Savannah na Afirka: hoto. Dabbobi na savannah na Afrika

Yanayin yankin located in subequatorial bel, tare da hankula herbaceous ciyayi, da kuma kananan faci na itãce, kuma shrubs, kira Savannah.

Savannas na Afirka suna da fiye da kashi 40% na yankin nahiyar. An bambanta su da bambancin fauna da flora. Bugu da ƙari, bisa ga masana kimiyya, wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin yankuna masu zaman kansu a duniya.

Sauyin yanayi

Hasken Afirka na jin dadin yanayi mai zafi. Ana furta lokacin hunturu mai sanyi. Yawan zafin jiki na watanni mafi sauƙi shine +30 ° C da sama, cikin watan sanyi mafi yawan zafi ba ya sauke ƙasa +18 ° C. Yanayi bai wuce 2500 mm a kowace shekara ba.

Ƙasa na savanna na Afrika

A cikin wannan yanki, yanayin da ake ci gaba da tsire-tsire mai tsanani ne - ƙasa ba ta ƙunshe da na gina jiki (ko a cikin ƙananan ƙananan). A lokacin fari, ya bushe sosai cewa zurfin zurfin yana fitowa a farfajiyar kuma wuta ke faruwa sau da yawa. A lokacin yalwar ruwan, kasar gona ta zama abin ruwa.

Furotin na savannah na Afirka

Domin rayuwa, itatuwan savanna sun samo takamaiman abubuwan da ke kare su daga fari da zafi. Mafi wakilin wakilai na floanna savannah shine baobab. Kwanta na kullun yakan kai mita 8. A tsawo, wannan mai girma ya kai mita 25.

Gwargwadon gashi na baobab da haushi suna iya haɗo danshi, kamar soso. Tushen tsayi da iko suna sha danshi daga zurfin ƙasa. Mutanen Afirka sun koyi amfani da harbe da ganyen baobab don abinci, kuma daga haushi don yin kayan aiki daban-daban.

Duk da cewa ba shahararrun sharuɗɗɗan sharaɗɗa ba, duniya mai mahimmanci na savannah (Afirka da sauran cibiyoyin ƙasa) ya bambanta. A nan akwai tsire-tsire waɗanda suka fi yadda wasu suka dace da fari, har tsawon wata guda.

Ganye

A cikin savannah sosai lokacin farin ciki da kuma m ciyawa. Alal misali, giwan da yake da babbar ya kai har tsawon mita 50 kuma yayi kusan mita biyu. Bugu da ƙari, aloe da bishiyar bishiyar asparagus suna da dadi a nan, da kuma yawan hatsi na hatsi.

Bishiyar sausage

Babban abu mai ban mamaki (ga Turai) itace itacen tsutsa ya girma a waɗannan wurare. Sunan shi ne saboda 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ban mamaki da suka girma zuwa kimanin 50 cm A cewar mazauna gida, ana amfani dashi a maganin rheumatism da syphilis. Bugu da ƙari, yana da wata alamar wajibi a cikin al'ada don fitar da mugayen ruhohi.

Idan kana duban hotunan farfadowa na Afirka, za ka iya ganin cewa a wadannan wurare akwai itatuwan dabino da yawa. Kuma shi ne ainihin. Akwai itatuwan da dama a nan.

Bugu da ƙari, mai shuka duniya yana da wadata a cikin prickly bushes, mimosas - mafi kyaun giraffes dain.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa a lokacin fari a cikin savannah, duk tsire-tsire yana so ya daskare: sau da yawa a wannan lokacin bishiyoyi suna lalata ganye, ciyawa sukan ci gaba da ƙonewa a karkashin rana mai zafi. Akwai gobara masu yawa, daga abin da tsire-tsire suke shan wahala.

Amma a lokacin da ta ruwa, Afirka yanayi farfado. Ya bayyana sabo mai kyau, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire iri iri.

Dabbobi na Afirka (savanna)

A cikin fadin sararin samaniya, yawancin fauna suna zaune a cikin wadannan ƙasashe saboda abubuwan da suka faru na ƙaura, wanda, a sama duka, suna da alaƙa da canje-canje a yanayin yanayi a duniya.

Miliyoyin shekaru da suka gabata, dajiyar ruwa ta rufe Afrika, amma hankali ya sauya yanayi, sabili da haka manyan sassa na gandun daji sun ɓace. An dauki wurin su da gandun daji da tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. Hakanan, wannan ya taimaka wajen fitowar sababbin dabbobin da suke neman sharadi mai kyau don rayuwa. Bisa ga masana kimiyya, na farko daga cikin jungle ya zo a nan giraffes, bin magoya bayan mahaifa, jigilar nau'ukan jinsuna, birai da sauran herbivores. Abin sani kawai ne bayan da mutane suka fara yin amfani da su don yin savanna - serval, cheetahs, zakuna, jackals da sauransu.

Antelopes da zebras

Yanayin wildebeest antelope yana da mahimmanci cewa yana da wuya a rikita shi da wani dabba - jiki mai tsayi da gajeren jiki a kan ƙafafun ƙafafun ƙafafu, mai nauyi da aka yi ado da ƙaho mai tsayi da manes, wutsiyar fukafan fuka. Kusa da su, akwai ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan Afirka - zakoki.

Giraffes

Hotunan hoton Afirka, wanda muke gani a cikin litattafan, littattafan tallafin kamfanonin tafiya, dole ne mu nuna mana daya daga cikin wakilan na fauna daga waɗannan wuraren - giraffes. Da zarar adadin waɗannan dabbobi ya zama babba, amma sun kasance na farko da za su sha wahala daga mazaunan fararen fata - daga konkinsu suna sanya murfin wajan. Yanzu giraffes suna ƙarƙashin kariya, amma lambar su ƙananan.

Elephants

Wadannan su ne mafi yawan dabbobi a Afirka. Savannah ba zai iya tunanin ba tare da manyan giwaye ba. Daga takwarorinsu na gandun daji suna rarrabe su ta hanyar karfi da kunnuwa. A farkon karni na XXI, adadin giwaye ya ragu sosai, amma godiya ga matakan kiyayewa da kuma kafa wuraren ajiya a yau, giwaye sun fi karfin karni na karshe.

Rhinoceroses

A rabo na fari da kuma baki dorinu da suke zaune a Afirka Savannah, kiwata tsanani damuwa masana kimiyya. Ƙahofunsu suna da yawa sau hudu kamar yadda zagin giwa yake. Saboda haka, su ne mafi gangamin ganima na masu cin abinci. Kawai fara a Afirka reserves taimaka kare wadannan dabbobi daga darkãkẽwa.

Lions

Savannah na Afirka yana da yawancin mutane. Ƙarƙashin kullun da ke tsakaninsu yana da zakuna. Suna zaune cikin kungiyoyi (prides). Sun hada da tsofaffi da matasa. A cikin ayyukan girman kai an rarraba su - matasa da yara masu zinare suna ba iyalin abinci, kuma maza suna kula da yankin.

Leopards da cheetahs

Wadannan mambobi suna da kama da juna a waje, amma sun bambanta a rayuwa. Babban kayan samar da cheetah shine gazelle. Damisa - Hunter m, ya samu nasarar farautar warthogs (Afirka daji aladu), baboons, kananan barewa.

Hyenas

Na dogon lokaci an yi imani da cewa wannan dabba marar aiki mai lalata, ba farauta da abun ciki kawai tare da ragowar zakunan zakuna. Kamar yadda masanan kimiyya na zamani sun gano, wannan ya kasance daga nisa. Hudu suna farauta da dare, suna da sauƙin kashe koda dabbobi masu yawa, irin su zebra ko antelope. Kuma, mafi ban mamaki, waɗannan zakuna sun fi dacewa su "daidaita" a kan hyenas, kuma ba haka ba. Da jin muryoyin su, "sarakuna na yanayi" suke hanzari zuwa wannan wuri kuma suna fitar da 'yan dangin daga ganima. Mafi yawan kwanan nan ya zama sanannun cewa 'yan bindiga sun kai hari ga mutane kuma suna da matukar hatsari.

Tsuntsaye

A cikin ciyawa da ƙasa, ana samun kwari da tsutsa da yawa, saboda haka yawancin wakilan tsuntsaye sun bambanta fauna na savannah. Sun zo nan daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Mafi na kowa storks, krasnoklyuvye Quillen, Angulaye, marabou, Afirka Jiminai, Angulaye, horned zakara, da dai sauransu A savannas rayuwa mafi girma da kuma, watakila, daya daga cikin mafi kyau tsuntsaye a duniya -. Jiminai.

Hoton duniyar dabba na nahiyar Afrika ba zai cika ba idan ba mu ambaci 'yan lokaci ba. Wadannan ƙwayoyin cuta suna da yawa nau'in nau'i. Gine-gine su ne halayen halayen farfajiyar tsabta.

Ya kamata a lura cewa dabbobi suna girmamawa sosai a Afirka. Babu abin da za a iya ganin hotunansu a kan wasu makamai masu yawa na Afirka: zaki - Congo da Kenya, da zebra - Botswana, giwaye - Cote d'Ivoire.

Ƙungiyar dabba ta duniya mai cin gashin Afirka na tsawon shekarun da suka bunkasa gaba ɗaya. Matsayin lafiyar dabbobin zuwa wasu takamaiman yanayi yana da tsayi sosai. Zuwa garesu akwai yiwuwar gudanar da raƙuman tsari ta hanyar hanyar abinci da tsarin ƙira. Wasu amfani da harbe na matasa shrubs, wasu - haushi, wasu - buds da buds na shuke-shuke. Bugu da ƙari, irin wannan tsire-tsire daban-daban dabbobi suna ɗauka daga wurare daban-daban.

Kammalawa

Savannah na kudancin Afrika wani wuri ne wanda ke da alamu da tsayayyar yanayi da kuma kyawawan halittu masu ban mamaki. Mawuyacin gwagwarmayar rayuwa a wadannan wuraren shine cikin jituwa mai ban mamaki tare da yanayin mai ban mamaki, da kuma wadataccen tsire-tsire na duniya da dabba - tare da dandano mai ban sha'awa da kuma abincin Afrika.