"Wolves Doenitz 'submarines kuma Uku Reich

The darajar teku yan hanyoyi a cikin yakin duniya na biyu ba za a iya overestimated. Tun 1939, da tambaya da samar da dakarun, da isar da soja agaji, abinci, man fetur, magani da sauran dabarun kaya kai tsaye shafi Birtaniya ta ikon tsayayya mãsu alãma daga Nazi Jamus.

Tun da 1941, da Ka taimaka-Lease da Tarayyar Soviet a yakin quncin rai Hitler, kuma ya yi duk abin da ya hana arewacin convoys kan hanyar zuwa Murmansk da Arkhangelsk. A mafi muhimmiyar rawa a wannan yaƙi taka leda Luftwaffe jirgin sama da kuma submarines na uku Reich.

Rawar da submarines a cikin sojan ruwa wasan kwaikwayo na soja da aka kiyasta a cikin shekaru na yakin duniya na farko. Duk da ajizanci na fasaha tushe, babban fasaha mafita cewa sun zama kafuwar zamani samfurori da aka ɓullo da a lokaci guda. Bayan da shan kashi na Jamus ya rasa da dama da jin cikakken fledged sojojin ruwa, da kuma a cikin tarzomar, shekaru na tattalin arziki stagnation ya ba up zuwa gare shi.

Duk da haka, akwai mutane da yin mafarki game da wani rematch. Erich Raeder, da gwarzo na teku fadace-fadace, da kuma Admiral, wanda ya zama ministan bayan da rigima murabus daga wanda ya gada Adolf Zenker, a asirce ci gaba da shirin na Tarurrukan Kriegsmarine.

Submarines na uku Reich hukumance kafara domin fama wajibi bayan 1935. A yarjejeniyar da Versailles da acquiescence na Turai ikon da aka yi ba daidai ba, da kuma matsayinsa ya riga yiwu a yi watsi. A lokacin rani na wannan shekara, a birnin London, Jamus da kuma United Kingdom rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniyar soke tonnage iyaka ga German Navy.

Wani taron a 1935, wanda ba a nuna godiya a lokaci soja masana: submarines na uku Reich zo zuwa ga management na Admiral Doenitz. Wannan talented sojan ruwa kwamandan, mutunta, kuma a ƙaunataccen ta Jamus matuƙan, har yanzu haifar da matsaloli da yawa.

By farkon yakin duniya na II duk submarines na Reich aka raba uku azuzuwan: manyan (hijirar na 600-1000 m), matsakaici (740 m) da jigila (250 m). Sun kasance sũ ne 'yan kaɗan, a matsayin wani ɓangare na Kriegsmarine sun kawai 46 raka'a. Doenitz aka ba shi tsoro, ya san game da yiwuwa na Jamus shipyards kuma san cewa mukaddashin fasaha ne fin so, maimakon lamba.

Ko sa'an nan, 22 submarines aka tuba zuwa ga gudanar da wani karin hare-hare. A Jamus jagoranci gane da inevitability na rikici da Amurka, kuma ya shirya don yanke teku yan hanyoyi a fadin Atlantic. Daga bisani submarines 3 Reich yi tsoro aiki a kusa da East Coast.

A tasiri na submarines a cikin na farko lokaci na yaki saboda da yin amfani da sabon dabara, a baya ba a sani ba, kuma ƙirƙira Karlom Denitsem. Ya mai suna ya submarine dangane "kerkẽci fakitoci", kuma su mataki ne quite fit a cikin wannan hoto.

A sojan ruwa kawancen na Birtaniya Tsibirin Ya halitta a tsaye barazana ga sosai zama na Metropolis, ba a ma maganar da dangantaka da mazauna. A lokacin rani na 1940 a kowace rana, mu tafi zuwa kasa da jirgin ruwa 2-3, watanni bakwai Doenitz submarine nutse 343 m marine raka'a. Winston Churchill bayan da yaki kiyasta halin da ake ciki kamar yadda mafi m fiye da sakamakon iska "Battle of Birtaniya".

Don magance wannan barazana emanating daga teku zurfin, ya taimaki sabon Ft Irfan kuma Sonar kayan aiki American-yi, ya zo da navies na Biritaniya, da kuma Tarayyar Soviet. Submarines na uku Reich fara sha tsanani hasarori, kuma bearded "Doenitz Wolves" ya zama wani abu na a Japan kamikaze.

Tsakanin 1939 da 1162 da Jamusanci submarine masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa samar da abar total number of ma'aikatan jirgin su 40 dubu. Man zuwa 1945-th shekara. Fiye da dubu 30. German submariners dauki wani m mutuwa a su "baƙin ƙarfe makarar". A seabed sun 790 submarines, Admiral Doenitz, da suka rasa a cikin wannan mummunan yakin 'ya'ya biyu maza da dan.