Ryazan Kremlin: tarihi, da sake dubawa kuma hotuna. Museum na Ryazan Kremlin

A Kremlin ne mafi tsoho ɓangare na birnin na Ryazan. Just a wannan wuri, a 1095 aka tushen Pereyaslavl Ryazan, wanda a 1778 aka sake masa suna zuwa yanzu sunan. A wurin da aka zaba daidai. Kremlin Ryazanskiy located a kan wani babban dandali, da ciwon wani yanki na 26 kadada da kuma siffar wani sababbu quadrangle kewaye a kan uku bangarorin da koguna. Kuma burbushi na wani tsoho yarjejeniya samu a nan nema a mayar ma daya shekara dubu BC.

A kadan tarihi

Pereslavl, a kan zato na archaeologists, aka gina a bakin tafkin da sauri a cikin yankin arewacin ƙasar tuddai. Wannan ya tabbatar da yin amfani da mafi fasahar zamani. Sa'an nan, ya fara samar hanzari da kuma zuwa 14th karni riga ya cika dukan Kremlin tudu. A dalilin ne mai sauqi qwarai: karshen 13th karni, birnin canza ta matsayi, shi ne ya zama babban birnin sarauta, kamar yadda Ryazan, wanda da irin wannan daraja da, aka akai-akai halaka su a lokacin da Mongol-Tatar mamayar. Pereyaslavl, kamar yadda tarihin Ryazan Kremlin ce, sosai da sauri ya yi fiye da da tudu da muhimmanci kumbura zuwa yamma da kuma kudu. Kuma da Kremlin ya kasance mafi garu, tsakiyar ɓangare na birnin, kuma shi ne mai ƙarfi ƙwarai sansanin soja da tsarin na gargajiya Rus kufaifan. Tare da kawai daya hannun, da kudu-maso-yammacin, ba shi da kariyar koguna, dug wani moat da kuma kewayen kewaye da mounds. Ya giggina garu katako ganuwar da 12 hasumiyarki. Glebovsky ƙofar hasumiyai su ne babban da kuma duba a cikin shugabanci na Moscow. A 18th karni Pereyaslavl rasa darajar outpost kudu na Rasha, da kuma mafi yawan soja Tsarin aka rushe. Shi ya kasance to mu lokaci kawai wani ɓaɓɓake daga wani shaft 300 mita tsawo da kuma moat a kudu maso yammacin part.

Kara ci gaba da na Kremlin

A gwada da dogon lokaci Ryazan Kremlin gina up tare da itace. Shi ne kawai a farkon karni na 15th fari dutse, kusa da Prince ta kotu, gina wani Duk fa'din birni Cathedral na ɗauka Cathedral. Kuma ga biyu da rabi na 17th karni a Pereslavl zo da heyday na dutse gine. A wuri inda a baya aka located sarkin fadar hadaddun, gina dukan gungu, kunsha na yawan} ungiyoyin Tsarin: lamba na tattalin arziki da kuma administrative gine-gine, ciki har da - coopers, smithy, Consistorial da Choral gidaje, na zama ɗakunan ajiya na bishop, wanda daga baya aka kira " Oleg 'Palace. A na gaba, da 18th karni, da ikon mallakar aka kewaye da wani shinge da aka yi da dutse, mu sa 'yan ƙofofi. A lokacin da Consistory jiki za a iya gani a gutsure na daya daga cikinsu.

Lama Pereyaslavl da Cathedral Square

A zamanin da biyu gidajen dake a cikin ƙasa - da biyu maza. A kudu - Spassky, mafi tsufa, a arewa-maso-gabas - Dukhovskoy. A kan ƙasa na farko na dogon lokaci da aka birni arziki sosai, hurumi. A cikin 40s na karshe karni an narkar, da barin a ƙwaƙwalwar na biyu magada daga binne:

1. Sassaƙa, Farfesa IP Pozhalostina na da St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, wanda ya rayu daga 1837 zuwa 1909 shekaru.
2. Artist kuma marubuci S. D. Hvoschinskoy, wanda ya rayu daga 1828 zuwa 1865 shekaru.

Kuma a cikin 1959, daga cikin kabari da aka mayar da su Ryazan Ya. P. Polonskogo, wata babbar Rasha mawãƙi wanda ya rayu a karni na 19th. A mafi muhimmanci wuri Pereyaslavl ya Cathedral Square, a cikin ƙasa da abin da aka located: da clerks na bukka - babban cibiyoyin birnin gwamnati, da foda jam'iyya da kuma kurkuku yadi.

Ryazan Kremlin a cikin marigayi 19th - farkon karni na 20th

By cikin karni na 19th, wannan batu ne a hankali rasa ta tsakiyar muhimmancin. secularization na coci ƙasashe da aka za'ayi, da kuma bayan wannan gona bishop ki muhimmanci. By ƙarshen 18th karni gari kwashe daga cikin Kremlin, kuma tun sa'an nan da dawo da aka kawai ya lura a lokacin daban-daban addini holidays. Sauran lokaci - shiru da kuma m unguwar. Amma a farkon karni na 20th, ta hanyar da aiki na kimiyya da al'adu gari na jama'a, kazalika da na gida masu bincike, Ryazan Kremlin fara saya da matsayi na daya daga cikin manyan kuma muhimmanci wuraren tarihi a yankin. By da 800th ranar tunawa da birnin, a 1895, sai ya zama cibiyar da grand bikin. A Palace of Oleg Museum of Church Antiquities bude a shekara ta 1914 - Drevlekhranilishche, kuma a shekarar 1923, a Soviet sau, lardin art-tarihi gidan kayan gargajiya.

Wadannan wuraren tarihi - yanzu

A sabon mataki na gidan kayan gargajiya-ajiye Ryazan Kremlin ya fara a 1968, lokacin da hukumomin kasar sun kafa nan da gine-gine da kuma tarihi hadaddun. Bugu da kari zuwa karkarar tsoho Pereyaslavl, shi ya hada da dukan gine-gine da kuma tsaron gida Tsarin da ƙarni, sun tsira to waɗannan kwanaki. The sosai ƙasa da aka sa a cikin tsari, da gine-gine a mayar da juya a cikin wani gidan kayan gargajiya. Don kwanan wata, wannan gungu da wani picturesque wuri mai faɗi da kuma kyakkyawan tsoho gine mutunci ne ba kawai a yankin tsakiyar birnin Ryazan, kuma shi ne daya daga cikin ƙawarta da girman kai na dukan na Rasha.

zato Cathedral

A kowace shekara da yawa yawon bude ido zo wadannan wurare don samun Masana kadan bayan nasu kasar, 'yan kasashen waje - a sami wani ɓangare na Rasha tarihi. Saboda haka, a nan ne tsakiyar tunawa na ɗauka Cathedral na Ryazan Kremlin, wanda muka ambata a taƙaice. Yana da aka gina Yakovom Grigorevichem Buhvostovym, da most m, a 1693-1699, bi da bi. Cathedral aka gina a matsayin wani babban coci haihuwa Haikali, amma ya juya daga wani babban tsarin, wanda ta size, 1600 murabba'in mita da kuma 72 mita high, ya wuce mafi yawan gine-gine na lokacin. The gine-gine da style na ginin - Naryshkin Baroque, ne mai kyau misali na Organic kira na icon zanen, sassaka da kuma gine. Alal misali, shi ne na musamman sassaƙa a kan farin dutse architraves da portals. Bakwai tiers na gumaka a total tsawo na 27 mita sanya wani almajiri da kuma bin Simona Ushakova Nikolaem Solomonovym. Thread iconostasis kashe Sergeem Hristoforovym ma yana da kyau kwarai m abin yabo. Ginshikan sanya daga rai guda itace gangar jikin kowane. A lokacin bazara, babban coci ne bude wa baƙi. Akwai ko da sabis. A 2008 ya daina zama a gidan kayan gargajiya da kuma mika wa gida diocese.

Glebovskiy gada da kuma babbar katanga

Idan akai la'akari da Cathedrals na Ryazan Kremlin, ba a ma maganar Almasihu, wanda suke da sauran kaya daga St. Vasiliya Ryazanskogo, da bishop, kazalika da kabarin gida ya'yan sarakuna: Sofia - ya Dmitriya Donskogo, Ivan Uku da kuma 'yar'uwar - Anna. A kan ƙasa da Kremlin yana Glebovskiy dutse gada, wanda aka gina da kararrawa hasumiya a cikin 18th karni. Shi yana da wani arched zane. Ko da a baya a wuri da aka katako gada da aka yi da itacen oak, wanda yana da wani shingen dogwaye da ta haɗu da babban ɓangare na birnin tare da kurkuku. Da zarar ya bace da barazana da waje harin, an maye gurbinsu da wani dutse. Daga kudu maso yammacin na Kremlin tudun ne wani tsoho USAID - wani ƙasa tudun ƙasa. Its tsawon - 290 mita, duk da cewa ke bar. Tun da farko, kafin 18th karni, shi ya katako garu da hasumiyoyin. Bãya gare shi ya kasance wani tsanya cika da ruwa da kuma zurfin bakwai mita. Kuma ko da yake shi ne yanzu kasa da wani babban shaft da kuma m, amma har yanzu ban sha'awa, kuma tsaye alfahari sama da kewaye yankin.

Dvorets Olega

Idan ka shawarta zaka ziyarci Ryazan Kremlin, tafiye-tafiye mafi dadi da kuma taimake ka ka saba da duk wuraren ban sha'awa. Za shakka nuna, misali, da most of yakin gini - Dvorets Olega, wanda aka gina a shafin inda asali aka located yarima ta kotu. Akwai amfani da su zama cikin gida majalisar na bishops, su tattalin arziki rai, fraternal Kwayoyin da kuma gida coci. Building yanki - 2530 murabba'in mita. Yana yana da uku benaye, wanda aka gina, ba a lokaci daya, amma a cikin hãlãye. A cikin tsakiyar karni na 17th m Yu. K. Ershov gina na farko guda biyu da kuma a karshen wannan karni m G. L. Mazuhin gina wani uku. A 1780, m Ya. I. Shneyderom tsawon ginin da aka ƙara saboda da tsawo to gabas. Kuma a cikin gaba karni lardin m S. A. Schetkin gaba daya sāke gina shi. Shi kuwa yana da kyau gini tare da Baroque pediment, canza launin trims da Terem windows. Tun daga nan, ya zama sananne a matsayin Dvorets Olega.

tsarkakewa da Corps

By nazarin gidan kayan gargajiya Ryazan Kremlin, ba shi yiwuwa ba a kula da tsakiyar tunawa da gine na 17th karni - Choral jiki. Gina ta m Yu. K. Ershovym, shi samu da sunan saboda da tsarkakewa bada gudanar a nan. Ko da yake, a gaskiya, babban manufar ginin in ba haka ba. Wadannan su ne masu rai bariki ga ma'aji, kuma wakilinsa, episcopal ministoci. A karshen na jiki da aka sanya samun tattalin arziki, wanda yana da kansa ƙofar. A gini - rectangular, biyu-labarin, tsara a cikin gine-gine da style na lokaci. Saboda shirayin, a cikin style of gine na zamanin d Rasha, shi yana da musamman m look. A vaults da ganuwar, ciki har da m wakilinsa, fragmentary kiyaye kyau zane-zane. Yanzu wannan gini da aka located a gidan kayan gargajiya nuni kira "A al'ada kakanninsa," wanda ya gaya game da holidays, kuma yau da kullum Rasha na mutane na wancan lokacin. Fiye da ban sha'awa suna located a cikin ƙasa na Ryazan Kremlin. Dauki lokaci domin ziyara, kuma zai zama wani abu to tuna na dogon lokaci sa'an nan.