Daga Angelico kuma Sandro Bottichelli. A kan aikin wani mai talented mutum mai rai ne dukansa mallakar da art, ba amma shafi ayyukan wakilan babban Venetian makaranta - Tintoretto, Titian da Veronese. Wasu daga baya zane-zane Borisov-Musatov rubuta karkashin ra'ayi, a cikin Italian style (a kan m zane zane amfani temperroy).

makõma take

Daya daga cikin na farko zane-zane na artist koma kasarsa fara zanen "Kai hoto tare da 'yar'uwarta," a cikin abin da ya jarraba da farko lokacin da za a gabatar wa m Credo - da real duniya image a matsayin kyakkyawan amsa kuwwa bygone baya. Ya zane-zane, a cewar wasu mawallafa, cike da makari rai na kallo. Ga halittar "Tapestry", wanda aiki a matsayin wani abin koyi ga duk wannan 'yar'uwar Elena, nuni da Moscow Association of Artists Borisov-Musatov ya aka bayar a 1902.

Don cikakken wakilci sauran hoto na kasashen, sau da artists cewa sun rinjayi da samuwar da m Credo na artist, ba a ma maganar da mai girma FS Rokotoff, kazalika da Japan kwafi, wanda aka musamman rare a wannan zamanin na Rasha Art Nouveau.

Samuwar basira

Bayan da "Kai hoto tare da 'yar'uwarsa" kamar wata hotuna, wato "Autumn muradi" da "jituwa", masana sanyã wa marubucin gazawar - da suka yi kama da wani lush costumed wasanni. A farkon karni XX Borisov-Musatov, wanda biography ne, Abin takaici, riga gabatowa ajalinsa, Na musamman farin ciki. A Saratov, ya kasance wani makaranta na kamar shiryayye artists wanda ya nuna aikinsu a shekara ta 1904 a cikin nuni "Scarlet Rose". Waɗannan sun haɗa da Kuznetsov, A. Matveev, M. Matyushin, Utkin da Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin. A wannan lokaci ya zama sosai m da Andrew White kuma Valeriem Bryusovym. Sun sadaukar zane-zane Borisov-Musatov ta sake zagayowar waqe-waqe. Game da dangantakar shahara kasida na Azurfa Age za a iya gani a posthumous labarin da Andrei Bely kishin Borisov-Musatov, "Mauve tutocin furanni."

Farin ciki da murna shekaru

A 1903, da artist aure ya soratnitse Elene Aleksandrovoy, ƙauna mace, wanda ya zama abokinsa, Muse da kuma uwa haife shi a shekara ta 1904, 'yar Marianne. The zane-zane ne Masterpieces daga wadannan shekaru. Sun sayi dan kadan, amma artist aka gane a duk duniya. Abubuwa suna faruwa, ya vigorously da selflessly aiki da jawo 6-7 da hotunan wani shekara. The iyali koma Podolsk, amma bazara yana da yaushe da za'ayi a cikin kasar a cikin Tarusa. The artist kansa, ta kwatanta rayuwarsa da kuma aiki a lokacin, ya ce ya na zaune a cikin wani duniyar mafarkai da rudu "tsakanin Birch Ashtarot, dozed kashe a wani zurfin barci kaka hazo."

A mafi kyau da zane-zanen

Musamman hankali ya kamata a zane, wanda a 1901 rubuta Borisov-Musatov. "Spring" ne ya yi ĩmãni da za a alama farkon wani sabon lokaci a cikin artist ta aiki. Yana da gaba ba a nan labari line. A da shi daya daga cikin pre-neman sauyi Malaman tarihi ya ce akwai gaba daya "m kashi da aka tarihi". Creativity Borisov-Musatov shine jigon duk ... Ya - "karshe sauti izuwa m karin waƙa, ragged a yau."

Masana, godiya ga ci gaba na launin waƙa, kwatanta shi da Wagner. Zanen "Tapestry", "Pond", "Requiem" (Malkisadik aka sadaukar domin rasuwar of Hope Stanyukevich matar kusa aboki na marubuci) ne izuwa kyau.

Mutuwa yana sanya kome a wuri

Amma, kamar yadda shi ne ko da yaushe cikin yanayin, da gaskiya fitarwa zo bayan mutuwa. The artist mutu ba zato ba tsammani, a lokacin rani na 1905 a cikin kasar a cikin Tarusa. Ya kasance ba haihuwa, amma da yawa m ayyukan iya ba amma zai shafi kiwon lafiya. Borisov-Musatov aka binne shi a nan in ya ƙaunataccen Tarus, a matsafai na kan banki na Oka. A 1907 ya bude baje kolin "Blue Rose", wanda ya ba da sunan Andrei Bely, kuma da zuciyar da suke da wakilan nan da nan yanayi na Borisov-Musatov, ya aka gane kamar yadda su akida shugaban. Pictures aka buga da kuma nune-nunen da aka gudanar a da yawa kasashen Turai, daya daga cikin zane-zane sayi Andre Zhid - star na Faransa zamani. Kuma, ba shakka, aikinsa ya rinjayi da aikin m artists, musamman da avant-garde.