"Antey" submarine: fasaha bayani dalla-dalla

Gamuwa Amurka jirgin sama m kungiyoyin sun babban aiki na Soviet Navy nan da nan bayan kammala Babbar Patriotic War. Shi ne da wannan maƙasudi da aka kafa "kisa" jirgin sama dako - sosai na musamman Soviet submarine aikin "949A Antey".

fara samar

A shekarun 1960s, Soviet designers yi aiki a kan biyu m ayyukan. OKB-52 da ma'aikata da aka tsunduma a cikin sabon antiship makami mai linzami hadaddun ne aka yi nufi ga halaka maƙiyi sojan ruwa dakarun, da kuma ma'aikatan Tsakiya Design ofishin "Rubin" submarine makami mai linzami tsara tsara ta uku. Yana daga baya za a yi amfani a matsayin mai jigilar kaya don wani sabon makami mai linzami tsarin. Soja da ake bukata duka biyu iko da kuma sosai tasiri wajen iya lalata maƙiyi jirgin kungiyar da kuma wani submarine, da ciwon high yi da kuma stealth nutsewa zurfi. A nan gaba, bayan da na zamani da dama daga cikin wadannan halaye submarines zai hada submarines "Antey" aji.

"Granit 949" aikin

A shekara ta 1969, da Navy ya kafa da aiki na Soviet zanen kaya don ƙirƙirar sabuwar submarine. Yana hawa da makami mai linzami dole ne hadu da wadannan bukatun:

• Yana dole ne babban gudun: ba kasa da 2500 km / h.
• Range - 500 km.
• Target fara daga biyu karkashin ruwa da kuma sama-ruwa da tattalinsu. Yana da aka shirya ya yi amfani da su a kan submarines da surface jirãge.

Tun da a mafi yawan lokuta makiya lebur iska tsaro karya "a bunch" na biyu da dozin makamai masu linzami, da Soviet soja sun sha'awar a cikin yiwuwa na harbe-harben a volley. A cewar Developers, domin cimma tasiri na anti-jirgin da makamai masu linzami zama dole amma babban gudun da kuma manyan taro na dakarun, to ba su, su da, da kuma abin dogara tsarin cewa samar da manufa nadi da kuma leken asiri.

"Success" System

Tare da wannan na farko gano surface abubuwa a cikin duniya daga cikin Soviet sarari da kuma tsarin saka idanu su. "Success" yana da wadannan abũbuwan amfãni:

• Cikakkar 'yancin kai daga yanayin yanayi.
• Da aka tattara a kan wani babban yanki.
• Inaccessibility ga makiya.

Target nadi samu ta hanyar kambun da makamai da kuma umurnin posts. Production na nukiliya submarines kwashe ma'aikatan Sevmash. A 1980, na farko submarine ya shirya "Arkhangelsk" aikin 949, kuma a shekarar 1983 - "Murmansk".

Nukiliya submarines "Antey", 949A aikin

Bayan nasara ƙarshe na "dutse" zane aikin da aka za'ayi a kan mafi m aikin. A cikin takardun da shi ne da aka jera a matsayin 949 A "Antey". Submarine saboda sabunta hanyoyin kayan aiki da kuma wani ƙarin daki yana da wani ingantattun ciki layout, ta ƙara tsawon da hijira. Bugu da kari, da developers sun gudanar kara da nuni da stealth submarine.

A farkon, shi aka shirya don saki ashirin-submarine raka'a karkashin aikin "Antaeus." A submarine K-148 "Krasnodar" yana dauke da farko nukiliya submarine wannan aji. Yana da aka kaddamar a 1986. Ya kasance nan da nan shirye don K-173 "Krasnoyarsk" domin wannan submarine. A halin yanzu, wadannan submarines ne a cikin zubar jihar. Ko da yake an shirya ta Soviet jagorancin serial samar da ashirin submarines, shi aka saki kawai goma sha raka'a na aikin "Antaeus." A submarine K-141 "Kursk" a shekarar 1994 saki aka sunk a watan Agusta 2000.

NPS a matsayin wani ɓangare na Rasha Navy

A wannan lokaci a cikin sabis na Rasha Federation Navy kunsa da wadannan aji nukiliya submarine "Antey":

• K-119 "Voronezh" (Arewa rundunar motoci).
• K-132 "Irkutsk" (Pacific rundunar motoci).
• K-410 "Smolensk" (Arewa rundunar motoci).
• K-456 "Tver" (Pacific).
• K-442 "Chelyabinsk" (Pacific rundunar motoci).
• K-266 "Eagle" (a halin yanzu a Jihar gyara).

• K-186 "Omsk" (Pacific).
• K-150 "Tomsk". (Pacific rundunar motoci).

Wani aikin halitta 949 "Antey" submarine K-135 "Volgograd" yanzu a kan kiyayewa. A K-139 "Belgorod" An riga an gama aikin 09 852.

Inji NPS 949

Submarines "Antey" type sun doublecase makirci: haske hydrodynamic m cylindrical harsashi na kewaye da ciki, wanda shi ne daban-daban daga m high ƙarfi. A kauri daga ganuwar ta fi 6 cm By irin doublecase submarine gine yana da wadannan abũbuwan amfãni .:

• Submarines samar high buoyancy.
• NPS kare daga karkashin ruwa fashewar.
• Submarines da wani ƙara hijira.

Housing submarines kunshi wadannan sassan:

• Torpedo.
• Management.
• Sashe don su yi yaƙi tashoshin da rediyo dakin.
• Zamansu.
• Katin for lantarki da kayan aiki da kuma karin kayan aiki.
• Reactor.
• GTZA sashen.
• Sashe da propulsion mota.

A taron na hadarin nukiliya submarine jirgin sanye take da biyu zones (baka da tsananin), a cikin abin da wani ƙungiya iya jira ceto. The ƙungiya kunshi 130 mutane. A cewar wasu bayanai, da lambar da bai wuce 112. A standalone yanayin, da submarine iya zama ba fiye da kwanaki 120.

Description ikon shuka

Block GEU Premier League kunshi biyu nukiliya reactors OK-650B da biyu tururi inji mai farfela-9 OK. Su iya aiki ne 98 dubu. L. wani. Sun yi aiki ta hanyar yin amfani da tsefe sukurori kaya. NPS yana da biyu ƙarin dizal janareta DG-190 damar ba kasa da 8 ga watan. 700 l. wani.

Submarine fama iko

Domin Premier League, "Antey" samar da Sonar tsarin MGK-540 "Skat-3" da kuma tsarin, samar da sarari bincike, niyya da kuma yaƙi management submarine. Bayani samu ta hanyar tauraron dan adam, ko jirgin sama shiga submarine amfani musamman antennas. Bugu da kari, da sub-aji "Antey" iska towed eriya "Catfish".

Its wuri ne aft stabilizer. Displacer eriya type "Catfish" ne aka yi nufi ga samun radio saƙonni da kuma sakonni jirgin ruwan wanda ya jure mai girma zurfin ko a karkashin wani lokacin farin ciki Layer kankara.

Kewayawa a cikin submarine samar da wani musamman sa na "Symphony-da su." High daidaito, dogon zangon da juz'i na bayanai ne halayyar fasalulluka na wannan kewayawa tsarin.

The m submarines?

Makamai submarines "Antey" type aka wakilta iri biyu:

• Anti-jirgin da makamai masu linzami (RCC) P-700 "dutse" (24 raka'a). A wuri na makami mai linzami zama kwantena ga yankan garesu na matsa lamba ƙwanso bango (tsakiya na submarine). Domin ƙulli amfani musamman-cover cowls, wanda wani bangare ne na m casing. Container saka tilted 40 digiri. Da makamai masu linzami da za a iya amfani da a matsayin al'ada (har zuwa 750 kg) da kuma sanye take da makaman nukiliya warheads. PRK motsi a gudun 2.5 m / s da dabara nesa zuwa 550 km.
• Mino-torpedo shambura (hudu guda). Biyu daga gare su, da wata zamo kamar 533 mm, da kuma sauran - 650 mm. Suna tsara don fire biyu al'ada torpedoes, da kuma torpedo-makamai masu linzami. The location of wadannan na'urori ya zama hanci na submarine. Saboda da tsarin alhakin yin canji na atomatik, torpedoes yana da babban kudi na wuta. A cikin'yan minti dukan harsasai, wanda ya kunshi roka torpedoes (12 raka'a) da torpedoes (16 raka'a), za a iya saki submarine "Antey".

fasaha halaye

• NPS yana da wani ruwa hijirar na 12 dubu. 500 cu. m.
• Hijira a karkashin ruwa ne 22 dubu. 500 cu. m.
• Class "Antey" jiragen ruwa a kan ruwa zai iya isa gudu up to 15 kullin.
• A karkashin ruwa sama da gudun 32 kullin.
• Submarines iya nutsa zuwa iyakar zurfin 600 m.
• A standalone yanayin, da submarine iya zama kwanaki 120.

A expediency na serial samarwa "ante"

Kamar yadda muka gani da yawa Rasha masana, submarines rubuta "Antey" a kan ingancinta - mafi fĩfĩta hanyar tafiyad da makiya jirgin sama dako. A 1980, da kudin Manufacturing a submarine ba ya wuce 227 da miliyan rubles (kawai 10% na farashin da American "Roosevelt"). Amma yadda ya dace da na Soviet nukiliya submarine ya sosai high, "Antey" ne mai hatsari ga jirgin sama m, kuma ta rakiyar jiragen ruwa. A cewar wasu masana, da tasiri na "ante" an overstated. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa Premier League - shi jiragen ruwa tare da kunkuntar specialization. A wannan batun, ba za su iya ba da cikakken tsayayya da multipurpose jirgin sama dako.

ƙarshe

1980 Yau aukuwa an dauke su quite rabu amfani. A wannan batun, a shekarar 2011 aka yanke shawarar zuwa maye gurbin SIC "dutse-700" zuwa more zamani da makamai masu linzami "onis" da "zamo".

Wannan zai ba da damar "Antaeus" don zama wani m ga kayan aiki da fadi da iri-iri ayyuka.