Vermiculite - abin da yake da shi? Vermiculite shuka

A shelves na lambu Stores na dogon lokaci akwai marufi da rubutu "Vermiculite". Mai lambu da kuma manoma, kazalika da talakawa 'yan ƙasa, ba su san abin da irin abu da kuma me ya sa kana bukatar shi. Saboda haka, vermiculite - abin da shi ne da kuma inda aka yi amfani da? Za mu yi kokarin zama amsar wannan tambaya, da kuma bayar da cikakken bayani game da yadda kuma daga abin da aka samar, da yuwuwar amfani da wannan halitta hanya.

Menene wannan kaya?

Halitta vermiculite - mai sauƙi abin da ke faruwa ma'adinai daga kungiyar hydromica sakamakon leaching da weathering biotite Mica. Outwardly, shi kama wani farantin-kamar lu'ulu'u na yellowish-kasa-kasa launi. Amma bayan dumama shi zuwa da zazzabi na 900 ^{° C} ne tuba zuwa cikin kumbura vermiculite. Ya records ne kamar sanduna, da wani abu mai kama da tsutsa, wanda aka nuna a cikin suna, saboda daga Latin cikin Rasha vermiculus fassara a matsayin "tsutsa, tsutsa-kamar."

Jiki da kuma sinadaran da halaye

Vermiculite aka samu a cikin yanayi, shi ne fentin a azurfa, da zinariya, da launin ruwan kasa, kore da kuma baki. A abun da ke ciki yana dauke da oxides na silicon, da baƙin ƙarfe, alli, potassium, magnesium da sauran alama abubuwa. Bugu da ƙari kuma, shi ba ya dauke da nauyi karafa da kuma wani mai guba aka gyara, kuma ba ya amsa tare da alkalis kuma acid. Godiya ga wannan yadu amfani vermiculite shuka a ado floriculture da noma.

Yana da muhimmanci cewa wannan ma'adinai ba rot da kuma lalata a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da na halitta da kuma nazarin halittu dalilai. Saboda wannan, da dama micro-kwayoyin, kwari da dabbobi da shi ba shirya.

Ya kamata a jaddada, magana na vermiculite, wanda shi ne wani sosai porous abu da kyau kwarai danshi sha Properties. A coefficient na ruwa sha na wannan ma'adinai - 400%. Wannan yana nufin cewa 100 g na vermiculite iya sha 400 ml na ruwa.

Saboda haka, wannan halitta ma'adinai yana da wadannan Properties:

• muhalli friendliness.
• karko.
• sinadaran da nazarin halittu inertness a lamba tare da m kafofin watsa labarai.
• low thermal watsin.
• high wuta juriya;
• low yawa.

Inda aka mined?

Wannan halitta kayan da aka bazata gano a cikin XIX karni, kuma tun sa'an nan ya za'ayi ta bincike da kuma samar. Kamar yadda aka ambata riga, vermiculite - mai ma'adinai ajiya wanda shi ne, kamar yadda a Rasha - da Krasnoyarsk Abuja a ranar da Kola Larabawa, Irkutsk da Chelyabinsk yankuna da kuma a cikin kasashen makwabta: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, da kuma Ukraine. Bugu da kari, shi ne mined a Australia, Indiya, Afrika ta Kudu, Uganda da kuma Amurka. A Montana, kusa da garin Libby, located da babbar kuma mafi m US ajiya na ma'adanai.

Ta yaya aiki

Cirewa vermiculite ne hõre musamman magani ga concentrators. Akwai gudanar selection da kasawa Mica, wasu daga wanda baya aka aika zuwa lantarki samar, da saura da aka sarrafa a wani hydrothermal Hanyar na'ura mai makera a zazzabi na game da 760 ° ^C. A sakamakon wannan daukan hotuna da mutum barbashi kumbura, kuma delaminate ma'adinai, da kuma fitarwa ne kumbura vermiculite. A lokacin da kara sarrafa da taro samu aka niƙa zuwa ga makoma darajar.

Features kumbura vermiculite

Kamar yadda aka ambata a riga, wannan halitta ma'adinai masana'antu aiki daukan wuri da harbe-harben, a cikin abin da shi muhimmanci ƙara a girma, da kuma aka rabe tsutsa-kamar barbashi. Wannan canji ne saboda ruwan da yake a cikin tsarin da vermiculite a mamaye jihar. Ƙarƙashin rinjayar high yanayin zafi shi ne mai tsanani da kuma tuba zuwa ga tururi, wanda yana faɗaɗa kuma, stratifies Mica farantin, game da shi kara da ƙarfi. Saboda haka, za mu iya magana game da fadada vermiculite cewa shi ne "ƙẽƙashe" ma'adinai restructured.

Menene kasarun adadi?

Taimako ne pulverized m zuwa daban-daban kasarun adadi da aka kebance su bisa ga girman. A total akwai 5 kungiyoyin, inda 1 shi ne mafi girma size of a kananan tsabar kudin, da kuma 5 - slurry kama kura ko lafiya yashi. Unmilled vermiculite - zafi rufi abu, amfani da ko'ina a yi domin cika a cikin m panel.

A noma da kuma shuka vermiculite yawanci amfani daga 2 zuwa 4 kasarun adadi. Wannan abu a bushe form wajen sauki, amma bayan hydration ma qara da nauyi sau 5, saboda da tunawa da riƙe ruwa.

Fields na aikace-aikace

Bude kwanan nan, wani ma'adinai, vermiculite, da kuma Kalam yanzu samu da yawa daban-daban aikace-aikace:

1. Lafiyar Qasa, man fetur da kuma sinadaran masana'antu. Mutane kima iya amsa lokacin da aka tambaye shi game da vermiculite, wanda shi ne mai kyau sorbent iya dauri Alkali kuma acid. Wannan dukiyar damar da shi, domin su kau da dama sinadaran abubuwa a wuraren aiki, kazalika da rage man spills.
2. A nukiliya masana'antu da kuma samar da makamashi. Ana amfani da a matsayin scavenger na rediyoaktif abubuwa kamar cobalt-58, strontium-90, cesium-137, kazalika da gamma-radiation reflector.
3. Automotive da kuma jirgin sama masana'antu. Sanya daga da dama sauti-mamaye vermiculite da thermal rufi kayan da kayayyakin.
4. A cikin masana'antu da kuma} ungiyoyin yi vermiculite da ake amfani kamar haka:

• rufi, kazalika da sauti da kuma zafi insulator ga rufi da kuma benaye.

• backfiller matsayin rufi abu a cikin m panel.
• kamar yadda wani bangaren na daban-daban plaster, hur kankare kuma bushe gini Mixes.
• a yi na siminti da kuma kankare tubalan, da kuma insulating mastic matsayin filler.
• a samar da wuta-retardant da zafi-resistant faranti, bangarori da kuma sauran bango kayan.
• farfadowa daga kai-leveling benaye.

5. A cikin masana'antu da kuma masu zaman kansu shuka kiwo da kuma noma. Bari mu bincika a cikin mafi daki-daki, yadda za a yi amfani da vermiculite shuka.

Features na amfani a shuka

Wannan ma'adinai, da na masana'antu aiki, amfani da ko'ina a duk bulan na shuka girma da kuma ci gaba:

• a lokacin iri germination da Rooting cuttings, wanda ba su shafi daban-daban kwayoyin - pathogens da kuma fungi, kazalika da samun dukan zama dole na gina jiki da kuma gano abubuwa.
• don ƙirƙirar daban-daban cakuda da yashi da kuma goya ake so friability da porosity.
• lokacin da girma hydroponic amfanin gona ba;
• a matsayin malalewa Layer a da dama amfanin gona kamar tukunya, da kuma gonar shuke-shuke.
• Ciyawa dasa.
• hunturu ajiya da kuma klubnelukovichnyh daban-daban bulbous albarkatu: vermiculite ba kawai goyon bayan da yanayinsa da kuma iskar gas yanayi, amma kuma ya hana asarar dasa kayan da cututtuka daban-daban da kuma pathogens.
• a cikin tsari na samar da takin.

Da yake jawabi na vermiculite - abin da shi ne, me ya sa muke bukata da shi, ya kamata a tunatar da 'yan sauki dokoki da dole ne a bi a lõkacin da aiki tare da su:

1. Used kayan za a iya amfani da a sake ba, amma kawai bayan m calcination.
2. Tun da shi garwaya da ruwa da yawa a na dogon lokaci da kuma bada shi ga shuke-shuke, shi ya kamata a tuna, da kuma kauce wa wuce kima watering wanda zai iya kai ga waterlogging na kasar gona da shuka mutuwa.
3. Biyu ma'adinai abubuwa - perlite, vermiculite - da irin wannan Properties, su za a iya amfani da tare da ci gaban da shuke-shuke.
4. Yana da muhimmanci a tuna cewa vermiculite interacts da wuya ruwa da kuma iya "motsa" acidity na kasar gona a alkaline gefe. Shi ya sa mafi masana bayar da shawarar yin amfani da m vermiculite kawai ga germinating seedlings ko a lõkacin da aiki tare da hydroponics shũka a lõkacin da abun da ke ciki na ruwa ingancin da aka sani, kuma m.