A tsarin da Ukraine ta GDP. Ukraine ta ci gaban tattalin arziki tun samun 'yancin kai

History of Ukraine matsayin mai zaman kanta a jihar farawa daga Agusta 24, 1991 - da rana na tallafi ta Majalisar Koli na Tarayyar Soviet dokar na Independence. Gudanar Disamba 1, 1991 raba gardama overwhelmingly amince da hukuncin. Abin da nasarar da ya yi da matasa jihar a shekaru 30?

Soviet wasiyya

Kafin rushewar Tarayyar Soviet, Ukraine zauna mafi cigaban jamhuriyar a cikin abun da ke ciki. Ukrainian masana'antu yana da fiye da 300 rassan. Rabo mai girma ta cimma a metallurgy, wutar lantarki, inji aikin injiniya, hakar ma'adinai, sinadaran masana'antu, noma.

A nan ne kawai wasu daga cikin Manuniya na jamhuriyar cikin Tarayyar Soviet:

• 50% tama.
• 36% na karfe.
• 62% na sukari samarwa;
• 32% kayan lambu mai.
• 71% na dabba da kayayyakin.

Bugu da kari, da soja-masana'antu hadaddun aka ɓullo. Famous ballistic makamai masu linzami "Shai an" da aka tattara a Dnepropetrovsk Pivdenmash.

zamani tarihi

Ukraine ta GDP ya US $ 81,5 biliyan. A 1991. A rata na huldar cinikaiya da kuma da tattalin arzikin a duk jamhuriyoyin tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet sa fama da doguwar rikicin a Ukraine. An juya ta zama mafi wuya a 1999, lokacin da Ukraine ta GDP ya ragu zuwa 40,8 biliyan.

A sakamakon rikicin kashe da dama high-tech samar. Babban fitarwa abubuwa a Ukraine sun zauna noma, metallurgy da kuma sinadaran masana'antu. GDP girma a Ukraine ba za ma da gudummawar da rikicin siyasa a kasar. The yawan Ukraine da aka raba game daidai a cikin 2 sassa. Daya za a iya kira a pro-Western, da sauran - pro-Rasha.

A sakamakon haka, Ukraine duk lokacin da ba zai iya yanke shawara tare da ci gaban dabarun. Shugaban aka tare da wani canji da kuma canji mana - zuwa West ko Rasha. A lokacin daya daga irin wannan siyasa exacerbations faru gas rikici da Rasha, wanda a cikin sa farashin shigo da gas ya tashi sharply. Yana wani naushi ga Ukrainian masana'antu.

A ban mamaki events na 2014 da kuma bai sa an kawo karshen hadin gwiwa a tsakanin kasashen biyu. A rikicin na mota masana'antu fadi. Batun sabon motoci zuwa dakatar. Ukraine, GDP da capita wanda ya low kuma haka ne, bisa ga wannan nuna alama slipped zuwa 111th wuri a duniya.

A wani rauni da gwamnatin tsakiya - shi ne ma rarrabe Ukraine. Sayar da kamfanonin a Rasha da kuma Ukraine ya faru a irin wannan hanya. A sakamakon haka, mafi riba masana'antu a hannun wani kunkuntar Layer. Duk wani shugaba na Ukraine ya kamata dole la'akari da bukatun na oligarchic iyalansu, suka yi tsiwirwirinsu gagarumin cin gashin, shiga a cikin rayuwar siyasa, sarrafa da kafofin watsa labarai da kuma gudanar da tsakãninsu boye gwagwarmaya, wanda Makamantan bayanai bayyana a jaridu da talabijin.

Wata matsala - da rikici na shugaban kasa da kuma majalisar dokokin kasar. Hand-ƙara ja da ikon kansu, a sakamakon Ukraine a tarihinta ya ziyarci shugaban kasa da majalisar jumhuriya. Irin wannan yanayi ba taimake ko dai don zuba jari ko ci gaban high fasahar. tsarin da tattalin arzikin ne kullum Sauki, babban fitarwa abu ya da karfe, kuma kayayyakin gona.

Kwatanta da misali daga mai rai a Rasha da kuma Ukraine

Duk da cewa duk macroeconomic Manuniya ne mafi girma a Rasha fiye da a Ukraine, da misali daga mai rai a cikin wadannan kasashe har kwanan nan, ya yi daidai. Bambanci a cikin albashi cika da yawa ƙananan farashin, musamman ga abinci. A kan talakawan a Ukraine suka kudin 30-50% mai rahusa. Mai amfani da sabis kuma har zuwa 2014 a Rasha sun fi tsada.

A 2014-2015, Ukraine da aka tilasta matsin lamba daga IMF tada tariffs a kan wutar lantarki, gas da zafi ga jama'a. Wadannan matakan da aka tsara don daidaitãwa ma'auni na biya ba, amma sun sa ban mamaki impoverishment na yawan jama'a. Ukraine Rasha a yau yayi kama da farkon '90s da wannan matsaloli - tashin a cikin yankin, low misali na rai, wata babbar jama'a bashi da dogara a kan waje creditors.

Ukraine Industry da Region

Idan ka duba a statistics, Ukraine ta GDP da yankuna, ya bayyana cewa babban taimako ga ta samuwar sa Donetsk, Luhansk, Dnipropetrovsk da Odessa yankuna. Lugansk da Donetsk yankuna dokoki guda masana'antu hadaddun - Donbass.

Su taimako ga tattalin arzikin - 17% na GDP. Ga kusan duk ci-ma'adinai masana'antu da kuma da yawa smelters. Well-ɓullo da dabba husbandry da kuma aikin noma. A rabo daga arable ƙasar a cikin wadannan yankunan ne 80%.

Dnipropetrovska yana da arziki adibas tama da kuma wadanda ba ferrous karafa. Bugu da kari zuwa karfe smelting, ta zama sananne ga aikin injiniya da kuma masana'antu a Aerospace da kuma makami mai linzami sassa.

Jagoran a GDP taimako ne Kiev daga 18.9%. Wannan shi ne wani kudi da kuma kimiyya cibiyar na Ukraine. Amma a nan yana da daraja la'akari da cewa da yawa daga cikin mafi girma a kamfanoni rajista a babban birnin kasar, da kuma aiki ne da za'ayi a wasu yankunan.

Yammacin underdeveloped yankin tattalin arziki. Wannan yankin na zaune yafi daga aikin noma da kuma cinikayya. A togiya ne watakila cewa a cikin Lviv, inda akwai masana'antu samar. A arewa maso gabashin Ukraine ne da-ɓullo da sinadaran masana'antu.

Muhimmancin canje-canje a Ukraine ta GDP data

A ko'ina ya samu 'yancin kai, Ukraine ya samu dama rubucen da kuma hambarar da. Bisa ga jadawalin 'yan abubuwa da ka iya haskaka canje-canje a cikin GDP. Daga shekarar 1992 zuwa 1999, GDP drop faru. Sa'an nan ga 8 shekaru na gani da girma da GDP, amma duniya rikicin na 2008 shekaru da buga da Ukraine, wanda ya zo daidai da gas rikici da Rasha da kuma rashin daidaito na shugaban kasar Viktor Yushchenko da shugaban na Tymoshenko gwamnati.

By 2012, shi ya yi nasara a tabbatar da dorewar tattalin arziki, amma ba ga tsawo. Har 2014 shi ci gaba kadan dakushe samar. Murabus na shugaban kasar Yanukovych da m rabuwa da Crimea da yaki a cikin Donbas sun haifar da wani sabon rikicin.

Outlook da Outlook

A cikin hasken da rikici a gabashin Ukraine, ba daga abin da kwanciyar hankali na iya zama babu tambaya. A fall na hryvnia musayar kudi ne sau 3 ya dada tabarbare matsalar na waje bashi. Yanzu ya ya wuce 100% na GDP. Kwararru da yawa suna sa ran zuwa tsoho a waje wajibai na Ukraine a wannan shekara. Da wannan backdrop, da fall a GDP na Ukraine 9% alama sosai kaffa Outlook. Karfafawa da tattalin arziki, da farko dai, ya dogara a kan lõkacin fatara daga soja adawa.