Tanã gudãna, kwanoni, da iri da kuma halaye. Sailboats. photo

A farkon sailing tasoshin (da za a bayyana, a wannan labarin) sun fi dubu uku da suka wuce a Misira, kuma shi ne mai al'ada katakon ninkaya mike mast da tuƙi filafili. A kadan daga baya, fiye da m model yi da Phoenicians. Ga su yi, suka yi amfani da itace Lebanon itacen al'ul, da itacen oak. A Phoenician tashoshin jiragen ruwa sun shipyards, wanda samar kasuwanci guda-masted jirgin ruwan da mafi sanye take warships. Around da V a. BC. e. Navy riga ya d ¯ Helenawa da Romawa. Duk da haka, manyan sailing tasoshin bayyana a Turai a zamanin babban Gwargwadon binciken. A sa'an nan ya fi iko Turai iko a search na sabon mazauna fara ba sojan ruwa flotilla to tafiya ba kawai a fadin teku, amma kuma a fadin duniya. Haka abin ya fara da m gwagwarmayar keda daukaka a cikin tẽku, wanda da gudummawar da aiki ci gaban da Shipbuilding masana'antu.

Tanã gudãna, tasoshin a cikin zamani duniya

A zamaninmu, a lokacin da yaki rundunar sanye take da har zuwa na farko fasahar iko jirãge, sailing model fara da za a yi amfani da farko don nisha. Mafi yawa daga cikin zamani sailing Yachts up. A kasashen Turai da kuma Amurka, inda akwai wasanni yacht kulake, wasanni regattas ana gudanar a kowace shekara. Mafi sau da yawa a irin wannan abubuwan da suka faru samu halartar sailing yachts.

Regatta - mai hamayya tsakanin ruwa sailing ko kwale tasoshin.

A bisa ga al'ada, wadannan gasa ana gudanar a Amurka da kuma Ingila. Wasu daga cikin regatta ne mafi girma a duniya gasa, irin su. "Amirka ta gasar cin kofin".

Nau'in sailboats m dangane da bayani dalla-dalla da kuma tooling. Kasa ne main iri iri sailboats.

Rarrabuwa da irin filafili

• Ships da square filafili.

• Ships da lateen filafili.

Square ze tashi aka yi amfani da zamanin d Masarawa da Phoenicians. Yana da wani zane a matsayin trapezium, an haɗe zuwa kwance pgg. Jirãge tare da square filafili tafi da kyau kawai tare da iska, saboda haka suka kyawawan sauri maye gurbin kan kotu tare da slanting filafili.

QFontDatabase ze tashi aka located a raya gefe na mast, to wanda shi ne a haɗe ta gaban baki. Tasoshin da slanting filafili daidai tafiya kamar adalci iska, iska kuma a kaifi kudi. Slanting filafili, bi da bi, ya kasu kashi:

• Latin.

• Spritsail.

• jibs.

Rarrabuwa da yawan masts

• guda-masted sailing yacht.

• biyu-masted yacht.

• Mnogomachtovye yacht.

Mast - shi ne wani ɓangare daga cikin na'ura. Yana da wani a tsaye tsarin da jirgin, wanda aka yawanci goyon yin amfani musamman da mikewa. Mast qirqiro yafi daga softwood.

Masts a cikin zamani duniya

A manyan zamani jiragen da ba su da wani sailing kayan aiki, hasumiyar rasa ta farko aikin da ake amfani ga sauran dalilai:

• Domin jawo wa kasa halayen kasar su (flag da kuma gashi na makamai).

• Domin jawo wa kansu markings a halin yanzu matsayi na jirgin ruwa (rigakafi a kan wata wuta a kan jirgin, rawar soja, da sauransu. D.).

• Don saita daban-daban lighting na ãyõyi.

• Don shigar da wasu sauti sigina na'urorin.

• Domin biya haraji ga jihar a da ruwansu a wannan lokaci ne jirgin. Saka a kan mast da kasa flag kasar.

• Idan akwai wani matattu mutum a kan jirgin, a wata ãyã daga baƙin ciki, kuma wani haraji wa memory runtse kadan daraja da kasa flag.

iri masts

• foremast. Wannan shi ne na farko mast, kirgawa daga baka na jirgin ruwan.

• mainmast. Shi ne na biyu lokaci da irin wannan shiri na jirgin ta hanci. A biyu-uku-masted tasoshin da kuma shi ne har yanzu sosai high.

• Mizzen-mast. A aft mast, wanda a kan wani jirgin ruwan ne latest daga hanci.

Abin da iri ruwa kai ne samuwa?

Rarrabuwa da irin ƙwanso sailing:

• Katako.

• Plastics.

• Karfe.

Nau'in sailing jiragen ruwa a yawan lokuta:

• Single ƙwanso

• biyu-hulled (sailing Catamaran)

• uku-part (sailing trimaran).

A karshe, cikin rarrabuwa na sailing jiragen ruwa, dangane da yin amfani da keel:

• Keel jirgin ruwan (a kan wannan jirgin ruwa amfani da nauyi keel, shi iya rage da jirgin ruwa gantali, kuma ka runtse cibiyar nauyi).

• dinghy (a kan irin jiragen kafa musamman daggerboard, idan ya cancanta, yana yiwuwa su tãyar da rage daftarin da jirgin ruwa).

• Yacht-jayayya (da suka yi amfani da na tsaka-tsaki kayayyaki tsakanin dinghy da keel kayayyaki).

A iri-iri na tasoshin

Ya kamata jerin sunayen sailing jiragen ruwa.

AAK - a kananan daya-masted jirgin ruwa tare da wani lebur kasa, tsara don gudanar da kananan lodi.

Haushi - shi ne mai manyan jirgin, da ciwon daga uku zuwa biyar masts. A jirgin ruwa da aka kullum sanye take da wani square ze tashi, daya ne kawai a kan aft mast slanting gyarawa.

Barquentine - Marine uku-pyatimachtovy jirgin ruwa mai filafili. Mafi yawa daga cikin gãnuwõyi suna sanye take da QFontDatabase filafili. Kawai hanci tsarin yana da wani square ze tashi.

Birgediya - biyu-masted jirgin da ciwon kai tsaye na'ura a kan babban mast da Jib da mast slanting Spritsail a kan mainsail.

Brigantine - sauki biyu-masted jirgin ruwa tare slanting filafili a kan mainmast da square filafili a kan foremast, irin wannan na'ura da ake kira gauraye.

Galleon - mnogopalubnoe manyan teku-faruwa jirgin ruwa tare da wani iko da manyan bindigogi da makamai. Galleons ƙaddara ga dogon Voyages da kuma fadace-fadace. Wadannan tafiya jiragen ruwa sun quite Speed a maneuverable da kuma sanya sama da girma daga cikin Spanish da Turanci jiragen ruwa.

Takarce - wani katako, biyu-hudu-masted jirgin ruwa, wanda aka yi amfani da yafi a kudu maso gabashin Asiya da kuma ƙaddara ga kogi ko bakin teku teku sufurin kaya.

IOL - Birgediya da ciwon QFontDatabase filafili kuma Mast aft matsayi a baya da tuƙi axis.

Caravel - uku-hudu-masted seagoing jirgin ruwa tare da wani gauraye na'ura tsara don teku Voyages da kuma gagarumin sufurin kaya zirga-zirga.

Galera - don haka ya kira kusan duk sailing-kwale jiragen, suka yi amfani da zamanin da. Bugu da kari ga na'ura, yana da daya ko biyu kwale jere.

Karakka - a manyan uku-masted jirgin amfani domin sayar da soja dalilai. The jirgin iya samun har zuwa uku cikas kuma yana da wani da ban sha'awa igwa makamai.

Kech - a kananan biyu-masted jirgin. Daban-daban tsari na aft mast gaban dabaran axis.

Jirgin ruwa mai filafilai - soja trehmachtovik da ciwon cikakken na'ura. Classic jirgin ruwa mai filafilai aka halitta a Faransa a tsakiyar karni na sha takwas kuma shi ne mai sauƙin maneuverable jirgin da kyau makamai.

Da sarewa - kyau teku sailing jirgin tsara don soja kai dalilai. Saboda gaskiya cewa da tsawon da jirgin ya sau da yawa mafi girma daga nisa, da sarewa iya tafiya kyawawan kusa da iska, da kuma shi ya ba shi wani gagarumin amfani a kan wasu, kasa maneuverable tasoshin.

Sloop - soja uku-masted jirgin sailing karkashin filafili madaidaiciya. Yana da aka yi amfani da matsayin tsaro da kuma wani abin hawa.

Schooner - sauki sailing jirgin ruwan, wanda ya m na biyu masts da slanting filafili. Schooner ne mai sauqi ka sarrafa. Suna yafi amfani ga wani iri-iri na kasuwanci da zirga-zirga.

yacht

Da farko tafiya yacht ne mai azumi da haske tasoshin amfani ga kai daga high-ranking mutane. Daga bisani, da jirgin ruwa mai filafili ta fara to suna da wani motor-sailing, motor ko wani sailing jirgin ruwa, akayi nufi don yawon shakatawa, ko wasa dalilai.

A farko yachts fito a karni na sha takwas. Sun kasance sũ ne azumi isa da kuma dadi, shi ke sa m mutane fi son irin wannan Maritime kai. Modern sailing jiragen ne outboard mota, abin da ya sa shi da sauki rawar daji a cikin tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma ze tashi a wani jinkirin gudun, ko a lokacin da wani cikakken kwantar da hankula. Sun kasu kashi cruising (a kan jirgin akwai bukkokin), da yarda, da racing.

Saya a kantin sayar da

Yau, da yawa tarihi sailboats ƙara zama ya kuma kasance ne kawai a kan shafukan da kasada litattafan da hotuna a mujallu da litattafai. Amma shi ba daraja yawa damu. A cikin kantin sayar da za ka iya saya model na sailing jiragen ruwa tsara don thematic kayan ado. Akwai kuma na musamman kaya da Littattafan ga jama'ar sailing jiragen ruwa da hannuwansu. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa tattara jirgin model - wannan ne mai matukar nishadi sha'awa, samun lokacinta a Rasha.

A mafi shahara da kuma almara sailing jirãge, photos da kuma model cewa ne m:

Haushi "Endeavor" - wannan sanannen jirgin na James Cook, a kan wanda ya shiga jirgin ruwa zuwa unknown yayin gaba na Australia da kuma New Zealand.

"Neva" da "Hope" - biyu sloops karo na farko a Rasha tarihi zuwa circumnavigate duniya.

"Prince" - wani English jirgin ruwa mai filafilai cewa nutse a 1854 a cikin Black Sea a game da mummunan hadari. Shahararsa shi ne saboda jita-jita, sunken taska, wanda ya dauke.

"Meri Rouz" - flagship soja English Sarki Henry na takwas, wanda takaici, nutse a 1545.

«Great Jamhuriyar» - da babbar clipper karni na sha tara, wanda aka gina ta shahara shipbuilder Donald McKay.

"Ariel" - Burtaniya clipper, sanya shahara da cewa a 1866 lashe shahararrun "shayi tseren" daga kasar Sin zuwa birnin London.

"Adventure" - wani jirgin daya daga cikin shahararrun 'yan fashi - Captain William kidd.

ƙarshe

A zamanin sailing jiragen ruwa ne mai gaske m lokaci for kasada da kuma romance. Tanã gudãna, jirãge halarci yawa sojan ruwa fadace-fadace, ya shiga jirgin ruwa zuwa uncharted gaba da hawa m taskõkin, wanda ake dangantawa da mai girma yawan Legends. Jiragen irin wannan sadaukar da wani babbar dama wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu. Bisa abubuwan tarihin da sufi labarai shafe tafiya model photographed yawa da suka shahara kasada fina-finan.