A tsarin na sulhu kotuna na Rasha Federation. A tsarin da sulhu tsarin na Rasha Federation

Tattalin arziki da rigingimu, watau, wadanda cewa unsa daban-daban tattalin arziki jamiái a Rasha za a iya warware da taimako na sulhu kotu. Mene ne ƙayyadaddu aikinsu? Abin da dokokin gudanar da mulki da ayyukan sulhu?

Task da sulhu kotu

La'akari ga fara sa'an nan, yanke shawarar abin da ayyuka da tsarin shari'a na sulhu kotuna na Rasha Federation. Su bayani dalla-dalla aka bayyana a raba tarayya dokokin yi - APC RF. A daidai da Code, da tsarin na sulhu kotuna na Rasha Federation solves matsalolin dangantaka da ƙuduri, kamar yadda muka gani a sama, tattalin arziki da rigingimu - wadanda shafe kasuwanci abokai: mutum, 'yan kasuwa, daban-daban kasuwanci da kamfanoni, kamfanonin ketare.

Ayyukan dacewa da shari'a cibiyoyin kayyade ta APC da kuma wasu kafofin na dokar, musamman Tarayya Constitutional Law a kan kararrakin Kotunan. A cikin jerin ayyuka don magance daukar cibiyoyin hada da:

• kariya daga hakkoki da abubuwan da bukatun mutane tsunduma a harkokin kasuwanci da ayyukan, kazalika da jihar da kuma na birni hukumomi a fagen kasuwanci.
• tabbatar da samuwar sulhu da adalci a gare daban-daban kasuwanci.
• m ƙuduri na rigingimu a cikin m timeframe.
• karfafa da ma'aikata na doka, haramun ce, kuma rigakafin aikata laifukan, a fannin tattalin arziki da aiki;
• karfafa kiyayewa da jama'a da kungiyoyi da dokar.
• da ayyukan tasoshin, ruri na ci gaba tsakanin abokai tarayya.
• xa'a na kasuwanci sadarwa.

Normative tsari na sulhu kotunan tsarin

Bari yanzu mu bincika a more daki-daki ne abin da normative abubuwa kayyade tsarin na sulhu kotuna na Rasha Federation. Da muhimman hakkokin tushen dokar, wanda dole ne a tushen a cikin aiki na sulhu kamar yadda, lalle ne, wani cibiyoyin, 'yan ƙasa da kuma kungiyoyi - da Rasha kundin tsarin mulki. Musamman, cikin tsari na arbitral aikace-aikace da aka yafi ƙaddara da dokar da ke jihar, kazalika da:

• Tarayya Constitutional Law "A cikin tsarin shari'a".
• Tarayya Constitutional Law "A sulhu kotunan".
• APC RF.
• wasu dokokin na tarayya, da ikon yinsa, daga abin da kara zuwa ga ayyuka na sulhu.

RF APC buga misali, bisa ga abin da arziki na kasa da kasa yarjejeniya za a iya amfani a Rasha Federation, idan ta tanadi wasu dokoki fiye da wadanda cewa ana gyarawa a cikin hukuncinSa. A saurarenta kamata a yi amfani ne kawai ga halin yanzu guzuri na shari'a. A cikin taron cewa daya ko wani na kullum cikin procedural dokar, wanda ake bukata domin kimantawa da sakamakon wasu doka dangantakar a cikin tsarin na taron ne ba a cikin dokokin, da tsarin na sulhu kotuna na Rasha Federation da aka zamar masa dole za a shiryar da manufa na misalin dokar. Wato, da muhawara a cikin mahallin kama doka norms cewa gwada dangantakar alaka yankunan.

Bari yanzu mu bincika abin da yake da kararrakin Kotun na Rasha Federation matsayin mai zaman kanta doka ma'aikata. Domin wannan mun tũba zuwa arziki na Tarayya Constitutional Law "A sulhu kotu".

Kararrakin kotunan matsayin mai zaman kanta doka ma'aikata

A cewar wani lura tushen shari'a, sulhu ne tarayya kotu. A tsarin hada da dacewa cibiyoyin:

• circumferential sulhu kotunan (su ne ma cassation).
• kotun] aukaka} shari'a cibiyoyin;
• fitina kotuna na RF batutuwa.
• musamman kotu.

A baya can, mafi girma-ranking dillancin cikin dacewa da tsarin ne Koli kararrakin Kotun na Rasha Federation. Duk da haka, a shekarar 2014 da majalisar don aiwatar da sauye-sauye, wanda ke haifar da jakar kwai ayyuka dauka a kan da Kotun Koli. Bari mu bincika a cikin mafi daki-daki cikin siffofin na wadannan canje-canje a dokokin Shari'a.

Shari'a garambawul a 2014

Saboda haka, a farkon shekarar 2014 da majalisar da aka qaddamar kyautatuwa:

• a FKZ "A Kotun Koli".
• a FKZ "A cikin tsarin shari'a."

A cewar su, kamar yadda muka gani a baya sama, da ayyuka na RF bayan gabatarwar dacewa gyara a cikin karfi a watan Agusta 2014 shige karkashin iko na Armed Forces. An kafa musamman hanya ga samuwar abun da ke ciki na alƙalai a cikin tsarin na Armed Forces, ya samu sabon iko.

Wannan garambawul, bisa ga abin da Rasha Federation Koli kararrakin Kotun aka yadda ya kamata soke matsayin mai zaman kanta institute of dama, ya sa quite mai yawa zargi. Kamar yadda masana ga waɗanda gogewar da cewa asali mallaki Armed Forces, shi ne ba haka ba sauki don motsawa zuwa ga matakin da wasu hukumomin} asar. A wannan batun, bisa ga masana, zai iya rage ingancin lokuta a cikin tsarin na sulhu aikace-aikace.

Ko dai hanya, da gyara daga cikin shari'a tsarin ya faru. Duk wani kararrakin Kotun na Rasha Federation daukawa fitar da ayyukan a view da cewa mafi girman dalili a warware tattalin arziki da rigingimu a halin yanzu yana da Armed Forces.

Mu yanzu la'akari da musamman fasali na musamman jinsunan sulhu kotuna, wanda aka nuna ta da mu sama: ta gundumar, kotun] aukaka}, yin rawar da farko misali na cibiyoyin cewa aiki a matakin da RF batutuwa, kazalika da qware. Domin wannan mun tũba zuwa arziki na Tarayya Constitutional Law "A cikin tsarin shari'a."

Gundumar kotu: siffofin cika da ayyuka

Saboda haka, tsarin na sulhu kotuna na Rasha Federation hada da cibiyoyin da cewa yin ayyuka a gundumar matakin. Wadannan arbitrations ne ma cassation. Yana iya lura da cewa su la'akari da rigingimu a farkon misali. Ya kamata a lura cewa gundumomi sulhu daidai da doka, su ne m ga cibiyoyin kamar:

• Roko Kotun;
• cibiyoyin cewa yin ayyuka a matakin da RF batutuwa.

A wannan yanayin, da iri da kungiyoyi dole ne a located a cikin ƙasa na gundumar, sai dai wasu sharudda ba a tsare a cikin tarayya kundin tsarin dokar. Hakazalika, da iko, da samuwar na algorithm, kazalika da hanya ga shirya da ayyukan gundumar fatarsa kafa a matakin na FCL.

kotunan] aukaka}

A gaskiya, da kotun] aukaka} kotu na sulhu a matsayin mai zaman kanta doka ma'aikata ne ma ba a cikin dacewa tsarin. Its iko ana sake kafa a Rasha Tarayya Constitutional Law. A cikin ta iyawa, wadannan cibiyoyin iya la'akari da al'amarin ga sabon ko sabuwar tasowa yanayi.

Kararrakin a Rasha yankuna

Misalan dacewa cibiyoyin - da arbitral kotun ko gefen yankin, wanda ya samar da wani raba batu na Rasha Federation. Ainihin iko na wadannan kungiyoyi suna hade tare da gwamnatin da adalci a matakin farko misali, kazalika a kan sabon ko sabuwar fito yanayi.

A batu na Rasha Federation, kuma aka dauke su a birnin tarayya muhimmanci. Saboda haka, akwai da sulhu kotu na Moscow, St. Petersburg. Its ayyuka da kuma iko na dacewa hukumomin a tambaya. Kararrakin Kotun Moscow yankin za su gudanar da ayyukansu, daga babban birnin kasar. A wannan za a iya ce da St. Petersburg da kuma Birnin Leningrad yankin. A kararrakin Kotun St. Petersburg solves rigingimu tasowa tsakanin tattalin arziki da abokai da cewa aiki a cikin birnin. Kararrakin a Birnin Leningrad, yankin zai la'akari lokuta shafe kamfanonin, wakiltar su Game da yankuna.

Kararrakin Kotun na filin ko wasu irin mahaluži na Rasha Federation daukawa fitar da ayyukan a wannan hanya da cewa, kamar yadda a cikin yanayin da suka gabata cibiyoyin, aka ƙaddara a matakin tarayya kundin tsarin dokar.

Wani irin sulhu - ne na musamman kotu. Su ma suna da tarayya matsayi. La'akari da siffofin su aiki a more daki-daki.

musamman arbitrations

A gaskiya, musamman tarayya kotunan na iya zama dole sulhu. Yana yiwuwa su yi ayyuka da suka shafi administrative da} ararrakin, wanda aka kullum dake a cikin iko na kotu na janar iko. Duk da haka, idan ya cancanta, za su iya yi da ayyuka na musamman fatarsa. The domin na samuwar, kamar yadda shi ne yanayin da sauran hukumomin, kamar District, [aukaka {ara, kotun sauraron kararrakin na jumhuriya, ƙasa ko yankin da aka ƙaddara da matakin na FCL.

Kotun ga hikimar haƙƙoƙin mallaka

Wani misali da wani musamman sulhu - kotu don hikimar haƙƙoƙin mallaka. Wannan shiri ya wadãtu da rigingimu da suka shafi aiwatar da hakkokin. A wannan yanayin, Kotun hikimar haƙƙoƙin mallaka a lokaci guda na da ikon ga gwamnatin da adalci a matakin farko da kuma cassation lokutta.

Saboda haka, za mu dubi cikin muhimman bayanai game da tsarin na sulhu kotuna na Rasha Federation, wanda shi ne ma'aikata ta wakilta. Zai zama da amfani, don su bincika wasu daga cikin nuances na wannan tsarin. A musamman hanya mahukunta suna nada a cikin sulhu. Don yin wannan, mu juyo zuwa arziki na Tarayya Constitutional Law "A sulhu kotu", kazalika da ci gaba da ta dokokin.

Nada alƙalai a cikin sulhu

Nada shugabannin da su wakilai,, kazalika da mahukunta daidai da arziki a duk iri cibiyoyin:

• Tarayya Constitutional Law "A cikin tsarin shari'a".
• "A cikin Status of Mahukunta" dokar da Rasha Federation.

Babban yanayin karkashin wanda wani dan kasa da aka sanya wa kararrakin Kotun Moscow, St. Petersburg, yanki, lardin, gundumar, - shi ne don samun yarda na wasan share fagen shiga Board. Bi da bi, da jiki za ma yanke shawara a kan a saki mahukunta daga ofishin. Duk da haka, da suka da za a iya] aukaka} ara zuwa horo Board na RF Armed Forces.

Kudi da ayyukan sulhu

A ci gaba da al'amari na sulhu aiki da muka yi nazarin - kudade. Yana yana da za'ayi a kudi na tarayya kasafin kudin. Kudi na kotu na Armed Forces ne da za'ayi shan la'akari da matsayin da Shari'a ta Amirka. Saboda haka, tabbatarwa da wuraren karkashin shawara ne da za'ayi a tsakiya. A kararrakin Kotun na Moscow Region, babban birnin kasar, County amfani tarayya kasafin kudin.

A size da kuma tsarin da arbitrations

La'akari kuma da hanyar da hukuncin da Rasha Federation ke kula da size da kuma tsarin da wadannan cibiyoyi. Yana iya lura cewa Figures aka kafa da kasafin kudin dokokin, domin, kamar yadda muka gani a sama, arbitral awards ne da kuma tallafin da Jihar kasafin kudin. A wannan yanayin, da size da kuma tsarin da takamaiman shari'a cibiyoyi, irin su da kararrakin Kotun St. Petersburg, Moscow, yankuna, yankuna da niyya na Armed Forces a cikin iyãkõkin da kasafin kudin dokokin.

A na'ura na arbitral kotun

Wani al'amari na cibiyoyin dauke da cewa zai zama da amfani don yin karatu, - aiki na na'urar. Wannan jiki ne ke da alhakin kungiya tallafi na aikin sulhu. Ido, da ya dace na'urar takamaiman shugaban arbitral shari'a. Babban ayyuka da za a Kanmu da wannan jiki:

• pre-fitina m na mutane da suke da hannu a rigingimu.
• samun da bayarwa na daban-daban takardun, da aiwatar da su duba.
• gudanarwa da aikin al} alai kamar yadda wani ɓangare na da shirye-shiryen da shawara na rigingimu.
• kiyayye records na daban-daban lokuta.
• karatu da kuma takaita kunno kai fikihu;
• Shiri na daban-daban bada shawarwari don gabatar da zama dole gyara ga dokokin.
• bayanai da kuma tunani aiki.
• ilimin kididdiga records ga babban ayyukan;
• da dabaru da na ma'aikata.
• goyon bayan tilasta yin aiki da dokokin bayar da kotu.

The ayyuka na kotu ma'aikatan da aka kayyade ta musamman arziki. Ya Amince da Ita ta Shari'a Department na RF Armed Forces. Domin magance takamaiman al'amurran da suka shafi cewa taso a cikin shawara na wasu lokuta, su inji da yake faruwa a wani rukuni na mashawarta wanda ake da gwaninta na yin aiki. A total number of ma'aikata dauke cibiyoyin na'urori, ciki har da ba ma'aikata da hannu a cikin kariya, tabbatarwa da gine-gine, tabbatarwa da kai kayan aiki, aka bayyana ta da kasafin kudin dokokin.

Tsari da kuma yawan sulhu na'ura shigar shugaban kotun, batun yarjejeniyar da Shari'a Department a cikin Armed Forces dangane Manuniya a tsare a matakin da kasafin kudin dokokin. Kotun ma'aikatan iya suna da matsayi na ma'aikata. Su hakkoki da wajibai aka ƙaddara da raba dokokin na tarayya, da kuma sauran shari'a ayyukan soma domin inganta tsarin shari'a tsari na jama'a bãyinSa. Hakkoki da wajibai na kotu ma'aikatan wanda ba su da ma'aikata matsayi, suna gudana ta Labor Code.

summary

Saboda haka muka yi karatu fasali na tsarin na sulhu kotuna na Rasha Federation. Wadanda wakilta 4 asali iri: circumferential, roko, jirãge RF batutuwa, kazalika da musamman sulhu.

The ayyuka na dacewa da cibiyoyin da aka kayyade dokar tarayya. Tun 2014 da mafi gwaninta a cikin sulhu tsarin yana da Kotun Koli. Shi ne da alhakin samuwar na kwamitin al} alai, a takamaiman cibiyoyin cikin wadanda sigogi ma'aikatan lambobi, wanda aka kafa ta hanyar kasafin dokokin. Yana, bi da bi, da kayyade yadda tsarin za a kudi da Rasha sulhu kotu.

Dauke cibiyoyin shirya tattalin arziki da rigingimu da hannu na 'yan kasuwa, kasuwanci da kamfanoni, gwamnatoci. Organization of aiki na sulhu aiwatar da hukumomin a naúrar.