A babban birnin kasar na Dagestan: jan hankali, masallatai, sinimomi Makhachkala. Ina birnin Makhachkala a kan taswira na Rasha?

Dagestan, a Turkic - "ƙasar duwãtsu", shi ne wani m Jamhuriyar Rasha. Its babban birnin kasar, Makhachkala, dauke ba kawai daya daga cikin mafi girma a birane a Arewa Caucasus, amma kuma mafi kyau. Parks, sinimomi, da yawa Inuwa murabba'ai, a hankali kare Monuments - duk wannan ya ba da birnin na musamman launi. A dumi maraba da kuma liyãfa daga cikin gari samar da yawon bude ido da za su lalle ne, haƙĩƙa nufin sake zuwa zo wannan kyakkyawan kusurwa na Duniya.

Tarihi na gari

A wuri inda shine halin yanzu babban birnin kasar na Dagestan, Makhachkala, a zamanin da, shi kayansa mãsu cinikin hanya daga Volga yankin zuwa Farisa. A VII karni akwai wani m birnin Samandar, shi ne babban birnin kasar na Khazars. "A fansa" shi game da Manzon Allah Sallallahu Alaihi Oleg, amma na gane shi ne ya m dan uwan, Prince Svyatoslav. A 966, ya hallaka birnin. A 1722-m, a lokacin da yake yakin neman zabe da Farisa, game da wannan wuri, kusa da garin Tarki ba, amma kusa da teku, Peter na karya up sansanin. A 1844 a nan da aka gina a soja USAID. Muka kira shi Peter mai girma a cikin memory daga cikin manyan sarki. M wuri falala a kansu cewa ci gaban da sauri-tasowa, da kuma takaici. Tuni a cikin 1857-mita, shi zama da aka sani a birnin Petrovsky. Its samar kumbura, da yawan yi girma cikin sauri. A shekara ta 1870 mun gina tashar jiragen ruwa a nan a 1876 - wani madafar giya, 1878 m - bugu latsa, kuma a cikin 1894th fara kwanciya Railway Lines zuwa Vladikavkaz kuma Baku. A shekarar 1918, shekarar da Petrovsk sake masa suna Shamil Kala, so da dorewar memory na kasa gwarzo Imam Shamil. Tun 1921, birnin da aka mai suna bayan wani Bolshevik Magomed-Ali Dahadaeva, wanda aka popularly kira Mahach.

Ina Makhachkala a kan taswira na Rasha

Makhachkala aka located a wani yanki da ake kira Anji-Kala, cewa kumykskogo fassara a matsayin "lu'u-lu'u birni". Wannan shi ne wani karamin tsiri na kwaruruka tsakanin da Caspian Sea da dutsen Tarki-Tau. Biyar kilomita ne PGT Tarki, wanda shi ma yana da ban mamaki tarihi da kuma ta jan hankali. Tarki aka ambata a cikin tarihin VII karni. Sa'an nan da aka wani karamin kauye. By farkon 17th karni da shi ya zama babban birnin Shamkhalate Tarkovsky. A lokacin Persian yaƙi Petra Velikogo Tarki aka dauke da mafi girma a birnin a Dagestan. Kasa wuri Makhachkala ban mamaki. Yana tsaye dama a kan tudu na Caspian Sea kankara-free in winter, kusa da Greater Caucasus Mountains. A kadan m tare da bakin tekun ne a garin Kaspiysk da kuma zurfi a cikin tẽku - Leninkent.

Gudanarwa rabo daga Makhachkala

Dagestan babban birnin kasar ne zuwa kashi uku na birni gundumomi: Leninsky, Kirovsky kuma Soviet. Lenin bautar da kudu-maso-gabashin ɓangare na birnin.
Akwai da dama babban hanyoyin - Imam Shamil, A. Sultan, Peter girma, Hamidov. Har ila yau, akwai wani square mai suna bayan Bitrus mai girma shakatawa da tafiye-tafiye ga yara da kuma manya, "Dragon". Leninsky gundumar aka yi wa ado da m lake da biyu zamani hotel "Ak-Gel" da "Petrovsk". Ga akwai mutane da yawa da shaguna da kuma sufuri hanyoyi. Makhachkala Airport ma nasa ne da Lenin gundumar.

Soviet gundumar nasa ne da tsakiyar birnin. A da karkararta akwai dutsen Tarki-Tau, da tarihi na Makhachkala kuma sanannen Juma Masallaci. Akwai kuma tsakiyar dogo Makhachkala tashar da hasumiya mai fitila.

Kirovsky gundumar geographically mafi girma. A ofishinsa da aka located arewa na Makhachkala, da kuma da yawa makiyayarta, har da sanannen tsibirin Chechnya.

Ruwa birni pool

Dagestan babban birnin kasar ne domin ta shahara arziki albarkatun. A cikin birnin akwai uku dada kyau lake. A cikin Kirov gundumar na splashing kadan elongated siffar dalibi lake. A ranar da gaba da aka gina da eponymous gundumar tare da zamani kayayyakin more rayuwa. A Leninsky gundumar, a kusa da teku, shi ne kyawawan manyan lake Ak-Gel. Yana aka sani na da taso keya contours da kuma nishadi, wanda aka located dama a kan rairayin bakin teku. A kadan m arewa akwai kananan lake da laka Laka. A 20-minti drive daga seaside garin Makhachkala, Kaspiysk ta'allaka ne a kan iyakar da akwai guda biyu ban mamaki tabkuna - Big da Small Tour. Makhachkala ƙasa da aka ketare biyu koguna - Tarnair da Talginka (na biyu suna Cerkez-Ozen). Su bankuna suna gina kyau yawo. Har ila yau a cikin birni akwai wani mutum da aka yi kogin - da tashar na Oktoba juyin juya halin.

yanayin damina

Dagestan babban birnin Makhachkala a wata halitta zone da temperate nahiyar sauyin yanayi. Zafi lokacin bazaar, da wani talakawan zafin jiki na 24 digiri da ruwa da kuma - 22 digiri. A wasu shekaru, iska zazzabi daga May zuwa Oktoba zai iya zama a cikin +30 ... + 38 digiri. Akwai ma sun kasance a cikin tarihi na birnin da kuma musamman a lokacin sanyi lokaci, bazara lokacin da yawan zafin jiki ba ya tashi sama 10 digiri. Winters Makhachkala moderately sanyi, tare da m iska zazzabi na -2 digiri. Sosai da wuya faruwa a yankin da kuma wani unusually sanyi hunturu. Saboda haka, mafi ƙasƙanci zafin jiki na hunturu watanni da ake gyarawa a kusa -26 digiri Celsius. Yanayi a Makhachkala yawanci fada a ko'ina a ko'ina cikin shekara. Kawai a cikin watan Yuli da Agusta, adadin su ne dan kadan m, fiye da sauran lokaci. Iskõki a yankin ne ma matsakaici. Su talakawan gudun - game 4 mita biyu. The kusanci daga duwãtsu halitta Makhachkala ba quite m girgizar kasa halin da ake ciki. The most girgizar kasa a nan a shekarar 1970.

kai

Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na Rasha Dagestan - da jamhuriyar. A babban birnin kasar na cin gashin yankin naúrar - Makhachkala - yana da iska da kuma dogo links to da manyan birane na Rasha Federation. Makhachkala Airport tashi zuwa Moscow, St. Petersburg, Krasnoyarsk, Sochi da kuma wasu sauran garuruwa. International flights zuwa Dubai, Istanbul, Baku, Bishkek. Railway kai ta haɗu Makhachkala zuwa Moscow, St. Petersburg da kuma Astrakhan. Bugu da kari zuwa nesa jiragen kasa, akwai wani commuter a Derbent da Khasavyurt. A Makhachkala akwai cinikayya tashar jiragen ruwan teku da kuma biyu bas tashoshin. Urban kai tsarin bayar da trolley bas da minibuses.

gidajen tarihi

A babban birnin kasar na Dagestan, Makhachkala kula da tarihi. A birnin soja daukakar Dagestan, da Museum of History of Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Jamhuriyar, wanda a halin yanzu vreya bayansa tare da sabon farfado, tarihi da kuma gine-gine da kayan gargajiya. Yana gabatar da 150 dubu farfado, daga gare su - da haihuwa, matukar muhimmanci da rubuce-rubucen da kuma abubuwa na archaeological tono. An sani cewa a cikin ƙasa na Makhachkala, da farko ƙauyuka bayyana a cikin II karni. Don wannan rana birnin ne ba kawai da za ta hanyar da na halitta da kuma siyasa bala'i. Ga shaidarsu za a iya gani a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya, dauke da most a Arewa Caucasus.

Na da babban amfani ne da Museum of "Dagestan kauyen", dake a cikin tsakiyar birnin. A nan ana nuna abubuwan da rayuwar yau da kullum na yan asalin Dagestani ciki gidajensu a shekaru daban-daban, tufafi, makamai. Ƙarami a Makhachkala City Tarihin Museum. Yana da ban sha'awa a cewa an halicce ta 'yan kasa da kansu. Sun kuma bayar da mafi yawan farfado.

Kusan a cikin tsakiyar birnin akwai wani gidan kayan gargajiya - Kayayyakin Arts. A nan, wani na musamman tarin ado art, wanda aka dauke mafi girma a duniya.

gani

Bugu da kari ya na musamman gidajen tarihi, a Makhachkala, akwai mutane da yawa Monuments, m Parks, itace-sahu hanyoyi, ya kuma murabba'ai. A cikin forecourt na tunawa gaishe baƙi Mahach Dahadaevu. Makhachkala kuma bar ƙwaƙwalwar na biyar sau zakaran duniya Ali Aliyev. Constant sha'awa ga masu yawon shakatawa shi ne da wani abin tunawa a Rasha malami. A Makhachkala, da kabarin na Rasul Gamzatov. Ya aka binne shi kusa da matarsa Patimat.

Daya daga cikin shahararrun jan hankali ne Grand Masallaci na Makhachkala. A Makhachkala, shi ne daya daga cikin mafi ziyarci wuraren. Juma gine kamar Blue Masallaci a Istanbul. Yana karuwa a kowace shekara a size, amma suna riƙe ta lissafi rabbai da esthetic jituwa. Wani masallatai guda uku located in Tarki. Located kawai sama da tarihi sansanin soja m. Domin Orthodox mũminai a Makhachkala aiki Dormition Cathedral.

sinimomi

A babban birnin kasar na Dagestan, a dama da za a iya kira a birnin tare da babban m m.

Sinimomi a Makhachkala zauna da muhimmanci wuri a cikin rayuwar 'yan ƙasa da kuma ko da yaushe jawo hankalin masu yawon shakatawa. Drama Theater. Gorky aka kafa a cikin sosai farko. Haka ya faru a alfijir na Soviet ikon - a 1926. A tsawon shekaru, a can ya samu nasarar aiwatar da wasannin productions da aka sani a duk faɗin duniya, aiki shahara artists. Musical Drama Theater. Tsadasa aka halitta a 30s na karshe karni a kauyen Hunzak. Tun shekarar 1968, shi ne a Makhachkala. Bugu da kari ga Avar, birnin yana da Kumyk Music Drama Theater. Salavatova, Lak Music kuma Drama Theater. Kapieva, yar tsana gidan wasan kwaikwayo, wasar kwaikwayo ta waka da kuma rawa, "Gisli" - wasan kwaikwayo songs.

sanatoriums

Da kyau sosai, kuma ban sha'awa yawon shakatawa garin Makhachkala. Photo ta jan hankali, tituna da kuma murabba'ai wannan nuni. Shi ne domin ta shahara likita da zaman lafiya mura. Daya daga cikinsu - da makõma "Talgi". Yana da wani 15-minti drive daga Makhachkala a wani picturesque kwarin Talginskaya kusa dutsen kukuri. Holidaymakers nan ne zamani mahalli, madalla da bincike da kuma cibiyar maganin, kula da kuma liyãfa daga cikin ma'aikatan. Bi a "Talgi" musculoskeletal tsarin, m, fata da kuma gynecological cututtuka.

"Caspian" makõma game da sa'a guda daga Makhachkala ne. Jikinsa gina a cikin dazuzzuka, a kan gaba na Caspian Sea. Ga shi an excellently hada warkewa gandun daji iska, kiwon lafiya-tanadi ruwan Caspian Sea da sihiri ikon duwãtsu. Har ila yau, a Makhachkala ne sanatorium "Dagestan", "Tarnair" da kuma yara biyu ta likita fi cibiyar.