A zanen "Breakfast aristocrat" Fedorov. Description na hoto

Humor kuma satire zauna a wuri na musamman a rayuwarmu. A marmarin yin ba'a wani (as a da kyau da kuma a cikin mugunta, cynical iri) ne muhimmi a kusan kowa. Art ne ba togiya. Poets, marubuta, artists da kuma wakilan sauran m fasahohin biya su da hankali a kusa da m da kuma m, cewa zai iya yin sabon launuka a cikin rayuwar yau da kullum. A munasaba da wannan muradi ya faru a cikin al'adu rayuwa na al'umma yawa da suka wuce.

A cikin Rasha satirical zanen bautar wani wuri na musamman Pavel Andreevich Fedotov. "Breakfast aristocrat" - wani hoto, da aka sani kuma karkashin marubucin sunan "ba a lokacin da bako", wanda shi ne daya daga cikin mafi shahara da kuma recognizable ayyukan zane-zane.

Rayuwa da rabo daga cikin artist

Pavel Andreevich Fedotov aka haife kan Yuni 22 (Yuli 4) a 1815 a Moscow. Mahaifinsa mai ritaya jami'in da suka bauta wa a Moscow majalisa decorum. A 1826, Paul ya zama wani almajiri daga cikin Moscow yar jam'iyyar kadet Corps, ya kammala karatunsa tare da karrama, sa'an nan bauta shekaru 10 a St. Petersburg Finland rajimanti. A lokaci guda ya na da hannu a cikin zane aji Academy of Arts, kuma nan da nan ya zama sananne a cikin kunkuntar da'irori gode wa basira da kuma kunno kai daga karkashin goga regimental Genre almara, m, romantic zane, kazalika da hotuna na 'yan'uwanmu sojoji. Aikinsa ya samu yardar ba kawai 'yan'uwanmu sojoji, amma kuma da iyali na sarki, musamman magajin a kan karaga, Grand Duke Alexander Nikolaevich. Musamman biyu zane-zane da aka rubuta ta domin.

Bayan kammala karatu a 1844, da sabis, Fedotov ya yanke shawarar ya kebe kansa da rubuce-rubuce da kuma ci gaba da ziyarci Academy, wato aji yaƙi zanen. Amma ta kasance ba su da sha'awar da shi, kuma nan da nan artist koma kusa da aiki a cikin Genre, kira shi ba kawai a matsayin wani halin kirki-m scenes na zamani a rayuwar, wanda sun hada da zane "Breakfast aristocrat", rubuta a 1850. Shekaru biyu baya, a 1848, ya nuna aikinsa Karl Pavlovich Briullov, wanda yana sanya su high alamomi da kuma karfi da goyon bayan Fedotov.

A ta gajeren rayuwa, Paul A. halitta zane-zane da cewa sun zama misalai na Genre zanen da yin fun na dukan jigon da rai na galihu strata na zamani al'umma. Ya mutu 14 (26) a watan Nuwamba 1852 a wani asibitin ga tunani da rashin lafiya bayan da exacerbation da shafi tunanin mutum rashin lafiya, aka binne shi a cikin Smolensk hurumi a St. Petersburg.

Creativity Pavel Fedotov

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, da babban Genre na ayyukan da artist zama iyali. A 1846, sai ya fara Master da dabara na mai zanen a kan aiwatar da aiki a zane "The sabo cavalier." A shekara daga baya, Paul A. fentin "choosy amarya", wanda ya sa aka ni'imtar da ita da lakabi na Academician, kuma a cikin kaka 1848 gan hasken zanen "Courting Major", wanda ya kawo shi da farko wuri tsakanin m al'amuran artists.

A 1850 (Fabrairu zuwa May) Fedotov ya a Moscow, inda zanen "Breakfast aristocrat" da aka kammala, aiki a kan wanda ya fara a St. Petersburg. Daga baya rubuta zane "bazawar", da mãkirci na wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa da mutuwar mijinta da 'yar'uwarki ta wani artist. A karshe na ayyukansa "Encore, Encore!" Kuma "Yan wasan". Bayan da cewa, kiwon lafiya da aka ba a yarda ya yi aiki a kan, amma gaskiyar cewa an halicce, ya bar ta alama a cikin tarihi na Rasha zanen.

Tarihi na halitta

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, a 1850 da artist sauke karatu daga daya daga cikin shahararrun zane-zane "Breakfast aristocrat." A zanen Fedotova, rubuta bayan da laifin nasarar "Courting Major", da aka yi wahayi zuwa da satires, marubucin sunansa zauna ba a sani ba (mai yiwuwa, shi ne to da wani matashi marubuci Ivan Goncharov): "Kuma idan ka yi kokarin bazata zo irin wadannan mutane gida da kuma same su mamaki? "na ce da shi ya sosai a kusa da artist, kuma mafi sauki hanya ya zuwa aiwatar da wannan sanarwa. Duk da haka, da zane-zane ba rakumi da jaraba, da kuma na kama da lokacin gabanin shi.

Abin da muka gani a cikin hoto?

Lalle ne shĩ, analysis cancanci abin da aka nuna a kan daya daga cikin mafi recognizable zane-zane, wanda rubuta Paul Fedotov, "Breakfast na wani aristocrat." Description of hoton a cikin mafi m launuka dace da abin da artist aka dauke ta su kerawa. Yana isgilancinsu mutum mũnãnan ayyuka a duk su manifestations.

Kallon zane, muna ganin wani matashi bafadan, tsoratar da rufe da Burodi na baki burodi, wanda shi ne duk abin da ya safe abinci, a lokacin da sauti na zambiyõyin kutsawa. An artist a kowane daki-daki kewaye da gwarzo ne bayar da layout: wani akwatin daga karkashin buga bene na cards karkashin tebur, nuna caca. rufe sauki karin kumallo littafin, a cikin abin da daya daga cikin fashion a lokacin da litattafan da aka buga; Talla posters da Theatrical yi oysters sanya a kan kujeru (na karshe ziyarar da aka wajabta abin shagala kawai ga wadanda mutane matasa na lokacin). dandified miya riga, sewn a cikin latest Paris fashions.

Amma da mafi kaifin kashi, wanda za a iya kammala hoto bayanin Fedotova "Breakfast aristocrat" - gaba daya komai, kuma ya jũya daga cikin wata jaka. The artist a cikin halayyar iri ridicules Saboda ƙaunar da su, kuma congenial batutuwa: mutum girman kai, girman kai, ostentatious rayuwa, hankali boye a karkashin mask talauci na waje da walwala da kuma haske. Ya kamata a lura da cewa harafin da aka nuna a kan zane da aka hali na lokaci, da cewa ba ya bar wani shakka game da dacewar da labarin, wanda ya juya Fedotov.

Fate ayyukansu

A halin yanzu, da zanen "Breakfast aristocrat", tare da sauran muhimman ayyuka da artist, an located in Moscow, a Jihar Tretyakov Gallery a Lavrushinsky Lane. A lokacin, Pavel Tretyakov, kafa gidan kayan gargajiya, ya iya tattara wasu rare hoto ayyukan farkon lokacin kerawa Fedotov. Yau, suna adana a cikin tarin da gallery, amma ba ya nuna a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya. Zane-zane, makale a cikin taro ne kawai daga baya, wani ɓangare na dindindin nuni. Wannan zanen "Breakfast aristocrat", wanda ya zama batu na wannan labarin, kazalika da zane-zane "Courting Major", daya daga cikin marubucin kofe "bazawar", "Fresh cavalier" da "fahimta amarya."

Darajar halittar Paul Fedotov a Rasha zanen

Muhimmancin wanda aka nuna a cikin ayyukansu, da artist, da wuya a overestimate. Ya aka gaskiya kira da kafa wannan salo a gani zane-zane a matsayin m da labarun almara. A kan aiwatar da m ci gaban da shi peculiar to shi a farkon hauhawar songs da yawa sassa na koma zuwa mafi sauki da kuma halitta hanya. Ya zane-zane da matabbata a cikin art na wani sabon salo na satirical zane-zane da kasa launuka, wanda ya ba da ƙasa domin aikin wasu matasa artists.