A batu na tunani. Juyin Halitta da ra'ayi

A kowane lokaci da ciki duniya da wani mutum da sha'awar bincike. Saboda haka, bayyanar tunani ya da wata halitta sabon abu. Mene ne abu na ilimin halin dan Adam? Me karatu horo, sunansa fassara a matsayin "sanin rai"?

Mutane da yawa daruruwan shekaru da suka wuce, mutane sun zo ga ƙarshe cewa mutum yana da wani abu na musamman, ko iskar da elusive, abin da ya sa na zama na a ɗaukakakkiya kuma m, ko precipitates da take kaiwa zuwa mutuwa. Sun kira shi da wani abu da rai, amma guda definition ga shi kuma ba su sami, duk da haka, abu ne mai wuya ga wanzu.

Amshin tambayoyi kasance, da kuma sauran, babu kasa mai muhimmanci da kuma m. Alal misali, inda wani mutum ya bayyana, wanda yake fãra saiwoyinsa? Abin da ya faru ga wani mutum bayan mutuwa? Ina da ci gaban bil'adama, to wanda zai kai? Bugu da kari a wadannan na kowa al'amurran da suka shafi mutane damu game da wasu game da kowane, ta damar, damar, manufar. Amsar ta'allaka a cikin al'umma. Yana rike da tara ilmi da kuma canza su, juya cikin wani janar da kuma cikakken hoto na duniya. Wannan tsarin da ake kira mai ganewarsu, shi na samar da bayanai game da duniya, game da wurin mutumin a cikin shi, da kuma a kan ka'idojin hulda tsakanin wadannan biyu canji.

Mutãne yana da matukar dogon lokaci. A wannan lokaci, da falsafa zane-zane bi juna, amma a kowanne daga cikinsu akwai wani wuri ga "rai", ko da yake a daban-daban al'adu, batun tunani ya gane a hanyoyi daban-daban.

mythology

Wannan shi ne na farko misali na mutane, a cikin abin da rãyukansu suka kuma duniya kewaye da mu ne a wani dukan. Mutumin bai ware kansu daga yanayi, har ma fiye da bai shiga cikin adawa da shi. Kõwane abu, shi ne ya anima - ruhu. Ya aka gane a matsayin wani mahaluži m na jiki, amma a sarrafa shi. Akwai wani iyakoki tsakanin mai rai da kuma matattun.

addini

A batu na tunani a cikin addini hotuna na duniya - shi ne rai kamar numfashin Allah, barbashi wanda animates jiki. Ba kowane mutum yana da wani rai, da kuma kawai zaba, kuma tana adawa da jiki da yake kawo sabani a sani na mutane.

halitta-falsafa hoto

Yana da aka gina a kan akida da nutsuwa da kuma sauran. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na falsafa yanayi fara da nunawa farkon kira da kuma bincike. Wannan dabarar ya shafi cikin nutsuwa da kuma m tunani a kan gani. Wannan duniya da aka murmurewa daga mythology na da yiwuwar wani jitu rayuwa cikin jituwa da yanayi. A akida na halitta falsafa na shekaru dubbai professed wayewar na Gabas. A India, Farisa, da China, da batun Psychology - shi ne mutum kai, iko da ilimi, azanci shine da volitional tafiyar matakai.

kimiyya view

Wannan hoto na duniya sun samo asali ne a Turai na 16th karni da kuma aka riddled da sha'awar subjugate dabi'ar mutum. A 18th karni gabatar da manufar "Psychology" da rai, ko da yake ba a wannan duniya view, an daina kira a matsayin rai. Yanzu shi ne ake kira da psyche.

Amsa ga wannan tambaya na abin da yake cikin abu da kuma batun Psychology, a hanyoyi da dama.

1 hanya - "duba da kuma gani". Yawancin lokaci mutane amfani a rayuwar yau da kullum da kuma na yau da kullum tattaunawa show. A yau da kullum ma'anar kalmar "kurwa" ne synonymous tare da "kwarewa", "ciki duniya", "sani". Duk da haka, da kimiyya al'umma ne definition of m.

Hanyar 2 - "list yayi nazarin inda m." Ba wani tunani na wani kimiyya, koma ga bayani game da abin da masana kimiyya ke yi da kuma nuna a cikin yankunan da sakamakon aikinsu. Wannan jiki na ilimi shi ne isa ya sa mutum ya samar da wani ra'ayi game da wani fanni na ilimin kimiyya. Amma ba duk da haka mai sauki a lokacin da muke da tuna abu da kuma abu na tunani. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa daga wani abu, kamar wani rai ma wuya a ware da batun.

3 hanya - to "ƙayyade da dokoki". A kimiyya na tunani halin da wasu ayyuka - tsari, ayyukan, dũkiyarsu da kuma ayyuka. Fahimtar da shi kamar yadda abubuwa ba gani. Wannan shi ne wani muhimman hakkokin bangare, tun da kalmar "kurwa" a matsayin "za", "tunanin", da dai sauransu Shin sunaye cewa ke sa mutum ya sume tunanin wasu abu. P. Ya. Galperin samarwa fassara da batun Psychology - hankali - kamar yadda na musamman dũkiyar sosai shirya al'amari. Wannan definition aka fi amfani da zamani masana ilimin tunani na.