Triumvirate - wani ƙungiyar na uku. Da farko triumvirate da membobinta

Triumvirate - mai kowa sunan ga yarjejeniyar da uku jam'iyyun, da nufin cimma wata takamaiman manufa. Mene ne bambanci tsakanin wannan nau'i na yarjejeniya daga wasu? Inda shi ya samo asali?

zamanin d Roma

Data a kan na farko triumvirate zo mana daga rayuwar Roman shugabanni. A farko triumvirate an halitta uku daga cikin mafi m Sahaban. Kaisar, Crassus da Pompey - halittawa na farko triumvirate, ta kai tsaye mahalarta da kuma inspirers.

Lokacin da akwai wani triumvirate?

Wannan taron Dates daga daban-daban kafofin a hanyoyi daban-daban. M masana tarihi ayan kira game da 60 BC. e, amma sauran tsoho mawallafa, cikinsu -. Plutarch, Livy, Dio Cassius, imani da cewa irin wannan yarjejeniya da aka ake shirya dogon gaban Kaisar ta zaben zuwa consulship. Mafi m, ra'ayin wani ƙawance na uku ne suka zo a farkon 60 BC, da kuma a kan Hauwa'u na nuna na 59, da yarjejeniyar riga shi ne shiri.

Me akwai wani triumvirate?

Wannan yarjejeniya shibtarsu da daidaituwa na raga na mahalarta. Pompey amince da su shiga a cikin triumvirate na pronounced conservatism na majalisar dattijai, wanda aka haka nanatawa da ƙarfi yana tsayayya da sabon tunani cewa tattake ko da nasu kowa hankali. Crassus shiga cikin yarjejeniyar saboda matsayin mahaya. Saboda tara da bambance-bambance mahaya (monetary aristocracy na Roma) kusan m tare da majalisar dattijai kuma ba zai iya lobby domin maslahar su a cikin gwamnatin. Roman triumvirate iya taimaka komar da kudi aristocracy na nobility ne na biyu kawai ga sanatocin, na da hakkin ya tsare da bukatunta.

A Oganeza da na wasa shugaban na triumvirate ya Kaisar. Wasu masana tarihi sanyã Julia irrepressible sha'awar zama da tafin kafa mulkin Roma da kuma da'awar cewa da ya halitta a triumvirate - wani mataki cimma burin. Amma gwaji filaye da muminai cewa Kaisar ya riga ya hatched wani tsoro shirin, ya ba. Zai yiwu wani m sa na hali da kuma spodvignulo Kaisar a kan juyin mulki, amma yayin da yake kokawa da wani m aiki: mallaki abokan adawar da kuma tura ta cikin majalisar dattijai nasu agrarian dokar.

Da ƙungiyar na uku wanda aka aiko?

Don tabbatar da cewa wadannan uku suna tare gu ɗaya, da shi ake bukata musamman sa na yanayi. A wannan yanayin, a cikin hanyar haduwa da uku daban-daban mutane da na kowa, maƙiyi - Majalisar Dattawa. Kowane mutum na gan shi a matsayin cikas ga materialize nasu tsare-tsaren. A farko yana nufin cimma nasu alheri ga kowane ɗan takara zai iya zama kawai madadin management jiki - da triumvirate. Roma tsakiyar 1st karni BC. e. m kanta a matsayin mai jumhuriya, da kuma halittar uku yarjejeniyar shi ne sauyi a tarihin wannan jiha.

fara mataki

Da farko '59 BC. e. biyu consuls - Bibulus da Kaisar, ya dauki sabon matsayi. Duk da yake shi Bibulus da aka sani, kuma a girmama Sanata, patrician, wani m memba na jihar majalisa - ya zama kamar tuki da karfi. Kaisar, kamar yadda kowa na tunanin aka sani kawai, inuwar Bibulus. Amma Kaisar da nasu tsare-tsaren na ofishin jakadancin. Ya zo a cikin harkokin siyasa don warware agrarian tambaya, kuma domin da suke tattara kamar shiryayye mutane a duk inda zai yiwu.

Kaisar agrarian dokokin

Duk da mun gwada fadin agrarian dokar, ya yi matukar mummunan shũɗe a cikin majalisar dattijai, da kuma karo na farko da aka ba ko da sallama ga review. Majalisar Dattijan outraged cewa ƙasar dokar gabatar da jakadan, ba taron - shi ya abar ƙyãma na take hakkin hanya. Amma Kaisar ba su daina. Domin lighting aikin ya gabatar da m bazawa na rahotanni na tarurruka na Majalisar Dattijan, domin kowa da kowa zai iya samun matsahi na saba da cikakken bayani game da tattaunawa. Kaisar barazanar roko ga mutane. Links ga m ãyõyi, wanda ¡uraishi Bibulus bai taimake - Kaisar nada taron, karya da juriya Bibulus da Cato, kuma ya agrarian dokar da aka wuce da rinjaye zaben.

fitarwa na triumvirate

A cikin gwagwarmayar da cewa taso a kusa da tallafi na agrarian dokar, a asirce alliance aka bayyana. Crassus da Pompey sun a cikin ni'imar tallafi na shari'a, da kuma lashe a kan magoya bayan nasu, ko da Pompey barazanar amfani da makaman. A dokar da aka wuce, Pompey ya ƙarfafa matsayinsu, da kuma Kaisar kusantar da a kan gefen ga fiye da mutum dubu ashirin da iyalansu, wanda a karkashin sabuwar doka don samar da nasu allotments. Bugu da kari, Kaisar taimaka wajen tsara tare da majalisar dattijai da kuma yarda da aka yi umurni zuwa Pompey a Gabas, fiye da yawa dalĩli amince ta ally tsakanin kamar shiryayye mutane.

A cikin farkawa daga cikin nasarar Kaisar na iya gabatar da biyu sauran takardar kudi alaka ya fi magoya baya. A farko Talomi Avlet - wani aminin Pompey, ya ya yaba matsayin "wani aboki na Roman mutane." Domin wannan girmamawa Avlet birgima 6,000 zinariya talanti, wanda ake fairly raba tsakanin wani triumvirate. Kaisar ya cika da wajibai da kuma ta sauran ally - Crassus, wanda bayar da shawarwari game da tallafi na haraji-manoman bukatar. Kamar yadda na biyu dokar mahaya aka tauraro biyan kashe wani uku na adadin da cewa ƙwarai karu da shahararsa Kaisar daga mahaya, wanda da yawa dauke su "cikin tuki da karfi na Roma."

Kirki ne mafi kyau siyasa

Wannan samfuri ne mafi kyau jumlar ya jaddada da ƙarfi cewa, ya dade da aka gudanar da baya tare uku na waɗannan ba kama da juna mutane. Kaisar ya cika dukan wajibai da sa kafin shi a triumvirate. Wannan ya taimaka samun shi shahararsa da kuma da yawa daga magoya bayan. Kula da wasu, Kaisar ci gaba da aiwatar da tsare-tsaren su, kuma ya yi haka nan sosai samu nasarar. Amma shi ke wani labari.