Unconventional Foods - Taimaka A Farmer

A jari na fi dabbobi a iyakance yankunan, sau da yawa shekara-zagaye da suka tsaya a ɗaka da kuma wasu sauran matakai sau da yawa sa tabarbarewar lafiyar dabbobi, da weakening na kundin tsarin mulkin kasar, babban rayuwa cuta, kuma saboda abin da ya rage yawan aiki. Saboda haka, ingancin abinci mai gina jiki da kuma da amfani ya kamata a ba musamman da hankali. Rage cin abinci dauke da bayanin abin da ya cancanta na gina jiki ga dabbobin da ilimin aiki abu, alhakin ba kawai ga ta dace girma da kuma yawan aiki na dabbobi, amma kuma da m ya kwarara kudi na abinci da naúrar na samarwa. Abin baƙin ciki, a yanayi babu wani abinci na nufin iya cikakken saduwa da sinadirai masu bukatun da dabba, hana yiwuwar yancin ya zabi da kuma abinci ne a halin da ake ciki na babban kadaici daga yanayi da aka yafi amfani forage girbe ta mutum. Duk da haka, akwai kayan aiki da kuma dabarun da za su iya wadãtar da rage cin abinci na m gina jiki. Yana game da samuwa mafi manoma, da ake kira ba na gargajiya feedstuffs, wanda a lokaci guda sa shi yiwuwa a ajiye a kan abinci. Wannan ne ajiye, wanda zai iya amfani da duk shayarwa, wanda yana da muhimmanci musamman cikin sharuddan fodder karancin.

Non-al'ada feed, samar da aikace-aikace na fasahar raya yawa. Bari mu bincika kaɗan daga gare su, da yin amfani da abin da za a iya shirya a kusan duk wani yanayi na gona da kuma dauki mukalli.

Wadannan kungiyoyin na feedstuffs za a iya gano.

• ruwa Additives (pomace, juices kuma infusions, fi mai da hankali, pastes, unicellular algae).
• sabo ne da kuma m abinci da kuma kari (sabo Pine needles da kuma ganye, twig abinci, da gandun daji, silage, forage daga auku ganye, tsaye na daji shuke-shuke da kuma horar da shuke-shuke, hydroponic makiyãyã).
• bushe feed (itace hay, fodder brooms, bitamin feed ci abinci).
• Mayar da hankali kari (tsaba ciyawa da woody shuke-shuke, bitamin fi mai da hankali, bushe biomass da mikrovodosley maggots, fodder yisti, da kuma kamar).

A mafi m tushen fodder ne gandun daji. A iri-iri na gandun daji sharar gida, ta amfani, shekara-zagaye amfani da damar da mu zuwa ga la'akari da su a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi m reserves.

Ciyar da gandun daji da albarkatun:

Liquid Additives. Halitta juices da infusions na kore itace ne tasiri bitamin da sinadirai masu kari. Su amfani ne da cewa su za a iya sanya a batu na amfani, da rashin karamin shiryayye rai - har zuwa 5-7 kwanaki. Halitta juices ne 10-15 sau fiye da mayar da hankali Additives idan aka kwatanta da infusions da kuma bukatar standardization. Mafi na kowa jiko allura Juniper, fir, Pine, suna ta shirya hakar tare da zafi kore (70-90ºS) ko ruwan sanyi. A wani 100 cm3 jiko spruce needles dauke 26,4 MG na bitamin C, Pine - 35,2, Juniper - 28,1 MG. Fresh murƙushe softwood kafar sanya a cikin wani drum da kuma ruwan zafi da aka zuba a cikin kudi na daya ɓangare na needles 3-4 sassa ruwa (by nauyi). Ganga bugawa da kuma bar daga 3h zuwa 8 hours da yin amfani da ruwan sanyi - a rana. Don rage asarar da na gina jiki da kuma inganta palatability na Pine ya'ya iya ferment. Daga 1 kg na sabo itace ganye iya samun 3-4 kg da wani physiologically aiki na gina jiki jiko. Mai ruwa-ruwa da ruwan 'ya'ya na coniferous mallaka antibacterial aiki, wanda ke da amfani ga prophylaxis da staphylococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa da typhoid enteric kwayoyin kungiyar.

Sabo ne da kuma m, kuma feed kari. Twig abinci. Sabo ko bushe leafy (itace hay) taro itatuwa da kuma shrubs iya maye gurbin zuwa 20-30% na roughage abun da ake ci a dabbobi da kuma shi ne tushen ilimin aiki abubuwa.

Chopping sabo twig abinci kafin ciyar inganta palatability da kuma digestibility, wanda rage asarar.

Chestnut, itacen oak, Hazel, dogwood, Juniper, spruce kuma Willow haushi kasa kyawawa saboda da babban abun ciki na ciro abubuwa da rage yadda ya dace da su yi amfani da.

The ciyar darajar browse feed dogara a kan itace jinsunan, girbi kakar, kuma diamita daga cikin rassan da kuma foliage dabam a kan talakawan daga 3762 zuwa 5852 KJ metabolizable makamashi da 1 kg na bushe al'amarin. A digestibility na ciyayi lokaci ne 35,2-49,4%. Bunkasa darajar browse forage katako ne halin da billet a farkon rabin na girma kakar, kuma coniferous - a cikin hunturu. Sinadirai twig abinci zai iya ƙara hydrothermal da kuma sinadaran jiyya Proofing ko saccharification.

Coniferous bin rassan kuna kakkaɓewa, sabanin katako itatuwa, shi ne mafi alhẽri a fara zuwa girbi, kuma ku ciyar da dabbobi a marigayi fall - hunturu, a lokacin da abun ciki na extractives m da gabatar da su a cikin rage cin abinci a hankali. Gabatarwa ga needles na rage cin abinci ne mafi wani zaɓi rigakafin karanci cututtuka, wani iri-iri na hanji da kuma numfashi cututtuka a kan bango na jimlar gaira na fodder. Needles ne mai rahusa tushen carotene fiye da hay, karas, kifi mai ko ciyawa ci abinci.

Silage da senazhirovanie ganye, Pine needles, kananan rassan ne daya daga cikin dabarun na kiyayewa da kuma a kan aiwatar da ensiling forage yakan mallaki sabon organoleptic Properties cewa kara yawan palatability. Good sakamakon nuna ciyar silo daga itatuwan ciyayi da kuma gauraye silage daga gandun daji sharan kuma herbaceous ciyayi (ciyawa, sharar gida kayan lambu da kuma filin amfanin gona) ta amfani da ciyarwar hydrolytic sugars da urea rama domin rashin legkosbrazhivaemyh sugars. A wasu iri na gandun daji itace silo (daga sharar gida itace ganye) saboda babu wani alamu na ensiling (lactic, acetic acid), amma su taro ne kiyaye kyau, kuma yana da kusa da na ainihi launi da kuma m wari (ƙẽƙasassu ganye, kaka smolder).

Hay daga auku ganyen daban-daban nau'in bishiyoyi ma yana da wasu ciyar darajar. Yellow ganye da bambanci da kore dauke da kasa furotin, kusan ba dauke da carotene, bitamin C, sugars, amma suna da mafi girma yawa na kitse, fiber, ash. The ciyar darajar auku ganye da 25-35% m. Dandaƙewa, zaparivayut, amfani da silage da kuma Proofing da dai sauransu

Dry Pet abinci. Itace hay - bushe fodder ga dalilai na browse abu. Tufts da bushe, kananan, da-leafy rassan kira twigs, bushe ganye - "woody" hay. Dry ganye da kuma bushe woody ganye da sinadirai masu darajar high, dauke da mai yawa ma'adanai.

Vitamin kore itace gari qunshi daga 7.2 zuwa 16.6% da kuma mai gina jiki abun ciki na da yawa na gina jiki ba ya samar da wani gari na alfalfa. Yana amfani a samar da gauraye ciyarwa, kuma kamar yadda wani ƙari a cikin abinci na gona da dabbobi da tsuntsaye. Softwood gari - bitamin feed samu daga bushe Pine needles da spruce ko Pine rassan da wani babban amfani yadda ya dace. A musamman, daga 1 kg na bushe al'amari na Birch ganye, Aspen da alder iya samu 125-200 MG carotene, daga needles na Pine, spruce, Juniper, fir, da itacen al'ul, da kuma 60-100 MG. Vitamin C daga 1Sar na Pine needles da spruce 3000-3200 4000 Iu, fiye da lemu da lemons. A cikin yanayi na wata gona bitamin gari daga ganye za a iya procured da su halitta shrinkage kuma m nika.

Sawdust amfani da sabo ko sarrafa form. A milled itace da aka kara wa da mayar da hankali abinci a cikin wani adadin 25-50% domin hana su palatability lokacin da bada yalwa. A dabbobin da muke kiwo da abincin sojoji gudanar manyan turɓãya (15-25% na rage cin abinci) don normalize rumen aiki rage wajen kisa parakeratosis. A musamman, na halitta Aspen kwakwalwan kwamfuta da high-sa roughage halaye. Sawdust ciyar darajar iya kara da sauki hanyoyin: gidrobarotermicheskoy aiki, wani wuce haddi na Alkali sanyi ko zafi matakai, ammonia ruwa, da dai sauransu

Ciyar daga sharar gida takarda. Shredded takarda sharar gida takarda ƙunshi har zuwa 90% na cellulose. A tasiri na amfani da sharar gida takarda a cikin abinci ya dogara da irin takarda. Kafa digestibility na bushe al'amarin: ga ruwan kasa takarda wrapping 90,8% goge - 41,0-46,5, newsprint - 26,5-33,2%. Lokacin da 10-20% newsprint cikakken rabon abinci bushe al'amarin digestibility ƙaruwa daga 77,9 zuwa 80,1-81,8%.

Akwai hanyoyi da dama don shirya sharar gida takarda ga ciyar, musamman nika da blending da molasses a cikin wani rabo na 25:75, bi da bushewa a t 85º C har lumps da dai sauransu Bayan da cewa sun hada da rage cin abinci abun da ke ciki.

Za a yaba da cewa irin wannan abinci yana nufin a matsayin sharar gida takarda, sawdust, da kuma kamar, ciki har da bambaro da kasa-ya bayyana shirye-shiryen da fasaha, dauke da wani babban adadin cellulose, m kawai poligastrichnym (dabbobin da muke kiwo) dabba.

Da sauran hanyoyin fodder.

Liquid Additives. Unicellular algae. Algae za a iya girma a cikin tafkunan da kuma wucin gadi shuke-shuke a kan yankunan da suke da ba dace da aikin noma. da al'adunsu ne kasa dogara a kan yanayin damina, da kuma namo for fodder dalilai ne zai yiwu a karkashin yanayi na wani tattalin arziki. A abũbuwan amfãni daga feedstuffs za a iya dangana ga m girma na biomass. A cikin 6th ranar namo, a lokacin da adadin bitamin a cikin matsakaici, da matsakaicin, da cell dakatar dabbobi solder, ba tare da asarar bitamin a wani matsakaici, da kuma sauran bioactive abubuwa - maganin rigakafi, enzymes, sterols, inji hormone, da dai sauransu

Lokacin da kara zuwa 1 ton na hatsi 5-7 kg bushe nauyi Chlorella hatsi bioavailability ya karu da 1.5 Musulunci. Daga cikin algae damuwa amfani a duniya domin abinci da abinci Additives, kowa 3 jinsunan - Spirulina, Chlorella da Dyunaliella.

A namo jinsunan HALITTAR Spirulina samar 128 t / ha na gina jiki a kowace shekara. Dyunaliella - abu na masana'antu taro da al'adunsu. Wannan tsiren ruwan teku a sinadirai masu halaye m zuwa wasu a kan babban mai ciki (up to 28%), da kuma bitamin, amino acid daga cikin cikakken sa na ciki da kuma ma a low ash abun ciki, yana da kyau digestibility. Chlorella - abun ciki na bitamin shi ne mafifici a duk kayan lambu da kuma forage amfanin gona, ciki har da yisti. Chlorella samar da B12, wanda ba yanzu a yisti, ko sama da shuke-shuke. Idan kifi mai ƙunshi 6 bitamin, da Chlorella su akalla 13 pro-bitamin A cikin shi ne 7-10 fiye da sau a cikin daji ya tashi ko bushe apricots. Chlorella - samar da aiki da sunadarai, carbohydrates, lipids, bitamin da saukin m rabo daga wadannan mahadi. A wannan al'ada na canza girma yanayi biomass iya samu tare da wani abun ciki sunadaran na daga 9 zuwa 88%, carbohydrate - daga 6 zuwa 37%, da kuma kitse - daga 4 zuwa 85%. Sinadirai 1 kg na biomass ne 4-5 kg na soya gina jiki shi ne daidai da mai gina jiki na bushe madara ko nama. Chlorella warkar da dabbobi daga avitaminoses kuma daban-daban gastrointestinal cututtuka.

Lokacin amfani da cultivators samu ne 1-2 watanni. Daban-daban namo fasaha da damar yin amfani da matsayin da al'adun matsakaici ruwa taki, sharar aiki da kayayyakin gona da flue gas a matsayin tushen carbon dioxide da kuma sauran irin wannan yanayin. A rufaffiyar sarrafa kansa shigarwa chlorella yawan aiki na 100-40 g busassun abu da 1 m ² da rana, wanda yayi dace 360-500 m / ha. A talakawan yawan aiki a bude-type shuke-shuke a karkashin halitta haske a cikin kewayon 14-35 g / m² kowace rana. A na halitta ruwan chlorella yadda ya kamata gudanar da nazarin halittu fi na najasa da kuma gurbata tafkunan, wanda ba ka damar mayar da yanayin kasa na wadannan kududdufai to halitta matakan.

A hankula da shuka ga namo chlorella a gona ko dabbobin hadaddun kullum yana cikin wani nau'i na greenhouse dakin da kuma kunshi culturing domin samar da dakin gwaje-gwaje shiri na gina jiki bayani. Ya kamata a haifa tuna cewa amfani da tsiren ruwan teku a abinci na bukatar daidaita da yin amfani da su a mayar da hankali fom na iya kaskantar da ingancin dabba da kayayyakin.

Sabo ne da kuma m, kuma feed kari. Algae. A cikin ruwan akwai iri biyu Duckweed - trilobal da kuma kananan. Wannan perennial ne kadan, sashe shuke-shuke, da cikakken kura idon cikin ruwa. Vegetatively karbe, a wani sosai kankanen lokaci za su iya gama rufe surface na tsaye ruwa. Ci gina jiki abubuwa narkewa a cikin ruwa, shan su a fadin ta surface. Winter, fadowa da farko na sanyi weather a kasan Wuraren. Duckweed ƙunshi sunadarai, bitamin, ma'adinai salts. An dade an yi amfani da ciyar da kaji da kuma aladu. A daidai wannan lokaci mai yawa kore Duckweed kadan zuba bran (bran) da kuma gari. Babu contraindications don amfani a ciyar da wasu dabbobi a matsayin ƙari ga asali feed.

Akwai daji shuke-shuke da cewa su dace da ciyar, ciki har da abin yabo wannan iko daji iri kamar quinoa yada, Willow-ganye, nettle, da kuma waɗansu da yawa.

Atriplex patula musamman hade da high sanyi juriya tare da matsakaicin yawan aiki photosynthesis, ne ya cancanci binciken a wani ƙarin abinci Madogararsa. A kore ɓangare na shuka ya ƙunshi ascorbic acid (150 MG%), carotene (10 MG%), sunadarai (daga 10 zuwa 30%), fats (daga 0.4 zuwa 2.2%), fiber (9.3 zuwa 39 , 2%), betaine (1.22%).

The ciyar darajar nettle ne cewa tare da wannan dalilai na girma shi kai yawan aiki zuwa 1.5-2.0 fiye da sau gargajiya amfanin gona, girbi balaga da kore taro da 20-25 kwanaki zo na farko, don haka ba za ka iya amfani da shi a cikin kore na'ura mai tsarin. Kamar yadda high-yawan amfanin ƙasa, kuma high-sa ciyar da al'adun da aka girma a kasashen da dama. Tare da kowane riga-kowane 8-10 shekaru hekta samun a 800-1000 c. / Ha, a ban ruwa mafi kore taro. The abinci da darajar da nettle ba na baya wake amfanin gona. Nettle da ake amfani a cikin nau'i na infusions, decoctions, hay, haylage da kuma kara da silos. Yana qara madara samarwa da kuma nauyi riba a cikin dabbõbin ni'ima da kuma tsuntsaye qara kwai samarwa. Nettles kamata a kara da abinci ga aladu, musamman masu juna biyu da mahaifa. Amma, ka tuna cewa ciyar da stale nettle, bayan 6-12 hours of ajiya iya kai wa ga dalma saboda da jari na nitrates.

Amaranth for 8000 shekaru ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan amfanin gona, a kudancin Amirka, da kuma Mexico, tare da wake da masara. Amaranth -. Shin wani shekara-shekara herbaceous shuka, wanda tsayinsa iya isa 2.5-4 m panicle a balaga da tsawon na 30 cm da diamita 15 cm panicle audio kai 1 kg .. Amaranth tsaba su ne kadan, kamar yashi, har zuwa 500 dubu. A guda panicle. Hatsi amaranth samar tsaba, da halaye da kaddarorin kama da hatsi, duk da haka, saboda shi ba ya kasance a cikin iyalin na hatsi, shi ne ake kira psevdozlakom. Fiye da rabin amaranth sunadarai sun dauki albumins da globulins da a daidaita amino acid abun da ke ciki. Amaranth tsaba dauke da kan talakawan 15-17% gina jiki, 5-8% man fetur da kuma 3,7-5,7% na fiber, wanda shi ne mafi girma fiye da na fi hatsi (furotin abun ciki a cikin masara ne 10-12,6% m - 4,6-6,7, alkama gina jiki - 9-14, fats - 1,1-3,4%). Saboda da gagarumin abun ciki na amino acid lysine, wanda shine gina jiki na amaranth ne sau biyu mafi girma fiye da na alkama, da kuma sau uku mafi girma fiye da na masara da dawa da, da kuma ko da daidai da adadin soya da kuma saniya ta madara, da furotin da ingancin amaranth aka dauke su sosai high . Idan m kimanta gina jiki (kama da kwai) ne 100 da maki, da madara gina jiki casein zai yi 72 maki, soya - 68, alkama - 58 Masara - 44, da kuma amaranth - 75 maki. Saboda haka, saboda su nazarin halittu halaye na amaranth ne mafi ban sha'awa fiye da mafi kusa gasa - waken soya, da kuma samar da sunadaran gina kayayyakin daga amaranth yiwuwar maras tsada fiye da soya. Manyan m amfani da amaranth gina jiki fi mai da hankali ne su naturalness da kuma daidaita amino acid abun da ke ciki.

Transom amaranth a matsayin kore taro ko hatsi amfani da su samar da silage, a samar da bitamin A da kuma gari granules. Green taro na da kyau ci duk da dabbobi. Gabatarwa a amaranth rage cin abinci inganta yawa da kuma ingancin kayayyakin da rage kudin. Da ake samu amaranth ne 35-60 t / ha na hatsi da a kalla 2000 kg / ha na biomass. Amaranth aka dauke mafi tsada da kuma high-gina jiki abinci, duka a sabo da silage, ganye gari ko granules. Silage za a iya ciyar da duk shekara zagaye. Green taro daga Yuli har sai da na farko frosts. A cakuda na masara silage da kuma amaranth a wani 1: 1 gina jiki da abun ciki, idan aka kwatanta da masara silage qara 1,32 sau, da yawa qara adadin wasu abubuwa da ake bukata dabbobi: lysine, alli da phosphorus.

Yana da muhimmanci cewa domin shuka bukatar kawai 0.5-1 kg na tsaba da 1 ha. Domin da shuka alkama tana bukatar wani talakawan na 200 kg, da kuma masara - 50 1 kilogiram na hatsi da kowace kadada. Very m, kuma undemanding ga al'adun agro-fasaha matakan. A da kyau bangaren for kore na'ura mai, tare da fyade.

Fyade - cruciferous shuka (kabeji). Wannan oilseed da kuma gina jiki da amfanin gona yana da abinci mai yawa da abinci darajar. A mutunta mutane da yawa, m ga wasu fyade amfanin gona. Its tsaba dauke 40-48% kitsen da kuma 25-30% gina jiki. Duk da haka, da harsashi rapeseed resistant zuwa narkewa kamar enzymes da na halitta lokacin da yin amfani da unprocessed dukan hatsi ciyar da shanu da shi zuwa 30% transits ta cikin gastrointestinal fili.

Fyade - duniya fodder amfanin gona. Yana za a iya samu nasarar horar da a kusan duk yanayin bangarori na kasar.

Amfani da 'yan sauki dokoki da ka iya kauce wa yiwu narkewa kamar cuta. Sun kunshi a gaskiyar cewa ba shi yiwuwa ba a kore fyade azumi, bayan ruwan sama ko raɓa su zubo. Ya kamata a hankali saba wa cin abinci da shanu fyade zelenki bi da m rates na ciyar da, dangane da irin dabba, kuma ta shekaru. Green fyade ga kaka ciyar da muhimmanci, shi kara zuwa duk kore na'ura mai tsanani pre-hunturu. Green taro rapeseed iya ba duk irin dabbobi, da kuma kullum kashi na madara shanu bisa laákari da yawan aiki da su kara zuwa 20-25 kg. Fyade kawo yanayin zafi saukar zuwa - 7 darajõji, kuma ya ci gaba da inganci. Kawai saboda da fall ciyar kore fyade a lokacin 60-70 kaka kwana iya ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa na 100-150 lita saniya. Musamman muhimmanci rapeseed a fari shekaru, a lõkacin da ta Rama ga asarar hatsi da abinci, da kuma shi ya kashe amfanin gona za a iya sown a cikin watanni na Yuli. Kuma misalin na gama farm "Collective gona hatsi" Kirov yankin ba su hanzarta tare da rapeseed plowing bayan girbi shi ga oilseeds, shi na samar da wani arziki aftermath.

Domin ciyar da dabbobi da tsuntsaye za a iya amfani da ciyawa, tsaba, abinci, zoo wuri da kuma man shanu. Green fyade ciyawa da sauran cruciferous albarkatu: colza, radish, Tiphon, nasarar amfani da ciyar da shanu da kuma aladu. Grass cruciferous ƙunshi wani babban matakin gina jiki kamar wake, amma 10% kasa mai (15% vs. 25%). A mafi kyau alama ne da ikon crucifers nuna cikakken girbi na kore taro a farkon spring (kafin hatsin rai) da kuma pozdneosenny (har sanyi -8S0) lokaci, wanda ƙwarai kara tsawon kore na'ura mai. Muhimmanci shi ne na gaba alama. rabo na alli zuwa phosphorus a abun da ake ci for dabbobi ya zama 1.2-2 to 1. Duk da haka, a irin na asali fodder da hatsi da-kayayyakin na aiki, a maimakon haka, da phosphorus matakan 3-8 sau fi da matakin na alli. Wannan sojojin gudanar a rations alli, harsashi ko wasu alli-dauke da kayan. Duk da haka, alli, da samun a cikin ciki na aladu da kuma wuraren kiwon kaji, akwai cin zarafi neutralizes acidity, wanda impairs da narkewa na gina jiki da kuma inganta harkokin ci gaban da pathogenic microorganisms a cikin gastrointestinal fili. A wannan fyade fodder kayayyakin rabo alli don phosphorus na 0.9: 1, wanda za a iya rage da abincin sojoji gudanar a alli ko farar ƙasa.

Daga cikin wadanda ba na gargajiya abinci shuke-shuke, wanda ba high yawan amfanin ƙasa a karkashin daban-daban agro-climatic zones ya shafi artichoke. Urushalima artichoke ne zuwa gida Arewacin Amirka. A Rasha, wannan al'ada ta zo a cikin XVII karni a hanyoyi biyu: daga Turai da kuma China. Wannan shi ne wani perennial tuberous shuka daga cikin HALITTAR Sunflower iyali Asteraceae. Urushalima artichoke nuna high yawan aiki a farko biyar kafa bayan dasa shuki da tubers. Urushalima artichoke ma yayi wani sosai m kore taro a marigayi kaka, lokacin da Botanical abun da ke ciki vegetatiruyuschih shuke-shuke ƙwarai rage. Sama wa talakawan da ake samu daga tubers 40-50 t / ha, fi - 30 t / ha. A tubers na kaka girbi sosai mugun kiyaye. Urushalima artichokes sukan dug sama kamar yadda ake bukata, kamar yadda a cikin ƙasa ya bar mafi kyau, amma a lokacin da snow winters shi m da frosts a -40C. Green taro girbe a marigayi Satumba ko Oktoba farkon forage harvester ko yankan ciyawa tare da sama-up. Lokacin amfani da artichoke 2-3 shekaru kawai a matsayin kore taro, don samar da hay, silage ko gari, da mai tushe aka yanke sau biyu - na farko a shuka tsawo na 80-100 cm 6-10 cm sama da kasa biyu daga ganye, wanda girma daga axils na mai tushe sake da kuma na biyu - daga karshen watan Satumba har sanyi.

Bisa ga amino acid abun da ke ciki na wani kore taro da tuber Urushalima artichoke ne a ilimin m abinci. Gina jiki tubers 0,23-0,29 korm.ed. The gina jiki abun ciki ne a kan talakawan 3.2% a kan wani bushe abu ya kunshi 16 amino acid, wanda 9 - da muhimmanci. Wannan inji ne mai multivitamin tare da mai kyau ma'adinai abun da ke ciki. Da son ransa ci artichoke kusan dukan dabbobi a gona, ko baƙauye noma - shanu, dawaki, tumaki da awaki da aladu, da kuma daidai bisa ga yarda su ci kuma fi da kuma asalinsu. Its wuri a cikin kasar da kuma gonaki - karin fodder amfanin gona tare da low cost (Duka monetary da "aiki"). Yanã bãyar da, da farko, da tasiri amfani da m ƙasar, m gangara. Na biyu, ciyar da lokacin rufe da Urushalima artichoke ne watanni biyu a cikin fall, spring da watanni uku - ta watanni biyar, ba sai kadan, musamman idan akai la'akari da abin da ya watanni!

Low abun ciki a Urushalima artichoke guba abubuwa ne wani muhimmin inganci na wani ba al'ada.

Cow parsnip Sosnowski - The dogon-m da kuma high-yawan amfanin ƙasa amfanin gona. The yawan amfanin ƙasa na kore taro hogweed ne mafi girma fiye da na masara, shi Forms aboveground biomass har zuwa 2000 kg / ha. Wani muhimmin factor ne da yin amfani da perennial plantations hogweed da cheapness na ta namo (babu shekara shekara, da yawa m agropriomov). A dũkiyar hogweed biomass gina jiki, bitamin, ma'adanai, sugars (wadda tabbatar kyau silage), sa da al'adun m zuwa dama gonaki.

Masana kimiyya da yawa Botanical cibiyoyin a cikin 60 na da suka dauki bangare a cikin manyan sikelin-da Multi-shekara shirin gabatar da saniya parsnip Sosnowski a noma ayyuka a matsayin fodder shuka. Duk da haka, an ji cewa, bayan ta hada a cikin abinci raba abinci, nama ne daga dabbobi samu wani peculiar wari da kuma m madara, zama m for adam amfani. An yi imani da cewa saniya parsnip sakamako a kan rashin haihuwa na shanu.

Hogweed bayyana m shuka, da zarar ya gabatar a cikin filayen da kuma samu kansu ba tare da kula dace, ya fara yada da kuma dauka duk samuwa sarari. saniya parsnip ya zama yanzu hakikanin barazana da kuma babban mai barazana ga muhalli auna daga cikin tsarin, ba kawai a Rasha amma kuma a wasu kasashen Turai.

Duk da matsalolin da dangantaka da Hogweed yafi lãbartãwa ne kawai zuwa daya jinsin, "tsokana" gefen titi da kuma watsi filayen - Sosnowski saniya parsnip (Heracleum sosnowskiy). A lokacin da girma kakar a sassa daban daban na hogweed shuke-shuke tara Photodynamic aiki na furokumariny. Su lamba tare da fata da sakamakon a zurfin dermatitis, Burns wucewa ta hanyar irin. Wuce kima jari na coumarin a cikin mutane take kaiwa zuwa da cutar kira vitiligo.

Domin abincin dabbobi daga cowparsnip karkashin tsanani gaira feed shi za a iya amfani da a matsayin hay ko gari garwayayye, kuma a cikin nau'i na silage. Yana iya bada shawarar a yau da kullum yi a matsayin ƙarin fodder amfanin gona domin fattening dangane da farkon karbo daga cikin abinci kafin yanka. Cow parsnip silage mowing kafin flowering. Don amfani da wani greenish taro a kan ciyawa ci abinci aka cire kamar yadda ake bukata forage Harvesters. Lokacin da tsaftacewa hogweed kamata amfani da shirinku, sa tufafin kariya. An tsananin haramta wa hannu baje greenish taro na hogweed a kan aiwatar da loading.

Green taro mai arziki a cikin sugars. sugar abun ciki ya wuce da ake buƙata m na silage da 2-2.5 sau, dangane da wannan saniya parsnip iya Shilo da abin da trudnosilosuyuschimisya da yake mafi yawan shuke-shuke da ingirci sabon, aftermath of perennial ciyawa et al., wanda ƙara 10-15% by nauyi.

Reed yana cikin mafi girma da sinadirai masu darajar to ashin. The 100 kg na kara hay kafin flowering dauke (a kan sandararriyar abu) 44 feed. u da kuma 3.9% na digestible gina jiki, a 1 kg na kore nauyi - daga kaso 33.1 a 51,5 MG carotene. Duk da haka, a wannan lokacin kara ƙunshi kasa da zare da BEV (polysaccharides) fiye da a bayan wani lokaci na girma kakar. Matsakaicin shaida na polysaccharides daga kara faruwa a lokacin da flowering.

Dry Pet abinci. Masana na noma a duniya daga lokacin da tarihi mai nisa, suna aiki wajen samar da hanyoyin da za a inganta da sinadirai masu darajar low-darajar abinci: bambaro, bran, husk, da kuma more. A mafi m, kuma shi ne wani gagarumin tashi rauno. Bambaro hunturu da kuma bazara alkama, hunturu hatsin rai da kuma m, yana da wani low makamashi -0,16-0,22 sinadirai feed. u 1 kg da talauci cinye ta dabbobi. Jiyya na bambaro jiki ko sunadarai nufin (liquefied ammonia, lemun tsami, caustic soda) na samar da wani gagarumin karuwa (2.5-3.0 sau) ta palatability da ƙaruwa a 1,3-2,8 sau sinadirai masu samar da makamashi. The ciyar darajar gero bambaro, da sha'ir, da hatsi, da ciyawan testis, musamman cocksfoot, Peas da Viki Yarovoy mafi girma makamashi sinadirai masu abinci ne 0,31-0,40. u a lokacin da abun ciki na 16,0-35,0 g na raw gina jiki da 1 kg. Amma don inganta palatability da digestibility na rage cin abinci na gina jiki feed kayan shi ne bu mai kyau ya zama ƙarƙashin jiki magani hanyoyin - milling, hadawa da tattara, tare da high quality ciyarwa m kamar yadda silage, gwoza ɓangaren litattafan almara da dai sauransu, kazalika da ilimin aiki da kuma ma'adinai Additives ..

A cikin rashi na mixers amfani da katako, kwalaye 1,5x1,5x1,5 m. Bambaro yankan suya a yadudduka na 45-50 cm suna nan yafa ko zuba ƙari fi mai da hankali da kuma gauraye. A cakuda ya bushe bambaro fi mai da hankali zaparivayut ruwan zafi (75-80 ° C) for 100 lita 1 q rauno. A 100 lita ruwa yawanci narkar 2 kilogiram na gishiri. Lokacin amfani da blends molasses wajibi ne don sanin ko abun ciki na sukari a cikin shi to ya hana bambaro glut sugar. Kafin hadawa da ingirci molasses an narkar da a cikin ruwan zafi a cikin wani rabo na 1: 3; 1: 4 da nauyi da kuma gudanar a cikin kudi na 100 lita 1 q rauno. Don kauce wa danyen fiber digestibility na bambaro a 100 lita na diluted molasses dace yi 4-5 kg na urea. A cakuda baro da molasses Mix da kuma barin for rabin awa zuwa zana. A Tattara bayanan kormosmesej la'akari da ingirci quality. M low darajar hunturu alkama baro da hatsin rai amfani ba fiye da 45% na jimlar nauyi daga cikin cakuda. Its bada shanu da aka iyakance zuwa 5 kg per day. Bambaro gero, sha'ir, hatsi, Peas, testis ciyawa hada har zuwa 55-60% na jimlar nauyi daga cikin cakuda. Bukka wannan budu a kan wani bushe m a cikin kewayon 7-8 kg saniya da rana.

Da mayar da hankali abinci da kuma Additives  

Da tsaba ciyawa da woody shuke-shuke iya taimaka ajiye mai yawa tsada feed. Za ka iya girbi da tsaba daji ganye: quinoa, zobo, nettles, barnyardgrass, linzamin kwamfuta Peas, bindweed, sharitsy, Burdock, camelina, sunã sahu guda, Manica. Har ila yau, tsaba da kuma 'ya'yan itace itatuwa :. Oak, chestnut, Beech, basswood, Elm, ash, yellow itacen ƙirya, ash, elderberry, viburnum, hawthorn,' yan kunne Birch et al acorns da kuma doki chestnut za a iya ciyar da gona da dabbobi duka a cikin raw jihar kamar yadda kafin soaking da nika, kazalika da abinci. Good su iya kara su cikin gari m, wanda za a iya amfani da wani ruwan magani da auku ganye ko hay. Daya kg na bushe duka ko milled tare da harsashi da kuma ƙunshi 1.15 cupule acorns feed. u, saboda wannan ba shi yiwuwa a overfeed dabbobi a matsayin abinci na gina jiki high a kitse da kuma carbohydrates. Akwai dace shawarwari.

Akwai da yawa kafofin wadanda ba na al'ada feed albarkatun da gandun daji ne mafi araha da kuma nasarorin da kimiyya da kuma yi damar mu yi la'akari da sharar gida katako a matsayin alamar tushen raw kayan domin samar da wani iri-iri na abinci da kayayyakin da Additives, a cikin abin da dabbobi da bukatun.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa ba na gargajiya abinci ga mafi part classified, karatu da abun da ke ciki, da sinadirai masu darajar, shawarwari don amfani a cikin tunani da fasaha wallafe-wallafe. A fasaha da kuma doka da kuma fasaha tushen domin samun duk na sama fodder, fasaha kayan aiki mafi gudanar iya iya kusan duk wani sha'anin.