Barium oxide

Mafi na kowa yin amfani da wani abu "barium oxide" dogara ne a kan ta hygroscopic dukiya - da ikon zuwa sha ruwa. Saboda haka kai tsaye a cikin sinadaran masana'antu da shi da ake amfani da matsayin bangaren samar da barium peroxide. A masana'antu oxide ne ba makawa a samar da yumbu da maganadiso. Bugu da ƙari kuma, a cikin rãyuwar yanayi na barium oxide wanda dabara Bao, na samu babban aikace-aikace a microelectronics da lantarki. Domin samar da ferrate amfani magnitokeramiki barium, wanda aka samu ta hanyar hada a wani karfi Magnetic filin karkashin wani matsin lamba daga cakuda barium, da baƙin ƙarfe oxide powders.

Duk da haka, babban mayar da hankali na aikace-aikace ne da yi na thermionic cathodes. Farkon karni na karshe, masana kimiyya daga Jamus Venelt karatu dokar electron watsi, wanda aka kwanan nan ya bude English Explorer Richardson. Domin gwajen Venelt amfani guda na platinum waya. A farko gwaji sakamakon cikakken tabbatar da karshe kõma daga baya da Turanci likita. Amma sai da kwarewa kasa da Venelt da shawarar cewa ya kwarara daga electrons ne da ya fi yadda al'ada, saboda a farfajiya na aiki abu - platinum - iya bayyana wani impurities. Bayan dubawa ta zato Venelt gano cewa, girma da electron tushen da ya kwarara deflection ne barium oxide, platinum faru a kan surface a matsayin wani ɓangare na man shafawa fasaha na'urorin amfani a gwajin. Karshe Venelta dogon zauna da shari'ã, saboda kimiyya al'umma ba zai iya gwaje haifa ya kwarewa. Sai da na ɗauki kusan karni na Turanci likita Kohler tabbatar da daidaitar Venelta. Kohler kan maimaita gwaje-gwajen da ya nuna cewa idan barium oxide ne hõre dumama a progressively ƙananan matsa lamba, da thermionic watsi tsanani hanzari qara.

Kawai a cikin thirties na karshe karni, da Jamus sunadarai Paul shawarar, ta ƙunshi a gaskiyar cewa electrons aka kunna, saboda gaban na impurities a barium oxide. A lokacin da dauki, wanda aka gudanar a low matsa lamba, wani ɓangare na oxygen tsere daga oxide. Sauran cikinsa barium YAKE ionized kuma, da ita inganta bayyanar free electrons. Wadannan electrons da sun kasance wadanda barin wani crystalline tsarin lokacin tsanani da kuma wanda da zarar ya kalli Venelt.

Shi ne kawai a farkon na biyu da rabi na karni na karshe karshe an tabbatar da inganci na wannan jarrabawa. Chemists da kuma P. A. Bundeli Harshe Kovtun (USSR) ba kawai numerically kafa tamanin da taro na impurities a barium oxide, amma kuma ta gwaji kwatanta da darajar da thermionic kwarara yawa. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa barium oxide da ake amfani da aiki sashi a yi na thermionic cathodes. A matsayin misali, wani electron katako, bayan da ta generated image a kan allon sauki talabijin ko kwamfuta duba. A ingancin rafi tushen nan abubuwa barium oxide.

Idan abu ne ga kokarin narke a cikin ruwa, shi ne ya gano cewa barium oxide reacts tare da ruwa ta gasa da mafita. Kamar wancan samu abu barium hydroxide - fararen foda da narkewa batu na 78 ° C. Wannan fili an mayar da martani tare da wani kyakkyawan carbon dioxide gas, da kuma haka wani ruwa-ruwa bayani, sau da yawa ake kira "barite ruwa", da aka yi amfani da ko'ina a matsayin reagent zuwa carbon dioxide.

A lokacin da na fara fili da ake so bangaren ne kunshe da daban-daban canza launi kayan, lubricants da mai. Irin amfani da barium oxide annabta ko DI Mendeleev.