Spaso-Betanya sufi, Sergiev Posad: tarihi, photo, adireshin, kwatance

A zamanin d birnin Sergiev Posad, tarihin abin da ke a mayar da m goma sha huɗu karni, da aka sani ba kawai kusan kowane mazaunin kasar mu, amma yawancin kasashen waje yawon bude ido zuwa ga Rasha ganin ta gani. Located kawai hamsin kilomita daga babban birnin kasar, shi ne kunshe a cikin Golden Zobe. A garin ne quite dace don ziyarci. Haka kuma, a nan, da yawa sukan zo da kuma saboda gaskiyar cewa jarrabawa daga cikin manyan abubuwan jan hankali na Sergiyev Posad matafiya ne ishe kawai daya ko kwana biyu.

Sunan wannan gari samu ta ashirin da biyu ga watan na Maris watan Julin 1782 da umurnin Catherine II a cikin girmamawa ga kafa na gida mazauna Sergiya Radonezhskogo. Kuma ko da yake Soviet shekaru (1930 da 1991), garin da aka sake masa suna Zagorsk girmama na neman sauyi VM Lubotsky-Zagorski, bayan ya kõma zuwa ga asali sunan.

Hakika, babban janye wannan kauyen ne na gaskiya, dauke da Triniti Mai Tsarki St. Sergius Lavra - sufi, wanda wannan rana ne m. A ambaci Posada mutane da yawa bayyana tarayya, tare da wannan kyakkyawan Haikalin, da ta fari ganuwar da zinariya domes. Su ne bayyananne riga a ƙofar birnin. Amma ba kawai Sergius Lavra sanar da wannan karamin gari. City domin ta shahara da yawa wuraren bauta, ga wanda shekara janyo hankalin game da ɗari biyar dubu mahajjata. Kowace daga cikinsu yana da kansa m tarihi m. Kuma daya daga cikinsu shi ne Mai Ceton jikin Betanya sufi (Sergiev Posad).

labarin

An located a kudu-maso-gabas da birnin, game da hudu kilomita daga St. Betanya mai ceto sufi a Sergiev Posad - wani wuri cewa an dole kunshe a kowane yawon shakatawa. Haka kuma an da aka sani da "Rasha Betanya."

A cikin marigayi goma sha takwas - farkon goma sha tara ƙarni a cikin mamaki da kyau wasan kwaikwayo wuri mai faɗi da gandun daji a kan karkata Sergiyev Posad a gabashin ɓangare aka kafa da dama zuhudu dormitories. Sun kasance ƙarƙashin Triniti-St. Dakunan kwanan nufi ga fifita kawaicin da nake addu'a, wanda ya unattainable a wani maƙil da yawa mahajjata Lavra.

A farko daga cikin wadannan maza ya zama Mai Ceton jikin Betanya sufi. Abin baƙin ciki, kawai 'yan tsira tunda tsarin yau samar da babban juzu'in tsakiya na karamin kauye Ptitsegrad. Kawai wani m likitan ido ya ce wasu daidaito a cikin wuri na ", niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa" na data a lokaci daya quite babban gine-gine, wanda aka yadu a matsayin Mai Ceton jikin Betanya sufi. Sergiev Posad ya tun canja da cika fuska. Yau, akwai mutane da yawa ban sha'awa wuraren da a cikin ta farko wuri kokarin samun yawon bude ido, amma sai Podmoskovnaya Betanya aka dauke na biyu mafi muhimmanci janye daga birnin.

yi

An yi imani da cewa sa'an nan mazaunin na sufi, Akbishop Platon (Levshin wadanda mutane sunan Peter) kafa Spaso-Betanya sufi (Sergiev Posad). Hotuna da aka adana a cikin birni gidan kayan gargajiya, ya yi shaida da gaskiya cewa wannan wuri amfani da su zama watershed. Shi ne mai manyan yanki na ƙasar tsakanin kogin da kuma hucksters fairly manyan kandami a cikin abin da asali kifi, amfani da bukatun da sufi.

A wuri zaba domin sufi, da ake kira Korbuha. Kafin jirgin embankment aka gina a nan, tare da karkarar a cikin abin da Mai Ceto Betanya sufi, ra'ayi na Dome na Triniti-Sergius Lavra aka gina. New hamada gina shekaru hudu: daga 1783 har zuwa 1787 th. An wani miƙa daga gabas zuwa yamma dogon murabba'i mai dari. Makõmarsu aka haka suna a cikin girmamawa ga Palasdinawa Betanya - inda akwai wani banmamaki tashin Li'azaru daga matattu. gini aikin jagorancin mashahuri gine-ginen da kuma N. Yakovlev Odoevtsev. Su aka gayyata daga Moscow musamman domin gina sabon sufi.

Gamawa na

Abin baƙin ciki, 'yan sani domin tabbatar kama da mai ceto Betanya sufi (Sergiev Posad). Photos, 'yan kiyaye su a cikin gida gidan kayan gargajiya, nuna cewa tsakiyar compositional axis aka lashe Mai Tsarki Gates. Su ƙare tare da kararrawa hasumiya. A kan ƙasa na sufi akwai kuma mai ceto Transfiguration Cathedral, gidan Dukhovskaya coci, hudu da zamantakewa gidaje, da gidan da ya rayu da kansa, Archimandrite Platon, kuma da dama bako Kwayoyin.

Bisa ga aikin, a kan general shirin sun necropolis, kazalika da stables da kuma kocin gidan. Duk da ƙasa a kan abin da Mai Ceto Betanya sufi da aka kewaye da wani karfi dutse aka gina garun.

A 1787, shekarar da duk aikin gine-gine da aka kammala, da mazaunin na sufi da aka gina a cikin Plato metropolitans. Kusan a lokaci guda na da Triniti Mai Tsarki sufi a cikin sabuwar gina Ceto-Betanya sufi, photos of wanda aka gabatar a kasa, sun sha wahala musamman girmama dakin ibada. Yana da wani katako, akwatin gawa a wadda kusan karni biyu, da sauran kaya Sergiya Radonezhskogo.

seminary

Bayan bikin da ya kawo masa, a 1797, da shekara a Sergiyev Posad tafiya ya Sarkin sarakuna Paul I. Ya farko ziyarci da Abbey, bayan da ta je Betanya sufi. A nan sai ya dauki Lardi Platon. A sarki ne don haka gamsu da jihar na sufi, wanda nan da nan bayar da umarni a kafa bude a sufi seminary. Bugu da kari, ya kulla da Betanya coci da kuma gagarumin yanki na ƙasar. Wani umurnin mai ceto yana sufi Betanya aka mai suna zuwa da Saide uku Mills da aka takalman. A ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar da ziyarar da sufi da Sarkin sarakuna Paul Lardi Platon sa obelisk.

A 1800, shekarar seminary fara gina musamman ginin. Kuma da na shidansu Agusta shi da aka bude. Biyu-labarin ginin da hudu hasumiyai aka gina a cikin siffar da harafin "P" - a cikin girmamawa ga Sarkin sarakuna Paul. A wannan sabon ma'aikata suka fara dauki samari, mafi yawa malamai yara. Ilimi a seminary iya samun kan daya daga cikin uku data kasance ofisoshin. Sun kasance sũ ne da nahawu-rhetorical, Tauhidi, ko falsafa shugabanci. Metropolitan Platon da kaina san na kowane dalibi. Ya, kamar yadda evidenced da chroniclers, kamar yadda da ya kula da seminary dalibai kowace rana wajen saka idanu da yanayin su zama. A fili, don haka da mai ceto Betanya Convent, mutane da yawa suka kira "makaranta ta".

Wadanda fata zuwa Betanya Seminary, wanda aka kyau kwarai koyarwa tsĩrar, akwai mutane da dama. Saboda haka, a kan lokaci shi kumbura. Tuni a cikin thirties na karni na sha tara, shi ne babbar gini, halitta a cikin style of classicism.

Bayan rasuwar Metropolitan

A karshen 1812, bayan Napoleon ta sojojin, mãsu bãyar da bãya daga Moscow, ya fara zuwa bar Rasha ƙasa, ya ƙare a duniya tafiya Lardi Platon. Jana'izar da aka gudanar a Tsarki Transfiguration Cathedral. Kuma bayan mutuwarsa tauhidin Seminary, wanda ya zama fi so "brainchild" na mazaunin, ya ci gaba da halittu farfadowa. Yana halartar canje-canje da sufi da kanta. A da karkararta 'yan dutse gine-gine yi nufi ga sufaye, novices da abbots aka gina, da kuma ginin bayar ga poorhouse, da kuma wani hotel.

A sittin daga cikin karni na sha tara wajen manyan biyar-domed babban coci da aka gina a kan site na gidan Dukhovskoy makõmarsu. Yana zama da aka sani da Tikhvin. The coci da biyar bagadan. A farkon karni na ashirin, kan daidai da Lavrov da kuma Chernigov Skete fara samun shahararsa da kuma mai ceto Betanya sufi. Yadda za a samu to shi yau, za a iya samu a official website of sufi.

adireshin

Yau, duk da yawon bude ido da suka zo Sergiev Posad, ko da yaushe hawa a Mai Tsarki sufi na Betanya. Adireshin Rasha Betanya - Maslieva Street, Gina 25. Shi ne kawai uku kilomita zuwa kudancin Chernihiv Gatsemani Skete.

Spaso-Betanya Convent, yadda za a samu to, wanda yake sanin kowane mumini wanda yake zaune a Sergiev Posad, a shekara sami wata babbar yawan mahajjata. Da yawa daga cikinsu zo nan da jirgin kasa ko jirgin kasa. Don isa sufi daga tashar jirgin kasa shi ne mai sauki. Yana da quite yiwu cin nasara da nesa da ƙafa.

Don yin haka, da motsi tare da Railway embankment zuwa arewa a cikin shugabanci na Aleksandrov a kan na biyu jirgin mararraba, kunna dama da tafi waje Betanya. Kuma domin ta, kuma Ptitsegradskoy kai tsaye dama ga Mai Ceto ta Betanya sufi.

Yadda za a samu zirga-zirga

Tafi zuwa ga gidan babban birnin da mota bukatar Yaroslavl karauka. Kafin kai a mauni zuwa Sergiev Posad, kunna dama a cikin shugabanci na Yaroslavl a kan babbar hanya M8. A da shi ya samu ga alamar "turn a kan Itacen inabi." Sa'an nan kuma ka bukatar a cire kashe hanya. Kafin kai da inabõbi ya kamata a mai da al'amari zuwa hagu tare da babban hanya don zuwa sufi.

Mutane da yawa matafiya, nazarin hanya na Golden Zobe kanka, interested in da mai ceto Betanya sufi (Sergiev Posad). Yadda za a samu to da shi, ya ce wani mazaunin birnin. Yi shi da sauki: daga cikin Triniti-Sergius Lavra yi daga titi da dama na Red Army a kan babban tini Karla Marksa. Kuma a sa'an nan samun zuwa sufi na Ptitsegradskoy.

A Soviet shekaru

Bayan juyin juya hali, da tarihi na mai ceto Betanya Convent canja da cika fuska. A sufaye da aka yarda su kasance a cikin sufi kawai a matsayi na da mambobi ne na aikin gona da m aiki. Duk da haka, shekara bakwai daga baya, da sufi da aka har yanzu rufe, duk da haka, a wasu yankunan da suka zauna kafin shekara ta 1929. Mai primonastyrskih gine-gine da aka bai wa yara gida, kuma a cikin wani gidan mallakar Lardi Platon, karfe adana daukan hotuna, wanda mallakar da Tarihi da kuma Art Museum of Sergiev Posad.

A farkon thirties karni na ashirin da Betanya yanki da aka bai kan ga kaji aiki shuka. Yana zama da aka sani Ptitsegradom. A Bolsheviks ba musamman tsohon gine-gine kare. Wasu daga cikin su sun rushe zato saboda disrepair, yayin da wasu - saboda yi abu, misali, shi ne sosai m tubali. Saboda haka Transfiguration Church aka halaka. A wannan ãƙibar ginin a wanda ya rayu Lardi Platon, kazalika da sufi shinge, Mai Tsarki Gate, da Ƙofar dutse kararrawa hasumiyar da 'yan'uwa necropolis.

Ya aka fille kansa da kuma mika wa House of Culture da Tikhvin coci. Ya kasance ko da a wani lokaci da aka yi amfani a matsayin wani incubator, sa'an nan - kamar yadda wani cinema da wani dance bene. A taron karawa juna sani da aka bude da gidaje Skin kuma Venereal Cututtuka Clinic. Game da zarar m sufi a wadannan shekaru sun kama kawai biyu ko uku suka tsira gine-gine.

abu akan sake haihuwa

A shekarar 1998, shekarar da sufi da aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga sufi management. Daga wannan lokacin ta fara Tarurrukan. Tsira da gine-gine da aka yi gyare-gyare da kuma halakar - sake gina. Ba dole ne a ce cewa maido aikin ci gaba a yau. Don mayar da yawa abubuwa yi amfani da raguwar haihuwa hotuna, da zane da kuma almara.

Spaso-Betanya sufi yau

The sufi da aka kewaye da wani shinge sake da Ruhu Mai Gate. Sama su tsaye cikin dutse kararrawa hasumiya. Kashe a na karya-Russian style, shi ne ainihin dutse mai daraja na sabuwar farfado gungu.

A kan ƙasa na sufi bautar wani tsakiyar wuri sabuwar gina Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral. Wannan Novodel haikali m siffar halitta da kamannin na babban coci, wanda ya wanzu a baya. Yana zai ba biyu karagu. Lower keɓe su don daukaka da banmamaki, tashin Li'azaru daga matattu, kuma a saman - na Transfiguration.

A haikalin da aka mayar da ciki ado, wanda aka ɗauki cikinsa ta Plato. Al'arshi da aka yi a kan bagaden. Taru a salla ga muminai ganin shi a matsayin karamin kogo, kamar daya a cikin abin da Li'azaru aka binne shi, kuma sama da yakan Dutsen Tabor. A cikin Haikali, da na sama semicircular kursiyin yakan sahu marmara slab bango. An yi wa ado da furanni, shuke-shuke da dabbobi Figures, simulates tudu.

A halin yanzu shi sanya m gyara da kuma Dukhovskoy coci inda sabis da ake gudanar. Ya ci gaba da sabuntawa na tunawa gidan da ya rayu Lardi Platon. A shinge, kusa da Ruhu Mai Gates detuned sake, a 2012, aka gina wani gini da ya kafa sufi.

yanayin

Spaso-Betanya Convent ne m. Rayuwa a shi gudana ta hanyar mai tsananin doka. Tun 2002, wani ɓangare na ƙasar sufi shige farmstead Lavra. Don samun zuwa sufi iya zama wani yini na mako daga shida da talatin da safe har guda takwas a dare. The safe sabis fara a 5,30 da kuma 6,30 am, da kuma da yamma - at 16,40. The Lahadi makaranta ga yara daga iyalan parishioners azuzuwan kowane mako.

Own ruwan inabi - tushen girman kai na sufi. Sun yi wa kowa da kowa wanda ya zo a cikin Ruhu Mai sufi na Betanya. Sergiev Posad, game da ziyartar reviews wanda aka bar ba kawai mu compatriots, amma kuma yawon bude ido daga dama kasashen Turai, rinjayar da yawa na jan hankali. Daya daga cikinsu shi ne Rasha Betanya, wanda yana da kananan tsakar gida, wanda SUPPLiES gidan qwai da kuma madara.