Vologda Kremlin Jihar Museum-Reserve (photo)

A tsakiyar Vologda ne tarihi da kuma gine-gine gungu, wanda aka kafa daga umurnin Ivan IV a matsayin sansanin soja (1567) da kuma yi aiki a matsayin mai tsaron gida rawa a cikin XVI - XVII ƙarni. A farkon da XIX karni, da ganuwar da hasumiya da aka dismantled. Yau ne Vologda Kremlin Jihar Museum-Reserve. Za mu gaya muku game da wannan abin tunawa da tarihi da kuma gine.

Vologda Kremlin - Tarihi

Construction na Kremlin fara a spring 1566, a kan Hauwa'u na da Manzanni Jason kuma Sosipater. Ya directed da aikin wani mai ziyartar m daga Birtaniya Hemfri Lokk.

Ivan Grozny ya shirya don amfani da Vologda Kremlin matsayin nasa mazauni. Sanya wa yi na yankinsu daga cikin arewa iyakance kogin Vologda, daga kudu da aka haƙa wuriya, wanda a yau ake da aka sani da kogin scrofula, daga iyaka a wajen yamma gudu cikin halin yanzu Leningrad titi.

A 1571, domin gina aikin da aka dakatar da tashi da na sarki. A wannan lokaci, shi da aka gina da dutse bango da kuma goma sha hasumiya, biyu na wanda, tare da shinge, a kudu maso yammacin kusurwa.

Daga baya a cikin Kremlin bayyana babban coci coci - wani m dutse gini, St. Sophia Cathedral. A lokaci guda akwai wani fādar sarki, aka yi da itace, da kuma Church of Joachim da kuma Anna. katako stockade da kuma 21-hipped hasumiyar da aka gina. Dutse bango ne kawai daga kudu-maso-gabas da kuma arewa-maso-yammacin. Duk da cewa da Vologda Kremlin ba ta riga aka kammala, har ma a lokacin ya buga wa babbar size.

Uku katako hasumiya, da hudu tsaka-tsakin da aka gina a zamanin mulkin Alexei Mikhailovich.

Streets located shiga cikin Kremlin, da aka shirya shan la'akari da shugabanci na babban hanyoyi, wanda aka gina daga Spassky Gate, kuma ya kai ga Saint Sophia Cathedral. Created tsakanin babban na zama tituna da kuma driveways. Jamhuriyar yanki ya zama sananne Sobornaja. A shi su St. Sophia Cathedral, da fādar sarki, da na bishop ta unguwa.

Vologda Kremlin ya jama'a sabis, aka located tare da m bango, wanda ya kai ga sarki mugunta kogin. A akasin wannan akwai kadan rubuce-rubuce bukka - akwai zauna da malaman Attaura. Next kofa da aka tozarta kurkuku, da kuma bayan shi akwai guda takwas granaries inda hatsi da aka adana, taru da County mutane. Just kudu Pyatnitskikh shirya lebe bukka a wadda zauna labial headman. Su gudanar da bincike laifi lokuta. Nan da nan ya aka kewaye da wani high shinge da kuma kurkuku yadi.

A kan ƙasa da Kremlin shi, ya shirya da sanannen shopping yankin. A 1711, goma sha biyu layuka da aka gina a kan shi. Daga baya, lokacin da suke da bai isa ba, shopping da darajõji fara gina a kan bankunan na scrofula.

Tsakanin Spassky da Vologda hasumiyai located Gostiny Dvor, wanda yake a shekarar 1627 da yankin na tsawon na 98 mita 92 kamu. Akwai sarki barns, gina a karkashin wannan rufin, Bitrus da Bulus Church.

Yau Vologda Kremlin - shi ne mai tarihi da kuma al'adu tsakiyar birnin. Ragowar yawa tsaron gida Tsarin yanzu wakilci a cikin nau'i na tafkunan da ramuka, a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya shakatawa da scrofula River.

tarihi gidan kayan gargajiya

A farko gidan kayan gargajiya a Vologda tã bayyana a cikin XIX karni. A da gidan Bitrus I, wadda samu ta farko baƙi a 1885. 11 Bayan shekara (1896) ya bayyana a Vologda diocesan Drevnehranilische a cikinsa akwai antiquities addini dabi'u da kuma muhimmanci takardun na Vologda diocese.

A farko ma'adanar a Vologda bayyana a cikin 1911. By wannan lokaci sun hada da halittar kuma da rodinovedeniya Museum.

A watan Maris shekarar 1923, bisa ga shawarar da hukumomin yankin, duk da birnin ta gidajen tarihi a hade.

A cikin Vologda Jihar Historical da kuma gine-Museum-Reserve an shirya dangane da yankin gidan kayan gargajiya.

Yau da shi haɗa kan bangaskiya Vologda Kremlin da 9 rassan. Su ne:

1. Gine-gine da kuma Ethnographic Museum.
2. Museum of Lace.
3. House of Bitrus I.
4. "Vologda mahada" (gidan kayan gargajiya).
5. House-Museum of AF Mozhaiskogo
6. Apartment Museum Batiushkov KN
7. "Wallafe-wallafe. Art. Century XX »(gidan kayan gargajiya).
8. "Manta Things" (Museum).
9. "Vologda a nuna na XIX - XX ƙarni" (lãbãri).

Sophia Cathedral

Wannan shi ne mafi tsufa dutse gini a birnin. Vologda Kremlin da St. Sophia Cathedral - da m Monuments na gine-gine da kuma tarihi na XVI karni. Haikalin yana da matukar ban sha'awa size. Ganuwar ne 38,5 mita tsawo, tsawo fi 59 mita.

St. Sophia Cathedral misali ne na Rasha coci gine na XVI karni. Irin Tsarin sun kowa a cikin birane, su aka gina bisa ga irin na ɗauka Cathedral a Moscow. Duk da haka, Vologodskiy Cathedral bambanta daga sauran analogues brevity gine wanda ya ba da wani takamaiman Arewa Cathedral stringency.

tsarin fasali

Sophia Cathedral yana da halayyar alama. A daidai da zamanin da canons na Church bagaden coci dole ko da yaushe a iya fuskantar gabas. A umurnin Ivana Groznogo bagaden babban coci da aka gina a cikin irin wannan hanyar da shi ne zuwa ga arewa maso gabashin. Bisa ga masu bincike, Ivan IV so Haikali bagaden ta kogi, ko da yake da shi ya saba wa sunnar coci gini.

Kafin mu lokaci gaba daya kiyaye katako biyar-tiered gilded iconostasis. Yana da aka kafa a 1738 da kuma na uku, tun da gina babban coci. Gumaka a gare shi, ya rubuta wani Yaren mutanen Poland fenta Maxim Iskritsky.

A lokacin da dogon tarihi da St. Sophia Cathedral aka kerata sau da yawa. Its zamani nau'i shi ake samu kawai a cikin XX karni.

A kararrawa Hasumiyar Vologda Kremlin

A 1659 da octagonal dutse belfry aka gina a kan ƙasa da Kremlin.

A 1869, Bishop Palladius, wanda dauke da cewa kararrawa Hasumiyar Cathedral kasance sama da dukan karrarawa a cikin diocese, ya danƙa da m VN Shildknehtu sake gina shi. A alfarwar da aka dismantled da kuma gina a kan tsohon kararrawa hasumiyar har yanzu wanzu a yau, ya nuna arches ringing.

Babban siffa daga cikin kararrawa hasumiya fara Chime, wanda aka sanya a cikin Moscow a factory Gutenop 'yan'uwa (1871). Kuma a yau su ne masu babban birnin domin hours.

musamman belfry

A nan, wani na musamman tarin tsoho karrarawa. Da kyau kiyaye XVII karni kararrawa. Wasu daga cikin su suna da asali suna - "All" (shekarar 1627), "Big Swan" (shekarar 1689), "Little Swan" (1656) da sauransu.

A matakin na shugaban tushe akwai kananan kallo bene. Daga can za ka iya sha'awan da m ra'ayoyi na gari, kogin.

Babi na gilded kararrawa hasumiya. Karshe lokacin da wannan aikin da aka za'ayi a 1982. Sa'an nan kuma ya dauki 1,200 grams na zinariya ganye.

House of Bitrus I

Wannan gidan kayan gargajiya ya fara aiki a Vologda a cikin m 1872. An located a cikin tarihi ɓangare na birnin, a kan bankunan na kogin Vologda, a cikin tsohon gida na Gutmann. Shi ne kadai tsira gini na Dutch fatake. Akwai ne sau da yawa ziyarci da Bitrus I.

Yanzu da gidan kayan gargajiya ta tarin a cikin daruruwan farfado. Dukan su - shiru shaidu na tsohon zamanin. Wannan yanki na furniture, wanda ya zauna a kwarzana "AG" (Adolf Gutmann), na ga masu gidan.

Musamman m farfado ne umarni, cewa kafa ta Peter I. Shi ne, ba shakka, da Order Andreya Pervozvannogo. A waɗannan kwanaki, suka bayar da tare da 38 mutane.

balaguro din

Yau, da yawa daga cikin countrymen zo duba Vologda Kremlin, photos da ka iya gani a cikin wannan labarin.

Museum ya hada da 40 Monuments, total yanki - 9000 sq. m. Yana offers adabi, art, halitta kimiyya, tarihi da kuma ethnographic nuni. A gidan kayan gargajiya ta tarin hada da fiye da dubu 500, abubuwa - m ayyukan art na zamanin d Rasha, Charts, rubuce-rubucen, tsohon tsabar kudi da yafi.

Fiye da 60 dubu farfado an nuna a daban-daban nune-nunen. Mutane da yawa samfurori daga gidan kayan gargajiya tarin aka nuna a Ingila da kuma Jamus, da Vatican da kuma Faransa, Finland da kuma Netherlands, Hungary da kuma Austria. All baƙi zuwa Vologda Kremlin yawon shakatawa za su iya ziyarci biyu sirri da kuma kungiyar. Kuma yawon shakatawa da shirye-shirye da aka tsara don daban-daban shekaru kungiyoyin, daga makarantar kafin shekaru yara. A kan tushen da gidan kayan gargajiya da kuma ta rassa aka kai a kai gudanar da fiye da 80 balaguro din.

Museum yanayin na aiki

Yau, da yawa yawon bude ido zuwa Vologda Kremlin. Bude sa'o'i - a kowace rana daga 10,00 to 17.00. The gidan kayan gargajiya da aka rufe don Litinin da Talata. A kan ƙasa da Kremlin, ƙofar ne free kowace rana.