Biography da kuma aiki da kungiyar

Shahararren symbolist mawãƙi na Azurfa Age, hits dukan m addini a nan gaba na Rasha da kuma mutane. M da wahala a gane ta immensity, wani mutum da wani m hankali da kuma ban tausayi rayuwa. A rayuwa da kuma aiki na kungiyar abin yabo ta cikar kuma m.

biography na mawãƙi

Block Aleksandr Aleksandroviya, haife shi a 1880, a ranar 28 ga watan Nuwamba. Wajen da na haihuwa - Petersburg. Mahaifansa biyu: uba - AL Block yuristm yi aiki a Jami'ar Warsaw, uwarsa - AA Beketov, 'yar sanannen masanin kimiyya da botanist.

Yaron ta iyaye saki kafin a haife shi, don haka girma a wani m iyali ya faru ba. Duk da haka, AN kakan a kan masu juna biyu gefen Beketov, wanda iyali ya girma da kuma Alexander, kewaye da yaro saboda kula da hankali. Da na ba shi mai kyau da ilimi da kuma fara a rayuwa. AN kansa Beketov ya rector na jami'a a St. Petersburg. High halin kirki da kuma al'adu yanayi na kewaye yanayi ya bar ta lamba a kan samuwar akidu da kuma ilimin Block.

Tun suna yara, shi aza soyayya da litattafansu na Rasha wallafe-wallafe. Pushkin, Apukhtin, Zhukovsky, su ɗauko, Grigoriev - Waɗannan su ne sunayen, a cikin wanda ke aiki a kananan naúra da kuma girma a haɗe zuwa duniya na adabi da kuma shayari.

Saboda haka, da horo

A mataki na farko na ilimi ga kungiyar ya zama wani babban makaranta a St. Petersburg. Bayan ta sauke karatu a 1898 sai ya shiga St. Petersburg University, da lauyoyi. Ya ƙare da doka horo a 1901 da kuma canza shugabanci na tarihi-philological.

Sai a Jami'ar, daga karshe ya yanke shawarar da ya shiga cikin duniyar wallafe-wallafe. Har ila yau, wannan bege ne karfafa ta mai kyau da kuma picturesque wuri mai faɗi, wanda aka located a cikin dũkiyarku da kakansa. Girma a wannan yanayi, Alexander duk tunawa da ji na ƙwarai da subtlety na ji na duniya, da kuma wannan da aka nuna a cikin waqe. Tun daga nan, da kuma fara aiki da kungiyar.

Tare da uwarsa naúrar kula sosai jituwar da ke tsakaninsu, da kauna da girmama ta m. Shi ne har zuwa rasuwar uwar kuma aika ta ayyukansa.

bayyanar

Ya bayyanar da aka rubuta MA Voloshin. Ya kira fuskar Alexander Blok bayyanannu, kuma sanyi, sosai a kwantar da hankula, idan aka kwatanta da Greek marmara mask. Sai ya nuna wa daidaito da kuma rigor na gyara man fuska fasali, a kan bakin ciki-yanke goshi, lankwasawa da lebe. Na shirya kai zuwa da mutunci da wani kyakkyawan curly gashi mawãƙi ne.

Yanina Bely bayyana a sosai kama da bayyanar kungiyar kuma girmamawa a kan wani m kama, kyau da kuma lokacin farin ciki gashi, da m kuma statuesque adadi, karfi da kuma m. Ya kuma jaddada rashin laifi kuma spontaneity a idanunsa kungiyar, ta sabon abu da kuma haske da idanu. Sau da yawa ya bayyanar a cikin matasa idan aka kwatanta da siffar Apollo. A cikin balagagge shekaru - tare da Dante.

domesticity

By sabõda abin da Ya mabiyin yanayi, jinyar da manufa na da kyau, naúrar ne a akai search na da kyau mace wanda zai zama gani na dukan ƙarfinsa, kuma tunani na soyayya. Ga wanda ya ya iya rubuta ayyukan da ya yi, wanda zai zama ya Muse.

Kuma a cikin 1898, ya samu wannan. Ya kawai na rayuwa matarsa da farko soyayya shi ne karfi - 'yar sunadarai Mendeleyev, Lyubov Dmitrievna Mendeleeva (Block).

Aurensu ya faru a 1903. Rayuwar iyali yi shubuha da wuya. Mendeleev ta girma soyayya da aka jiran, kamar yadda a cikin litattafan. A block kuma yayi gyare-gyare da kuma rayuwa a kwantar da hankula. A sakamakon haka shi da so da matarsa aboki kuma rai aboki, Andrei Bely, Symbolist mawãƙi wanda taka rawar gani a cikin aikin na Unit.

Jobs na rayuwa

Rayuwa da kuma aiki na kungiyar samo asali a cikin irin wannan hanyar da shi, ban da adabi, halarci quite duniyarsu. Ga misali:

• Ya kasance mai aiki memba na ban mamaki productions a cikin wasan kwaikwayo, kuma ko da ya ga kansa a matsayin wani actor, amma a wallafe-wallafen aiki da janyo hankalin shi more.

• (. 1905-1906) ga biyu a jere shekaru ne saboda haka a kai tsaye shaida, kuma takara a neman sauyi tarurruka da kuma zanga-zangar.

• gudanar da nazari na adabi shafi a cikin jaridar "Golden ulun".

• tare da 1916-1917 biennium. ba da baya ga Mahaifa, mahaifiyata, yayin da hidima kusa Pinsk (aikin injiniya da kuma yi tawagar).

• Yana da wani ɓangare na jagorancin Bolshoi Drama Theater.

• a kan isowa daga cikin sojojin da samun wani aiki a wani Hukumar Binciken na m ministocin sarki al'amura. Yana aiki a can Edita verbatim rikodin har 1921.

Farkon Works Block

Da farko ayar kadan Sasha rubuta da baya a cikin shekaru biyar. Ko sa'an nan, shi karanta makings na talanti ɗaya cewa bukatar da za a ci gaba. A block da kuma tsunduma.

Son da kuma Rasha - biyu fi so jigogi na kerawa. Blok rubuta mai yawa game da cewa, da kuma game da wasu abubuwa. Duk da haka, a wani wuri mataki na ci gaba da ganin na da basira da janyo hankalin shi ya fi soyayya. Hoton na da kyau lady wanda aka neman shi a ko'ina, kãma dukan kasancewarsa. Kuma duniya embodiment na da ra'ayoyin ya samu a cikin Lyubovi Mendeleevoy.

Taken soyayya a cikin aikin na kungiyar da aka yi wahayi kamar yadda gaba daya bayyana kuma kyakkyawan cewa yana da wuya su yi jãyayya. Ba abin mamaki ba cewa ta farko da yaro - wani tarin waqe - kira "Ayoyi game da Beautiful Lady" da kuma sadaukar da shi ga matarsa. A babban tasiri a cikin rubuce-rubuce na wannan tarin waqe a Blok ta shayari bayar Solovyov, almajiri da kuma bin wanda ya dauke.

All waqe ha'inci a ji na har abada femininity, kyakkyawa, naturalness. Duk da haka, duk da maganganu da phrases amfani da rubuce-rubuce, misali, surreal hali. A block aka kwashe a cikin m turu a cikin "da sauran halittu".

A hankali, jigo na soyayya a cikin aikin na kungiyar tana bada hanya zuwa real kuma latsa al'amurran da suka shafi kewaye da mawãƙi.

fara cizon yatsa

A juyin juya halin Musulunci events, cuta a cikin iyali, dangantakar kasa madauwaman zullumi mafarkin wani mai tsabta da kuma haske nan gaba domin Rasha aikin karfi kungiyar sha wani jinsin canji. Ya gaba tarin ake kira "ba tsammani Joy" (1906).

More kuma mafi ya sa fun na Symbolists, wanda kansa bai hada da duk fi karfi kuma mafi cynical game da fatan da mafi kyaun zuwa. Ya halarci neman sauyi events, wanda shi ne gaba daya a kan gefen Bolsheviks, muminai su yi wa ne kawai.

A wannan lokacin (1906) ya wallafa trilogy na wasanin kwaikwayo. Na farko, "The yar tsana Nuna" bayan wani lokaci "a King Square", da kuma kammala wannan uku na "The Stranger". Naúrar ne fuskantar wani m tada daga imperfections na duniya, su acin rai. A lokaci guda, ya enjoys actress NN Volokhova. Duk da haka, cin da aka ba da samun cewa, in ji haushi na da shayari, irony da shakka.

Andrei Bely da kuma sauran mabiya a baya shayari, kada dauki canje-canje a cikin block da kuma soki 'halin yanzu aiki. Alexander Blok zauna m. Ya masanan basu ji dadin da warai baqin ciki.

"Trilogy jiki ya zama"

A 1909, Blok mutuwa uba, da wanda ba ya da lokacin da za a ce ban kwana. Wannan sanya wani ma fi girma sakamako a kan matsayin tunaninsa, da kuma ya yanke shawarar hada da mafi m ga tunaninsa aiki a wani poetic trilogy, wanda ya ba da sunan "trilogy jiki ya zama."

Saboda haka kerawa Blok a 1911-1912 aka alama ta bayyanar uku tarin na waqoqi, waxanda suke da poetic sunayen:

1. "Ayoyi game da Beautiful Lady".

2. "Ba tsammani Joy".

3. "Snow Night".

A shekara daga baya, ya fito da wani jerin soyayya waqe, "Carmen", rubuta da waka "Nightingale Garden", sadaukar zuwa ga sabon sha'awa - singer LA Delmas.

Rodina kungiyar a cikin ayyukansu

An fara daga 1908, da mawãƙi buga kanta ba kamar yadda wani Lyricist, amma kamar yadda vospevatel mahaifarsa. A wannan lokacin da ya rubuta irin wannan waqe kamar:

• "Autumn kalaman".

• "Autumn love".

• "Rasha".

• "A Kulikovo Field".

Duk wadannan ayyuka suna imbued tare da soyayya ga kasar, a kasar. A mawãƙi a lokaci guda ya nuna da kamanni biyu na rayuwa a Rasha: talauci da yunwa, mãsu taƙawa, amma a lokaci guda, mummunan kisa, wildness da kuma 'yanci.

Rasha theme a cikin aikin na kungiyar, da haifuwa daga cikin theme - daya daga cikin mafi muhimman hakkokin a dukan ya poetic rayuwa. Ga shi, da Mahaifa, mahaifiyata - shi ne mai rai, da numfashi, da ji. Saboda haka, yana da wuya ma, prohibitively wuya ba abubuwan da suka faru na Oktoba juyin juya halin.

Taken Rasha a cikin aikin da kungiyar

Bayan da juyin juya halin Musulunci yayi na kama dukan ruhu, da mawãƙi kusan gama hasarar da lyricism da soyayya a wurin ayyukansu. Yanzu, da dukan batu na aikinsa ne da nufin a Rasha, mahaifarsa.

Block wakiltar kasar a cikin ayoyi da mace, ya sa ta kusan palpable, real, idan humanizes. Rodina kungiyar a cikin waɗannan ayyukansu sikelin daukan wani darajar da cewa fiye da da soyayya ya taba rubuta.

Yin Imani da Bolsheviks da su gaskiya, ya shigarsu wani m, kusan bakin wake ga shi takaici lõkacin da yake ganin sakamakon juyin juya halin. Yunwar, talauci, da halaka, da taro wargajewa na kawo dukkan - duk wannan halitta a zukatan Block Island maƙiya hali zuwa Symbolists, da lyrics, kuma a yanzu da ke sa yi tare da kawai aiki satiristicheskoy, m izgili bangaskiya a nan gaba.

Duk da haka, da auna ga Rasha ne don haka mai girma cewa yana ci gaba da yi imani da ikon kasarsu. A gaskiya, shi zai tashi, zai girgiza kuma za su iya nuna ikonsa da ɗaukakarsa. Block Creativity, Mayakovsky, Yesenin a cikin irin wannan.

A shekarar 1918, Block rubuta da waka "Sha biyu", mafi scandalous kuma m duk ayyukansa, wanda ya sa da yawa daga jita-jita, da kuma magana game da shi. Amma zargi da mawãƙi bar ni sanyi, da nascent ciki fara sha dukan kasancewarsa.

The waka "The goma sha biyu"

Marubucin a fara rubuta aikinsa "Sha biyu" a farkon Janairu. A rana ta farko da ya ba su ma karya. A cikin bayanin kula ce: "tu da shivers." Sa'an nan, ya tsaya rubutu waqe, da kuma gama da shi mawãƙi ya gudanar kawai a ranar 28 ga watan Janairu.

Bayan da littafin da wannan aikin ya canja da cika fuska Creative Block. A takaice bayyana shi kamar haka: mawãƙi ya rasa kansa, ya zo a m rikicin, stagnation.

Babban ra'ayin na waka kowane gane daban. Wani gan ta a cikin goyon bayan juyin juya hali, izgili simvolisticheskimi views. Wani, a maimakon haka, wani satirical slant da izgili na neman sauyi domin. Duk da haka, da block ƙirƙirar waƙa nufi biyu. Shi ne da sabanin, kamar yanayi a lokacin.

Bayan da littafin da "The goma sha biyu" duk riga rauni dangantaka aka warware tare da Symbolists. Kungiyar juya kusan duk abokansa: Merezhkovsky, Viacheslav, Prischvin, Sologub, Piast, Akhmatova, da sauransu.

A Balmont da lokaci ya taka rawar gani da kansa. Saboda haka, naúrar rage kusan daya.

post-neman sauyi kerawa

Kawai uku ayyukan da aka rubuta ta hanyar marubucin bayan juyin juya hali:

1. "Scythians".

2. "Gida".

3. "Azaba", abin da ya ba gama rubuce.

A juyin juya halin da ya faru, da kuma haushi na Bolshevik siyasa narosla takaici da kuma kokarin. Irin wannan incision tsakanin abin da aka yi musu alkawari, kuma abin da ake yi a sakamakon juyin juya hali, ya numfashi ba ga kungiyar. Block za a iya bayyana a takaice a cikin aikin wannan lokaci, ba a rubuta wani abu.

Ta yaya za a rubuta daga baya game da mutuwa da mawãƙi, "da Bolsheviks kashe shi." Kuma wannan gaskiya ne. Block iya yin tsayayya da da Take da hilafa tsakanin kalmomi da kuma ayyukan da sabuwar gwamnatin. Ba iya gafarta kaina ga goyon baya da Bolsheviks, su makanta, da Mara tsinkaya.

A naúra tana fuskantar karfi da fitina a cikin ransa, gaba daya fitar a cikin ciki ji da kuma baƙin ciki. A sakamakon haka ne wata cuta. Daga Afrilu 1921 zuwa farkon watan Agusta, da cuta ba ya saki mawãƙi, tunzura shi karfi. Kawai lokaci-lokaci barin rabin manta ya yi ƙoƙari ya ta'azantar da matarsa, Lyubov Mendeleev (Block). Agusta 7th Block mutu.

Ina da mawãƙi rayu kuma ya yi aiki

Yau, biography da kerawa kungiyar captivate kuma wahayi zuwa gare yawa. A wuri inda ya rayu da kuma hada da kasidu juya a cikin wani gidan kayan gargajiya. Daga cikin hotunan za mu iya yin hukunci a game da halin da ake ciki a cikin abin da mawãƙi aiki.

Bayyanar da dukiya, inda mawãƙi ciyar da lokaci, za ka iya gani a cikin hoto na gefen hagu.

A dakin inda mawãƙi ciyar karshe daci da wuya lokacin rayuwa (photo kasa).

Yau, wani mawãƙi ƙaunar da karatu, ganin darajarsa, gane zurfin da mutunci, asali da kuma haske. Rasha a cikin aikin da kungiyar karatu a schoolwork, a kan topic write qagaggun. Yana bada cikakken dama suna da marubucin mai girma mawãƙi ne. A baya, symbolist, sa'an nan a neman sauyi da kuma a faɗuwar rana kawai warai masanan basu ji dadin a rayuwa da kuma ikon m mutum da wani m wuri.

A St. Petersburg, wani abin tunawa ambatonSa marubucin sunan a cikin tarihi da kuma biya haraji to da game da mahaifansa undeniable iyawa.