A ɓangaren da na Moscow: da tsarawa, da wuri a kan taswira. Halaye ɓangaren da na Moscow

A babban birnin kasar na Rasha shi ne Moscow - daya daga cikin manyan biranen na zamani a duniya. Yana gida a kan mutane miliyan 12. Ina Moscow? A abin da bangare na kasar shi ne located? Mene ne ɓangaren da na Moscow da kuma Moscow yankin?

Moscow - babban birnin kasar Rasha

A cewar masana tarihi, da farko Moscow ya zama babban birnin na Rasha jihar a farkon 1340. Yau a birnin 12.4 mutane miliyan. Domin wannan nuna alama, Moscow ne daya daga cikin manyan birane goma a duniya da yawan jama'a. Ga shi ne mafi girma library a Turai da kuma daya daga cikin mafi ziyarci jan hankali - Moscow Kremlin.

Mutane sun dade zaba wadannan wurare ga rayukansu. Wannan ne evidenced da yawa archaeological Finds. Daga baya, wani m ɓangaren da na Moscow janyo hankalin zuwa birnin 'yan kasuwa da kuma sana'a. Recent yafi tsunduma a miya na fata, yi na kayayyakin itace, da na baƙin ƙarfe.

Kokarin bayyana asalin sunan wuri "Moscow", da masu bincike ya kasu kashi biyu sansani. A farko aboki shi tare da Old Slavonic harshe, tare da abin da wannan kalmar za a iya fassara a matsayin "dampness." A karshen nace cewa tushen da sunan wuri - Finnish. A wannan yanayin, na zamani sunan "Moscow" za a iya hada biyu Finnish kalmomi: "Sauro" (Bear) da kuma "wa" (ruwa).

Ina Moscow? Biya ƙarin da hankali ga labarin kasa na babban birnin kasar.

kasa wuri

Moscow - wani muhimmin kudi, kimiyya da kuma cibiyar al'adu na Rasha. A birnin da aka kafa a tsakiyar XII karni da kuma a yau shi ne mafi lugar a Turai. Mene ne ɓangaren da na Moscow? Kuma shi ya shafi tarihi na ci gaban birnin?

Moscow aka located a cikin zuciya na gabashin Turai Bayyana, tsakanin Volga da Oka. A birnin kanta tsaye a kan Moscow River, wanda ya ba shi da sunan da. Moscow Relief quite iri-irin: low tuddai Alternate nan tare da low-kwance kwaruruka. A talakawan tsawo daga cikin birane yankin ne 144 mita.

A total tsawon na Moscow daga arewa zuwa kudu - 51,7 km, kuma daga yamma zuwa gabas - 29,7 km. A cikin matsananci kudu maso yammacin na birane yankin fiye da kan iyakoki na Kaluga yankin.

More daidai wurin da Moscow a Rasha map a kasa.

Geographic tsarawa da kuma babban birnin yankin

Halaye na ɓangaren da na Moscow ba zai zama cikakken ba tare da ta tsarawa. Saboda haka, birnin da aka located in Northern kuma Eastern hemispheres na Duniya. Its daidai tsarawa: 55 ° 45 'Arewa. w., 37 ° 36 'gabas. d. Af, a kan wannan latitud ne irin sanannun birane kamar Copenhagen, Edinburgh, Kazan. M nisa daga Moscow zuwa Rasha jihar iyaka ne 390 km.

Amma da nisa tsakanin Moscow da wasu sauran Turai manya da manyan Rasha birane:

• Minsk - 675 km.
• Kiev - 750 km.
• Riga - 850 km.
• Berlin - 1620 km.
• Roma - 2380 km.
• London - 2520 km.
• Ekaterinburg - 1420 km.
• Rostov-on-Don - 960 km.
• Khabarovsk - 6150 km.
• St. Petersburg - 640 km.

Moscow - wani sosai tsauri birni. Saboda haka, da iyakokinta ake kullum canja a cikin shugabanci na bazuwa. A halin yanzu, babban birnin kasar maida hankali ne akan wani yanki na 2561 murabba'in mita. km. Wannan shi ne wajen daidai da yanki na Luxembourg.

Moscow - wani muhimmin kai cibiya

Musamman m ɓangaren da na Moscow da gudummawar da hankali canji na gari a cikin wani muhimmin kai cibiya. Back a 1155 a wadannan wurare ya wuce Andrew Bogolyubskii kafar, ɗauke da banmamaki icon na Our Lady of Vladimir. Yau Moscow haskoki fitar da muhimmanci kai farfajiyoyi a daban-daban kwatance.

A ciki kai tsarin na birnin ne kuma da ci gaba. A Moscow shi aiki biyar da filayen jiragen sama da kuma tara jirgin kasa tashoshin. All yankunan babban birnin densely tsinkãyi da wani cibiyar sadarwa na motar, trolleybus da tram hanyoyi. A Moscow Metro ne daya daga cikin mafi girma a duniya. A total tsawon na ta Lines (daga 12) - 278 kilomita. Af, a cewar daya jarrabawa, a cikin babban birnin kasar akwai wani asiri jirgin karkashin kasa layin a haɗa da Kremlin da soja bunkers ga tsari.

Common fasali na yanayin Moscow

A babban birnin kasar na Rasha da aka located a jamsin na uku orographic Tsarin. Yana Smolensk-Moscow Upland zuwa yamma, Meshchera Shefela a gabas da Moskva-Oka bayyana a kudu. Yana da wannan al'amari da ya bayyana heterogeneity na ta sauƙi. Wasu yankunan dauke da indented Moscow m ravines da bim, yayin da wasu ne lebur da marshy filayen kwari.

A birni ne dake a cikin temperate nahiyar sauyin yanayi tare da matsakaita yanayin zafi a watan Janairu zuwa -10 digiri, a watan Yuli - +18 digiri. Yanayi a Moscow, kamar yadda mai mulkin, ba ya wuce 600-650 mm a kowace shekara.

A cikin birnin su ne ruwanta da dama, koguna, creeks da kananan qarqashinsu. The most daga gare su - da wannan ne Moscow River, Setun, Khodynka, Neglinnaya da Yauza. Duk da haka, a yau mafi yawan Moscow ta "boye" ƙarƙashinsu, a cikin karkashin kasa da kududdufai.

Magana game da wani daya-yanki ko ƙasa cover a cikin babban birnin kamar Moscow ba lallai ba ne. A-free gidaje ko masana'antu yi shafukan da birnin ne ya fi kowa sod-podzolic kasa.

Kusan duk bangarorin Moscow da aka kewaye da gandun daji - Pine, itacen oak, fir da Linden. A wannan birni halitta mai yawa na Parks, gõnaki, kuma kore yankunan. Most halitta shakatawa a cikin babban birnin kasar - "Elk Island".

Tattalin arziki da kuma ɓangaren da na Moscow da ta kimantawa

birnin sosai da amfani ga EGP. Da farko, a kai ra'ayi. Muhimmanci hanyoyi da Railways a haɗa Moscow ba kawai ga manyan birane a Rasha, amma kuma tare da sauran kasashen da ke kusa da kasashen waje. Bugu da kari, mun gwada kusa da birnin ne m man fetur da kuma metallurgical tushe na jihar.

Na biyu m factor Moscow EGP - shi ne babban birnin matsayi. Shi ya m jeri a cikinta, daga key gwamnatin jikinsu, waje ofisoshin jakadancin, jami'o'i da manyan cibiyoyin kudin.

A general, m ɓangaren da na tsakiya Moscow domin da dama ƙarni ne babban factor a ci gaban tattalin arziki. Yau, a cikin babban birnin kasar da kuma ta kewaye yankunan kafa da kuma aiki hudu free tattalin arziki zones.

A ɓangaren da na Moscow yankin

Idan ka yi magana a alamance, babban birnin kamar yadda shi ya ta'allaka ne a kula da makamai na Moscow yankin da kuma Moscow, kamar yadda suka so a kira wannan yankin informally. By yankin, shi ne 55th memba na Rasha Federation.

Moscow yankin zubar cikin Gabas Turai bayyana kuma shi ne kai tsaye dab Kaluga, Smolensk, Tverskoj, Yaroslavl, Vladimir, Tula kuma Ryazan yankin. The taimako na yankin ne yafi lebur. Kawai a yamma yanki dan kadan vskholmlena.

albarkatun ma'adinai ba arziki. A cikinta akwai kananan adibas na phosphate dutse, sandstone, farar ƙasa, lignite da peat. Moscow aka located a cikin sashi na matsakaici nahiyar sauyin yanayi tare da gumi lokacin bazaar, kuma ake yin dusar ƙanƙara winters isa. A yankin ya ci gaba hydrological cibiyar sadarwa. The most waɗansu kõguna na Moscow Region - Moscow, Oka, Klyazma, Sturgeon.

Ban sha'awa, gaskiya ne: yanki kusan equidistant daga cikin mafi kusantar Tekuna (Black, Baltic, White kuma Azov). Ta hanyar da ƙasa ke ketare muhimmanci kai hanyoyi a haɗa Rasha da kasashen Gabashin Turai.

Modern Moscow yankin - wannan shi ne wani muhimmin masana'antu yankin. Bisa ga total girma na masana'antu samar, ya ranked tara a Rasha.

ƙarshe

Saboda haka, abin da siffofi da rarrabe ɓangaren da na Moscow? Kamar yadda wani ƙarshe muna lissafa mafi wurin hutawa daga gare su:

• Moscow aka located a Turai bangare na kasar a 55th layi daya na Arewa yammancin duniya.
• Rasha babban birnin kasar da aka located a cikin zuciya na gabashin Turai Bayyana, a sashi na matsakaici nahiyar sauyin yanayi.
• to dama manya na Turai Moscow ne mafi kusantar nesa fiye da a wasu manyan birane na kasar Rasha;
• birnin da aka located a tsaka-tsaki na da muhimmanci kai hanyoyi, ya dade da aka haɗa da Turai zuwa Rasha da kuma Asia.
• dukan amfanin Moscow Gwargwadon wuri ne kawai in ji ta zuwa babban birnin kasar status.