Barasa tafasar batu

A al'ada yanayi matsa lamba, da barasa ruwan zafin jiki na 78,3 ° C (ga ethanol). Ya kamata a haifa tuna cewa da yawan zafin jiki ko da yaushe ya kasance akai, ko da a lõkacin da zafi shigar da za'ayi a ci gaba. Wannan yanayin na aiwatar saboda gaskiyar cewa hira da ruwa abubuwa a cikin tururi na faruwa ma a lokacin da ya kai wani ajali zafin jiki ga wani abu mai muhimmanci - zafi na evaporation.

Tare da kara kwayoyin nauyi na barasa tafasar zafin jiki ne ya karu, rabo na da wani kishiya form don alcohols tsaye a hankali a jere, fara daga ethyl. Numerically, da darajar ne mafi girma fiye da guda index y ethers ko hydrocarbons da cewa suna da wannan kwayoyin nauyi. Haka kuma, wannan abin kwaikwaya kara a kan Kalam daga cikin wadannan abubuwa. Wannan dukiya ne saboda kasancewar alcohols kwayoyin jam'iyya saboda gaban a cikin abun da ke ciki na hydroxyl kungiyoyin.

Sun fi mayar da barasa ruwan zafin jiki ne m da ta sinadaran tsarin. Ga akwai a duniya dokar: mafi yawan barasa ne daban-daban daga gargajiya constructions, don haka tafasar zafin jiki ne m.

Idan mun gwada da daban-daban tafasar maki na alcohols da tafasar da maki samu daga gare ethers gano musamman juna - alcohols mallaka kusan mahaukaci a size, sosai high yanayin zafi.

More istinbadi tafasar zafin jiki ne dogara a kan girma dabi'u daga cikin kwayoyin nauyi na musamman barasa. Alal misali, tafasar batu na ethyl barasa ne 78,15 ° C da kwayoyin nauyi na 46,069. e. m. A daidai wannan lokaci, kama Manuniya da methyl ne bi da bi 64,7 ° C da kuma 32,04 wani. e. m. A irin wannan tsarin ne halayyar duk alcohols.

Hydrolysis barasa da aka kullum da za'ayi a lokacin da ya kai gare shi tafasar batu, wannan shi ne wani fairly dogon lokaci domin aiwatar, wanda yana kimanin goma hours.

Irin wannan siga a matsayin barasa konewa zafin jiki sun fi mayar da kayyade fadin aikace-aikace na wadannan mahadi a masana'antu da kuma gidaje. Duk da haka, akwai kamata a yi la'akari a matsayin irin na bangare na konewa. Konewa halayen suna kasu hudu kungiyoyin. Nau'i na farko ya hada da dukan konewa tafiyar matakai cewa faruwa saboda da shigowa da oxygen dauke a cikin yanayi iska. Yana hada da man fetur konewa dauki, da kuma barasa. Wannan tsari ne da ya bayyana da wadannan dabara: C2H5OH + 3O2 + 11,3 N2 = 2CO2 + 3H2O + 11,3N2.

By nazarin sama dabara, ya kamata a gane cewa ba a nuna a cikin cikakken hankali da sinadaran rikirkida cewa faruwa tare da abubuwa takara a konewa dauki. Da dabara aka sanya don dalilai da cewa iska kunshi kawai na oxygen da kuma nitrogen da aka dauka a matsayin sifili gaban cikinta, daga inert gas.

A batun kafin mu zaɓi - tafasar batu na barasa - shi sa mahara amfani. Wannan amfani da aka sani ya zama mafi kamar yin amfani da alcohols kamar yadda combustible kayan da kuma kayan da ke cikin daban-daban iri motor man fetur. A saboda wannan dalili, yawanci amfani methanol, ethanol da butanol, wanda ake samar a duk duniya a kan wani m sikelin. Irin wannan samarwa kundin saboda su sayar da kasancewa da babban conjuncture na kasuwa, haka ma, da samar da a wasu lokuta, ana amfani da Manuniya da asowar da fasaha matakin jihar. Mutane daya-daya fasaha ne samar da biodiesel, kaushi, Paints da kuma wasu kayayyakin, wanda shi ne kawai zai yiwu ba domin lissafa a daya short labarin.