Apple itacen alama: description, photos, da sake dubawa na itacen

Golden Autumn cin zarafi ya musanya masa a mutuwa gidãjen Aljanna, zanen da zarar lush kore foliage na 'ya'yan itatuwa a mai haske orange da kuma rawaya sautunan. A wannan kaka palette thinning rawanin haske taurari sun bayyana, da sãshinansu da bãyayyakinsu garura-ja apples. Wannan shi ne abin da ake kira 'ya'yan itãcen hunturu iri, m growers fi so don saukin tabbatarwa, m dandano da kyau lafiya. Daya daga wadannan shine marigayi iri na apple itacen alama, wanda hotuna kwatanta mu ɗaba'ar. Bari mu magana game da wannan m al'adu na dogon lokaci fi so na Rasha lambu.

Tarihi da kiwo

Samfurin Michurinsky Research Institute of Genetics kuma Selection na 'ya'yan shuke-shuke na da irin wannan apple. Grade alama da aka samu ta hanyar makiyayin SF Chernenko aka sakamakon da shekaru masu yawa na gudanar da bincike. Bred dabbar ta hanyar canjin da Anisa Pepinkoy Lithuanian, wannan iri-iri samu daidai "iyaye" na quality, bayyana, a kayayyaki halaye na kirki da 'ya'yan itace, amma a low sanyi juriya. Saboda haka, irin raba mukamin ga yankunan da temperate sauyin yanayi da kuma m winters: tsakiya, Volga-Vyatka, Volga da sauransu da saba alama kuma a kudancin yankunan, da arewacin kasar a wannan al'ada ba su dace kamar yadda tabbatar da ingancin ci gaban da na itace da barga yawan amfanin ƙasa ba za ta ba da damar matsananci hunturu. yanayi.

Apple itacen alama: description, photos, da sake dubawa

Tun da apple itace mai suna saboda peculiarities na tsarin da tayin daga zangarniya, wanda aka sa ta haske ribbing, amma shi yana nufin da ƙwazo da kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa. Sun shuke-shuke suna gina wani kyau taso kambi, da goyan bayan da wani karfi kwarangwal rassan, yana da shekaru kofe mafi yada kambi da adventitious rassan droop kula babban conductors. Irin wannan canje-canje bayyanar da al'ada zo daga kara da ake samu daga shekara zuwa shekara, wanda shi ne shahara ga iri-iri.

itãciya bar maras ban sha'awa kore, kananan, m tare da bakin ciki stipules da kuma dan kadan serrated baki. The harbe na yanzu shekara karfi da pubescent, tsawo da kuma bakin ciki, fentin a launin ruwan kasa da kuma terracotta sautunan. Lambu girma amfanin gona, ya jaddada ba kawai ta enviable amfanin gona, amma kuma mãdalla da ado sakamako. Faranta wa ido, irin apple. Grade alama, mai hoto wanda zai sanar da mai karatu da cewa m al'adu, za a iya kira rare.

'ya'yan

Apple itacen alama, wanda maki da bayanin ba a cikin labarin, ya ba da wani kananan (daga 80-90 ga 150-170 g.), Taso, tare da wani kawai m ribbing, Rosy 'ya'yan. A lokacin ripening apples blush, an rufe tare da m zama ja, samun tsanani da shunayya launi a lokacin da cikakken balaga. Santsi dukan surface na 'ya'yan itace da kariminci rufe tare da m kakin shafi. Wonderful apple ɓangaren litattafan almara: lafiya-grained, m, m-zaki da dandano m kodadde kore. A wasu 'ya'yan itace jiki launi dabam daga tabarau na kore a cikin cibiyar to da pinkish fata.

sa girma

Apple itacen alama (truckers sake dubawa ne danniya) - al'adu na marigayi ripening, wanda ya zo kusa da hunturu. Amma da girbi zai fara a watan Satumba, ba tare da jiran isowa wannan sanyi weather. Kafin amfani, da apples an ripening a kan 3-4 makonni. Babban abũbuwan amfãni daga iri ne:

• da shekara-shekara high da ake samu.
• kyau kwarai, ku ɗanɗani kayan zaki apples.
• dogon lokacin da ajiya. A cikin mahallin da wani ginshiki ko jefa-daki kwazo apples adana nasarar a watan Maris.
• high juriya ga shuke-shuke na gargajiya iri daban-daban cututtuka, misali, scab.
• da kyau jure pruning.

Alama - apple, da watsuwar abin da ba zai cika ba tare ascertaining ba kawai da abũbuwan amfãni amma kuma da rashin ba a cikin iri-iri. Kamar wancan hasara ne degeneration na 'ya'yan itatuwa a shekaru daban-daban. Duk da haka, daidai samuwar da kambi da kuma tsafta pruning zai taimaka wajen kauce wa wannan, ko a kalla muhimmanci rage gudu da tsari.

Features iri

Apple itacen alama, description, photos of wanda aka gabatar a cikin labarin - mai kyau pollinator for yawa hunturu iri :. Antonovka, Ladoga, Heroes, da dai sauransu Lokacin da dasa kusa da juna suka duka, ciki har da alama, giciye-pollinated, da kara 'ya'yan sa da kuma, daidai da, da kara girbi. Itace ta fara a 5-6 bayan shekara dasa. Hanzarta fruiting 1-2 shekaru iya, instilling seedling a Dwarf rootstock. Amfanin ƙasa sa ban sha'awa 50 zuwa 100 kg kakar. Note, duk da haka, da cewa adadin 'ya'yan iya bambanta dangane da yanayin yanayi, shi dabam da yawa a cikin shekaru daban-daban.

Don kula da kyau yawan amfanin ƙasa daga itacen, a kowace shekara shi ne wajibi pruning, kambi rage gelled da kuma kara samun hasken rana, don haka dole ripening 'ya'yan itace.

Dasa: shirye-shiryen da seedlings

Don girma da wani apple itace ne mai sauki, ko da wani novice lambu. By sayen wani seedling Sprockets kamata koma zuwa mai na musamman gandun daji domin masana'antun da suna mai kyau da kuma high rating. Sayan dasa kayan daga untested masu sayarwa sau da yawa juya zuwa cizon yatsa da kuma vata lokaci.

Seedling tushen tsarin wajibi ne su bincika, cire rududdugaggu kuma karye tushen kafin dasa tsoma a cikin abin da ake kira Mash - ruwa-cikakken lãka bayani. Yanã rufe da tushen da lãka hana damar da iska a tushen da kuma hanyar lalata.

Site selection ga saukowa

Apple bukatar mai kyau lighting, don haka da tsarin kula da zabi na wuri domin namo wannan itace ne ya zama tsanani. Wajibi ne a yi la'akari da dukkan yanayi na ingantaccen ci gaban al'adu. Saboda haka, zabi wani m da kuma bude wuri tare da m, sako-sako da, breathable kasa ba tare da kusa na tsaye ruwan karkashin kasa. Southern da kuma kudu maso yammacin gefen rabo mafi burge al'ada kamar apple alama. Description, photos, da sake dubawa lambu tabbatar da muhimmancin da zabi na saukowa site. Gaza bada hašin kai sama dalilai kai ga mahaukaci cin gaban seedlings, a shekarar da muke ciki na 'ya'yan itace da amfanin ƙasa hasarori.

Wani yanayin da bukatar tsananin yarda ne yarda saukowa lokaci. Lokaci mafi kyau domin wannan hanya ne spring. Dasa shuka a cikin marigayi Afrilu, ko Mayu, a lokacin da hatsarin sanyi sama zai zo da kõme ba, a matsayin rana ta fara ji dimi ƙasa da kyau. Kaka dasa ilmi lambu ne ba maraba, kamar yadda da hunturu sanyi canjawa wuri, ba duk matasa shuke-shuke. Amma, idan shuka bishiya saboda wasu dalilai da su fada, to, shi dole ne a yi domin 1-1.5 watanni kafin farko na tsanani frosts, saboda matasa shuke-shuke bukatar dauki tushen.

Shiri na saukowa rami

Plot haƙa a hankali cire weeds da, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa na asallanta, tona rami size of 0,4 * 0,4 mita. The uku rami da aka cika da cakuda humus, ash, lambu gona da superphosphate (30-40gr) embankments ta zamewar. Seedling aka sanya a saman da tudun, daidaita da tushen da kuma rufe da ƙasa. Tree tushen kwala kamata ya tashi sama ƙasa matakin at 5-6 cm. A kasar gona da aka tamped kuma shayar da kariminci. Akwai ya zama hanya danshi a tushen, wanda tare da karkara na da'irar a kusa da-ganga yin wani ƙasa nadi-rikewa ruwa. A dukan tsawon rutin, game da wata daya da rabi, da shuka ya kamata ba za a takaice na ruwa. A cikin hunturu itace tsari na musamman sutura kayan ko spruce spruce rassan.

Kula da apple itace: babban taron

Gogaggen lambu tasbĩhi sauki daga wannan 'ya'yan itace, haskaka da sauƙi na kula ayyukan. Ta yaya da yawa 'ya'yan-qazanta al'adu, apple alama (description, photo, sake bitar lambu tabbatar da shi) amsa ga m girma na harbe a kan dace watering, na yau da kullum weeding, loosening da ƙasa a cikin bishiya, kuma lokaci-lokaci barbarar ingancin Organic da ma'adinai hadaddun takin.

Shayar moderately apple, wani overabundance danshi shi daukawa nauyi. Amma ko da yaushe akan yanayin a cikin yankin a lokacin zafi shayar da alheri, a cikin rigar shekaru - kasa. Ground a bishiya da'irori lokaci zuwa lokaci sassauta kuma cire weeds, inganta gona aeration fiye da kuma ta da tushen ci gaba.

Bukatar wata itãciya, kuma ciyar. A farko ne da za'ayi a cikin bazara kakar: ƙara yin amfani da humus ko rotted taki, wanda aka gabatar a cikin wani adadin na 10-12 kg da murabba'in mita. A cikin kaka, bayan girbi al'ada ake azurtã phosphorus-potassium gidaje da cewa taimaka itacen tsira hunturu. Yana da muhimmanci kada su overfeed al'adu, da wuce haddi taki detrimental sakamako a kan ta. Saboda haka, a yankunan da m kasa ba su yarda alama takin mafi sau da yawa fiye da sau daya a cikin shekaru 2-3.

Kuma 'yan kalmomi game da pruning. A cikin larura na rike da aka ambata a sama, za mu ƙara kawai cewa lokaci mafi kyau ga wadannan hanyoyin - farkon spring, a lokacin da itacen ya ba tukuna aka tada. Late kaka pruning ba za'ayi.

Mun gabatar da karatu tare da wani ban sha'awa da kuma unpretentious al'adu, wanda yake shi ne apple alama. Description, photos, sake bitar truckers, an saba da namo wannan 'ya'yan itace - an ba da wani uzuri ga kokarin girma mai girma apple itacen?