Sculptures na Ernst Neizvestny: bayanin, hoto

Daga cikin manyan masu fasaha na duniya, Ernst Neizvestny ya dauki wuri mai kyau. Hotuna, hotuna wanda za a iya ganin su a dukan littattafan littattafai a kan fasahar karni na 20, yaudarar ra'ayi na ban mamaki a duniya. Ayyuka na Unknown suna ko da yaushe gane da kuma samar da wani ra'ayi mai haske na magana da muhimmanci. Rayuwar mai zane ba ta da sauƙi, amma ya sami damar kulawa da kansa, tawali'u da kuma fata har zuwa ƙarshen kwanakinsa.

Milestones na biography

An haifi Ernst Unknown ranar 9 ga Afrilu, 1925 a Sverdlovsk. Iyaye, likita da mawallaci, an sake su a cikin shekarun 1930. Yayinda yaron ya fara bayyanawa, ya ziyarci makaranta a matsayin yaro, kuma a 17 ya shiga makarantar a Jami'ar Arts. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Ernst ya ba da gudummawa don gaba, kuma, bayan horo, ya tafi ya yi aiki a cikin sojojin sama. A shekara ta 1945 ya ji rauni sosai kuma ya aika da magani. Domin yakin da aka yi masa rauni, An gabatar da shi ba tare da anan shi ba a matsayin Jaridar Soviet Union. Amma saboda sunan akwai rikice, kuma har tsawon shekaru 28, kwamitin kyautar ba zai iya samun Ernst ba. Just a wannan lokaci na Unknown da wani kai tsaye rikici da Khrushchev a kan batun art, da artist da lakabi na Hero bai ba, sun sauya shi da da Order of Red Star. Bayan yakin, Neizvestny ya koyar a Riga Academy of Arts, a Cibiyar. Surikov, a Jami'ar Falsafa ta Jami'ar Jihar Moscow. A tsakiyar 1950 Ernst Iosifovich ya zama dan wasa mai ban mamaki, wanda ba a fahimta ba. A shekara ta 1962 ya shiga wani zane na zane-zanen zamani, wanda ya kori N. Khrushchev. Tun daga wannan lokacin ya zama da wuya a yi aiki a cikin Harkokin Jakadanci ga Unknown, kuma a shekarar 1976 ya yi hijira, da farko zuwa Switzerland da kuma Amurka, inda zai rayu mafi yawan rayuwarsa. Bayan perestroika, Ernst Iosifovich ya ziyarci Rasha sau da yawa. Ayyukansa suna cikin ɗakunan ajiya da kuma gidan kayan gargajiya a cikin mahaifarsa da kuma a ƙasashe da dama na duniya. Ba'a san shi ba sau da dama, yana da 'yar. Lokacin da yake da shekaru 88, ya sha wuya a cikin aiki kuma ya ci gaba da haifar da rayuwa har tsawon shekaru. Kwanan nan ya mutu ranar 9 ga Agusta, 2016 a Birnin New York.

Hanyar kirkira

Tun daga farkon shekarun 50, wanda ba a sani ba yana aiki da gwaji. Da farko, an gane shi a matsayin mai walƙiya. Amma tun cikin shekarun 70s ya ba da lokaci mai yawa ga graphics, yana nuna ayyukan wallafe-wallafen, musamman, "Cutar da azãba" by F.M. Dostoevsky. A cikin Hukumar ta USSR, Neizvestny kawai ke da nune-nunen biyu kawai, bayan haka sai ya dame shi saboda sha'awarsa don gaba-garde. Tun 1965, ya shiga cikin shakatawa a yamma. Kafin ya tashi zuwa ƙasashen waje, Ernst ya gudanar da ayyuka 850 a cikin USSR. Kuma bayan hijira, Unknown ya zama mai shiga tsakani a wasu abubuwa masu fasaha a kasashe daban-daban na duniya. Yana da kwarewar aiki sosai. Hotuna na Ernst Neizvestny sun zama masu ban sha'awa, sai ya zama mai ban mamaki sosai. Bayan perestroika, mawallafin ya sake fara aiki a cikin mahaifarsa. Daga ƙarshen karni na 20, an san wanda ba a sani ba a duk faɗin duniya a matsayin mai rai mai rai, maigidan.

Yanayin marubucin Ernst Neizvestny

Tuni a farkon ayyukansa, mai zane-zane ya nuna bidi'a. Hotuna na Ernst Neizvestny haɗuwa da zurfin alamar alama da kuma nunawa mai karfi. Shi ne magabcin sabon sifa na karni na 20. Abubuwansa su ne misalan duniya da zurfin falsafanci, ba a banza wasu masu sukar ba, suna ƙoƙarin bayyana salonsa, wanda ake kira ayyukan Unknown ta hanyar "hoton fasaha". A aikinsa mai girma Ernst Iosifovich sau da yawa ya juya ga jikin mutum, yana kokarin hada shi da duniyar kayan tarihi, mai zane ya kira shi "yanayi na biyu". Babban manufar aikinsa shine 'yan Adam ne, abin da ya faru ne na rayuwar mutum, ma'anar ita ce mafi yawan abin da yake da shi a cikin rayuwarsa. Ya juya gaba ga matsalolin ɗan adam, yana sha'awar mafi girma daga ruhaniya. Ta hanyar fasalin tsarin marubucinsa, masu bincike suna kira babban launi, fadin ra'ayi na hoton, babban mataki na fadakarwa na hoton.

Hotunan da aka fi sani da Ernst Neizvestny

Abinda aka tsara na Ernst Neizvestny yana da girma, har yanzu ba wanda ya yi la'akari da adadin ayyukan da mai sarrafa ya yi. Ya kasance mai sauƙin gaske, saboda haka akwai adadi mai yawa na halittunsa. Ayyukansa mafi shahara sun hada da alamar N. Khrushchev, mawallafi masu ban sha'awa The Tree of Life da Orpheus, abin da ya ƙunshi Prometheus da Yara na Duniya, da abin tunawa da Lotus Flower, siffofin hotunan A. Tarkovsky da D. Shostakovich, aikin addini " Zuciya na Almasihu ", zane" The Golden Child "a Odessa, ma'anar" Revival ". Wannan jerin bai cika cikakke ba, tun lokacin da mai zane yake da ayyuka da yawa. Modern sassaka ne ba kawai wani Collectible, amma sau da yawa shi ya zama wani ɓangare na mutum muhalli. Yawancin masana kimiyyar zamani sun kirkiro ayyukan musamman don birane daban-daban, Ernst Neizvestny kuma ya yi aiki sau da yawa. An riga an kafa masana'antu a Moscow a lokacin perestroika kuma su ne mafi yawan aikin mai girma. Don haka, a babban birnin kasar Rasha za ku iya ganin irin wadannan abubuwan tarihi na 'yan wasa kamar "Tree of Life", "Revival", kabarin N. Khrushchev.

Orpheus

Siffar mita biyu "Orpheus" na Ernst Neizvestny an halicce su a 1962. Ana sa ainihin asalin studio a New York. Almara domin wannan aiki da aka yi amfani da su haifar da kyauta figurines TEFI. Yawan yana da nauyin kyan gani - 8.5 kilogiram, kuma ya sake maimaita hoton "mai girma". Ma'anar ƙirƙirar hoton ya zo wurin zane-zane bayan Khrushchev ya kware halittunsa a wani zane-zane. A cikin hoto na mawaki da kirji mai tsabta, yana wasa "a kan igiyoyin ruhunsa," haƙĩƙa, Ernst Iosifovich ya wuce kan abubuwan da ya faru a wannan lokacin.

Tree of Life

Duniya, matsalolin duniya kullum suna sha'awar manyan masu fasaha, irin su Ernst Neizvestny. Sculptures "The Tree of Life" da "Prometheus da Children of the World", halitta bisa ga myths, suna sadaukar da tambayoyi na duniya na kasancewa, mai kyau da mugunta. A cikin "Tree of Life" marubucin ya ba da adireshin Littafi Mai-Tsarki ba kawai, amma ma alama ce ta sauran addinai, da kuma abubuwan da suka shafi tsibirin. A cikin hotunan, zaku iya ganin fuskokin mutane daga dukan tsufa, daga Adamu da Hauwa'u zuwa Yuri Gagarin. Kambi na dukan abun da ke ciki ba a banza zuciyar mutum ba don alama ce ta rayuwa da ji. Ba a san shi ba game da wannan halitta har tsawon shekaru 50. Yau, hoton yana cikin Moscow, kuma kowane mutum zai iya gani.

Alamar Khrushchev

Misali na rayuwa mai ban mamaki ba za a iya dauka matsayin hoton Khrushchev ba. Ernst Unknown a cikin shekarun 1960, bayan Khrushchev ya bugi halittunsa, yana kira aikin Neizvestny "lalataccen fasaha", ba zai iya sayar da aikin guda ba. Domin shekaru 15 yana sayar da kawai ayyuka 4, ba zai iya karɓar umarni na jihar ba, ya yi aiki a matsayin mai caji. Sabili da haka, zuwa Khrushchev, Unknown yana da wani mummunar hali mai kyau. Duk da haka, bayan mutuwar Nikita Sergeyevich, 'yan uwansa suka nemi yin dutse, mai karɓa ya amince. Ya kirkiro wani abun da ke tattare da mahimmanci game da gwagwarmaya da haɗin kai tsakanin bangarori, haske da duhu. Wannan aikin yana kan kabarin Khrushchev a cikin kabari Novodevichy.

Masoya na baƙin ciki

Ernst Neizvestny, wanda zane-zanensa na iya gani a gidajen kayan tarihi mafi kyau a duniya, sau da yawa a cikin aikinsa ya juya ga batun rashin 'yancin jiki da ruhu. Shekaru da yawa ya yi aiki a kan wani abin tunawa ga wadanda ke fama da matsin lamba a cikin Hukumar Harkokin Jakadancin Amirka, sun sanya "Mask of Death". A cikin misali, mai zane ya nuna ra'ayin munafunci na tsarin mulkin Soviet. Ya halicci wata alama ce ta baƙin ciki da matan da iyayen da ke jiran ba da laifi ba. A cikin abin tunawa, an sake sake gina ɗakin kurkuku, wanda za ku iya hawa dutsen matakan kamar gidan kurkuku. Alamar mintin mita 15 tana bayyane kusan daga ko ina cikin Magadan - babban asalin sansanin Soviet.

Furen Lotus

Da yake bayanin abubuwan da Ernst Neizvestny ke yi, wanda ba zai iya tunawa da abin da ake kira "Lotus Flower" a Misira ba. Alamar alama ta nuna alamar Soviet-Larabawa kuma an sanya shi a kusa da Aswan Dam. Wannan Neisvestny ya gina ma'aunin mita 75 na haɗin gwiwar tare da haɗin gine-gine biyu, wanda daga bisani ya yi ƙoƙari ya ƙaddamar da rawar da mai ƙirar ke yi akan aikin. Duk da haka dai, Ernst Josifovich ya zana hotunan da ya ba da damar ƙungiyar marubuta don lashe gasar don kafa wannan abin tunawa. A yau shi ne daya daga cikin manyan kasashe goma na duniya. Dukkan ciki na furen an yi ado tare da bas-reliefs bisa ga zane na Ernst Neizvestny.

Zuciya na Kristi

Ernst Neizvestny, sculptures abin da suke a mafi kyau tarin a duniya, an girmama su haifar da wani yanki da aka adana a cikin Vatican Museum. Siffar "Zuciya na Kristi" wani bambanci ne akan batun gicciyen giciye. Mai zane ya kirkiro wani abu mai rikitarwa, a tsakiyar wanda akwai gicciye, amma adadi na Kristi yana kewaye da wani abu, alama ce ta ciwo, tsoro, kuka da mutum. Ina so in saya aikin Paparoma John Paul II, amma sculptor ya ba da shi ga firist, da shi yanzu adorns da Vatican Museum.

Kyauta da kuma tunanin

Hotuna na Ernst Neizvestny suna samuwa a sassa daban daban na duniya. A New York a ɗakin zane-zane ya tattara kundin kyawawan ayyukansa. Tarin ban sha'awa shine a gidan Ernst Iosifovich, a Yekaterinburg. A nan ana sa da yawa sculptures da mai yawa graphics. A cikin birnin Sweden na Uttersberg akwai gidan kayan gargajiya tare da karami amma mai kyau tarin ayyukan da master. Amma manyan ayyukan mai zane na kan tituna na birane na duniya, wasu suna cikin gine-ginen sanannun.

A lokacin rayuwarsa, Ernst Neizvestny ya sami kyaututtuka da kyaututtuka a kasashen waje. Har ila yau, mahaifar ta baiwa mawallafin ta saboda. An ba shi lambar yabo ta kasa da kasa, da dokar girmamawa, kyautar jihar ta Rasha.