Armenian Filato - dutsen yankin a arewacin asiya karama. An tsoho jihar a cikin ƙasa na Armenian Highland

Domin da farko lokacin da Kalmar "Armenian Highland" ya bayyana a cikin 1843 a monograph Hermann Vilgelma Abiha. Wannan Rasha-German Explorer kuma a fanning binciken kasa, Wanda ya ciyar a wasu lokaci a cikin ta Kudu Caucasus, kuma daga baya buga da ba sunan da ke yankin. Don kwanan game da asalin yadda gãdon Armenian mutane faruwa yawa shawara. Duk da haka, a cikin labarin, za mu tattauna da daban-daban maki na view, kazalika da jiki preconditions na yankin.

Yadda ya yi da Armenian Plateau?

Wannan ƙasa nasa ne da tsayi-Himalayan dutsen tsarin. A zamanin da shi da aka rufe ruwan tsoho Tethys Ocean, wanda aka tabbatar da tono da kuma sami a cikin ƙasa yadudduka :. Various ragowar murjãni, kifi, Shellfish, da dai sauransu Domin masana binciken burbushin halittu ne mai kyau damar gano wani iri-iri na Flora da fauna daga cikin lokaci. A dalilin da samuwar da Caucasian duwãtsu, Armenian tsaunuka, Tibet (tun da shi a nan kusa yankin) da kuma dagawa su fita daga cikin teku ruwa kamar haka.

A karo Eurasian da Arabian protrusion Gondwana bayyana Caucasus da kuma Armenian tudu. Karo na India da kuma Eurasia ya kai ga gaskiya cewa sedimentary yadudduka daga cikin teku bene, wanda sa tsakanin biyu faranti, crumpled kuma hau dutsen. Wannan ya haifar da samuwar na Himalayas, Tibet da sauran high duwãtsu na yankin.

A Neogene tsaunuka da yawa sau ya tsãge a ƙarƙashin rinjayar ciki eruptions. Lawa, wanda aka zubo da bisa duniya ta ɓawon burodi fashe, smoothed da folds tsaunuka. Yana rufe kusan dukan surface yankin na basalt strata. Don kwanan wata, Plateau da aka located in da Near East. Tare da kusurwoyi huɗu shi ne kewaye da sauran yankunan - Asia Ƙananan da Iran Plateau, Black Sea da Mesopotamian bayyana.

Mountain yankunan ilimi

Armenian Highland yana da babban adadin babban dutse jeri, manyan sarƙoƙi na volcanic Cones, kazalika da wasu dadaddun volcanoes. Tsororuwar da ƙasa ce mai girma Ararat dutsen. Shi yana da tsawo na 5165 mita. Da dama karami Karami Ararat (3925 mita), da na Dutsen Süphan (4434 mita), wanda aka located in Turkey. A Armenia, akwai wani dutse Aragats, wanda yana da tsawo na 4090 mita da kuma a Iran - Sabalan (4821 mita) da kuma Sahend (3707 mita).

Abin da ƙasa ne wani ɓangare na tsaunuka

Ya kamata ka ma lissafa abin yanki suna located a kan wannan tadawa, cewa shi ya hada. Alal misali, wani tsararru na Armenian Filato - shi ne dukan ƙasar Armenia da kuma Turkey, yammacin ɓangare na Iran da kuma Azerbaijan, ta Kudu Georgia.

peculiarities na ƙasa

Wannan Filato shi ne daya daga cikin mafi girma daga waɗanda cewa kafa lawa. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, ta asalin shi ne irin wannan cewa a daban-daban lokaci na Duniya, wannan yanki ya halartar gagarumin canje-canje a cikin tsarin. Sa'an nan kuma ya tashi zuwa surface na teku a sakamakon da karo faranti, wanda a cikin sa mai pleated tsarin, da tsaga, sakewa daga Earth manyan adadin lawa. Ya kamata a lura cewa wasu daga cikin duwatsu da suke kan tudu ne dadaddun volcanoes (misali, Ararat), da kuma ta dauke da wani seismically m yankin.

A tsawo daga cikin Armenian tsaunuka na yau - 1500-1800 mita saman teku matakin. Yana fiye da na makwabta Iran tudu da Anatolian tudu. Idan muka magana game da Plateau yankin, shi ne 400 dubu murabba'in kilomita.

Ya kamata a lura a nan cewa shi ne tushen da yawa koguna kamar Yufiretis, Tigris, Araks, Hens. Kusan kowace kogin na Armenian Filato cika da snowmelt da kuma ruwan sama. Har ila yau, ruwan waha yanki yi yawa tabkuna (most - Sevan, Van, Urmia).

An tsoho jihar a cikin ƙasa na tsaunuka

Wannan yanki ya kasance kullum na al'ummar jihar. Tun da ma'aunan kasa samuwar, shi ya ɗauki zamani bayyanar da aka katse. Hakika, tabbatar da wasu jama'a abokai za a iya samu ne kawai a mythological ko cuneiform tarihin sauran mutane (mafi karatu).

A mafi tsufa a jihar a cikin Armenian tsaunuka, wanda ya rubuce da kuma archaeological (tono), da ake kira Urartu. An wanzu tun da IX karni BC. e. zuwa VI karni BC. e. A heyday na jihar Urartu ne daya daga cikin manyan wuraren da a Near East. Lokacin da ta fadi a cikin lalata, watau. E. da aka ci nasarar da Mediya, yankin ya zama wani ɓangare na Achaemenid jihar.

Bugu da ari tsarin a kan ƙasa na jihohi zo saukar da gaskiyar cewa a cikin II karni BC. e. sa'an nan a kafa Great Armenia, wanda shi ne farkon, kuma shimfiɗar jariri, da zamani kisan kare dangi.

Armenia ikirarin cewa babban Jihar Urartu - a matsayin kakaninmu na da Armenia. Duk da haka, wannan tabbatarwa ne debatable, tun da babu wani abin dogara da shaida ga wannan tabbatarwa. Wasu masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa da yawa facts suna kawai na ƙarya.

Gãdon tsoho

Duk abin da ya, amma a cikin ƙasa na tsaunuka, musamman a cikin 'yan lokutan, suna da ban mamaki kayayyakin gargajiya da cewa gaya mana yadda za mu kakanninsu suka zauna, abin da suka da al'adu, hanyarsa ta rayuwa da sauransu. D. A zamanin d jihar a cikin ƙasa na Armenian Filato, shi dai itace, ya bar wasiyya mana, da zũriyarsu.

Archaeological tono a kusa da dutsen Portasar kai ga cewa akwai aka gano a Haikali, wanda yake na fi tsoho lokaci fiye da ko da Masar pyramids (haka, ana iya jãyayya da cewa kasashe da suke zaune a nan, a zamanin da, da ya yi wani mataki na ci gaba) . A halin yanzu, hudu daga cikin haikali samu, shi ana sa ran a samu ko da goma sha shida.

Ɗari biyu kilomita daga Yerevan samu da yi, wanda a siffar kama Stonehenge, amma yana da wani karin tsoho asalin. Yana da wani mahara na tsaye tsaye sandunan da ciwon saman ta hanyar rami. Kuma idan ka duba saukar a kan Karavundzh (sunan da tsarin), sa'an nan za mu iya cewa da siffar reminiscent na ƙungiyar taurari Cygnus.

Asirin cewa bar kakanninmu

Daya daga cikin unsolvable asirai cewa zauna zukatan masana kimiyya, su ne 'yan abubuwa samu a ƙasar Armenia. Daya daga cikinsu shi ne wani mutum-mutumi na tsuntsu, wanda aka samu a cikin Eastern Armenia a cikin seventies na karshe karni. Gaskiyar cewa ta shekaru - a kalla uku shekara dubu, kuma abu daga abin da aka yi shi ne ba a sani ba wayewar. Babu wani daga cikin zamani kayan aiki bai iya lalata shi.

Wani binciken da masana kimiyya mamakin da suke baƙin ƙarfe ragowa ga dawakai. Sun nema daga wannan lokaci da kuma gano cewa, da tsuntsu, amma remarkably da-tsare. Haka kuma, ya kamata a lura da cewa ƙarfe kayayyakin fara yi da farko wani wuri a cikin shekara dubu daga baya.

Saboda wadannan binciken, wasu masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa zargin na farko wayewar faru da ɗan baya fiye da amfani da za a gani. Wasu suna i'kirarin cewa sun taso a kan site na zamani Armenian tsaunuka game da dubu goma sha biyu da suka wuce.

Wasu jayayya alaka da wannan yanki

Game da sunan wani wuri daga cikin masu bincike mai tsanani da muhawara. Wasu suna da'awar cewa shi nuna irin tarihi baya da cewa nan da ƙarni Armenia rayu. Wadannan masu bincike yi imani da cewa shi ne wadannan mutanen farko zaunar wannan yanki har ma a zamanin da. suka kuma yi magana game da bambancinsa da Armenia, saboda tsaunuka, inda suka zauna - shimfiɗar jariri, da duk wayewar. Tabbatarwa da aka samu a daban-daban rubutun d¯a, a lokacin archaeological tono, ko da a cikin daya daga cikin littattafai - Littafi Mai Tsarki.

Duk da haka, wasu masu bincike ne m na duk irin karshe. Game da sunan suke karkatai da maganar zuwa da cewa kawai a 1843, ya zama wani ɓangare na rayuwar yau da kullum godiya ga tarihi Henry Abikh. A lokacin tafiya, ya aka tare da wakilan da Armenian Church da kuma Armenian shugabanni, don haka da cewa duk da cewa ya ga, kuma aka gabatar a matsayin gado ne na Armenian al'adu. Wannan bangare na masu bincike bayar da hujjar cewa Armenia shi ne tarihi daidai zuwa wasu ƙasashe, kamar Herodotus, wanda ya ambaci a cikin rubuce-rubucen da al'umma, ya ce Armenia wanda ya kasance a cikin babba kai na Yufiretis, kusa da na Firijiya, da kuma a cikin wani karamin sashi na dutse a kusa da farkon na kogin Galis.

Idan muka yi la'akari da sunan da tsaunuka, a zamanin da aka fi sani da al-Zazavan. Ibn Hawqal (X karni Arab marubucin), wanda ya bayyana a ƙasar da ya rubuta, ya ce da yawa shaidar Turkish kuma Azerbaijani (hadisai da kuma al'adu, da hanyar rayuwa, da dai sauransu ..). Bugu da kari, da masu bincike suka yi ĩmãni ne ba daidai ba su yi tunanin cewa shi ne, a wannan yanki da ya faru a Littafi Mai Tsarki events na Ambaliyar, kawai saboda wasu sassa na akwatin a watan Nuwamba, a samu a yankin.

Duk abin da ya, shi ne mai wuya a san for tabbata game da abubuwan da ya faru a zamanin da a cikin wannan yanki. Hakika, idan ba ka ƙirƙira lokaci inji. Saboda haka, duk da rigingimu kamata a dogara kawai a kan facts samu ta hanyar tono da kuma gudanar da bincike sami abubuwa.

ƙarshe

Armenian Filato - ne a kasar da cewa yana da wani dogon tarihi da arzikin da tunawa binciken na zamanin d ƙauyuka da jama'arsu. Wadanda zaton cewa yin masana tarihi da masu bincike a yankin game da mafi zamanin da, shi ne wuya yadda shanyewa ko tabbatar. Simple layman iya kawai sha'awan da sabon abu binciken da su yi tunanin yadda za su aka yi amfani da kakaninmu na da.