Rawar da bile a narkewa. Bayyana da aiki na bile a narkewa

Bari mu ce, kafin ka saka gaba da aiki: bayyana bile aiki a narkewa. Don yin wannan, dole ne ka farko karatu ta biochemical abun da ke ciki, Properties da sunadaran da bile da ake bukata domin ta dace narkewa kwayoyin abubuwa da yin sama da abinci. Wadannan al'amurran da suka shafi za a jawabi a wannan labarin.

secretory aiki

A hanta ne mafi girma gland shine yake a cikin gastrointestinal fili, muhimmi a vertebrate dabbobi da kuma mutum. Ya kunshi parenchymal Kwayoyin, kira hepatocytes. A guda na hanta cell yana daya ko fiye nuclei kuma kunshi sassa biyu kira jijiyoyin bugun gini da kuma biliary. Last jam'iyyar hepatocyte lamba tare da sinusoids cewa sami jini daga hanta jijiyoyinmu. Wannan bangare synthesizes glucose, sunadarai, bitamin da kuma lipocomplexes.

A ɗaya gefen na hepatocyte directed zuwa bile capillary. Shi ne ake kira biliary. Yana samar da bile. Yana gudana kashe a cikin capillary, kuma daga gare ta - a cikin ducts. Saboda haka, a kyakkyawan hanta bile generated hepatocyte gefe ba shiga cikin jini, tun biliary capillary ne rabu da jikin hanta sinusoidal Kwayoyin.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa hepatocytes suna harhada samar segments, wadda bile ducts a kuma fitar. Sun ci kuma nau'i biyu main kwatance - hagu da dama. Suka fito daga tsakiyar lobe daga cikin hanta. Kuma a sa'an nan ci ta samar da wata na kowa bututu wanda kara daga ta ƙofar da vpadot a cikin gallbladder. Saboda haka, hanta ne sashin jiki secreting bile. Anatomy of bile, gall mafitsara sifa da aiki za a yi la'akari da mu kara.

Wanne bukatar a saki bile?

Mahadi da cewa taimaka manne macromolecule hadaddun kwayoyin da aka gyara na abinci, bile da dangantaka. Yana abubuwa a kan sighting lipids, tana mayar da su daga wani insoluble jihar ta samar da wani emulsion. Gudanar da bile acid cholic - chenodeoxycholic da cholic - ne surface-aiki abubuwa. Su emulsify fats abinci samu daga ciki a cikin duodenum, gudanarwa da su tsagawa ne Madĩna da enzymes daga cikin pancreas - lipase.

A biochemical abun da ke ciki na bile

Sanin tsarin da tsarin abubuwa da hanta lobes, sassan biliary hepatocytes, kazalika da biochemical abun da ke ciki, kana sun yi daidai bayyana aiki na bile a narkewa. Gastroenterologists an gano cewa, a cikin hanta da hadadden tsarin da roba na gudãna daga ƙarƙashinsu, da makamashi metabolism. Bile kanta ne wani ruwa ko haske zaitun ruwan kasa. Ya ƙunshi 98% ruwa, kazalika da pigments, cholesterol, cholic acid, lecithin, da kuma bitamin enzymes.

Ka yi la'akari da tsarin da kuma wurare dabam dabam na bile acid. Suna kafa daga wani steroid barasa - cholesterol. Shi ne kuma wani ɓangare na cell membranes. A hepatocytes cholesterol ne oxidized da kuma samar da primary bile acid. Suna iya mutate, zama na biyu: metaholevuyu da deoxycholic. Wadanda, bi da bi, samar da gidaje tare da gina jiki monomers - taurine da glycine.

Wadannan gidaje suna da mafi amsawa, kuma suna kunshe a cikin ruwa a cikin nau'i na sodium ko potassium salts. Bile pigments - wani biochemical bangaren, babban abin da yake bilirubin. An kafa ta halakar haemoglobin abin da ya auku a cikin hanta macrophages - Kupffer Kwayoyin kazalika a cikin baƙin ciki. Lecithin - wani bangaren na bile. Haka kuma an kafa a cikin hanta da kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin metabolism na m acid da kuma cholesterol ragewan ta matakin. Ya kuma daukan bangare a cikin emulsification na fats.

Abin da kaddarorin bile?

Bayan karantar da sinadaran abun da ke ciki na secretions na hanta, za a iya daidai wakiltar da rawar a cikin rashin lafiya kwayoyin halitta da kuma la'akari da asali ayyuka na bile a narkewa, wanda dabam- dabam suke. Alal misali, ya ƙunshi wani abu don wanka da kuma acid bayar da tasu gudunmuwar mai tsagawa manyan kwayoyin a cikin karami su. Bile rinjayar da enzymes hydrolyze da carbohydrates da sunadaran ba: amylase da trypsin, kara da catalytic Properties. A ciki enzyme - pepsin - shi abubuwa da m hanya, Ina nufin damuarn ta aiki, wadda take kaiwa zuwa wani kaifi karuwa a PH na ciki abinda ke ciki, tun da acidity rage-rage.

Kadaici da bile kara habaka sha mafita daga ma'adinai salts, bitamin A da kuma D, kazalika da amino acid. Asiri na hanta shirya mota da kuma secretory aiki na kananan hanji. Wannan shi ne rawar da bile a narkewa.

Sassan bile kuma zholcheotdeleniya

A baya can, mu yi binciken da kaddarorin na hanta mugunya samar da biliary sassa na hepatocytes. Kuma mu ma samu cewa abun da ke ciki, Properties na bile kuma da muhimmancin a narkewa m. Wadannan hanyoyi kuwa sune za'ayi biyu mutum juyayi tsarin da humoral hanya. bile samuwar aka inganta a matsayin mayar da martani ga reflex ruri interoceptors ganuwar mucous membranes na baka rami, ciki, kananan hanji.

Gallbladder: tsarinta da rawa a narkewa

Kamar yadda murdede sashin jiki, shi ne dake kasa da ƙananan baki na hanta. Yana yana da wani wuyansa, jiki da kuma kasa. Da zarar ka anatomically obosnuete inji na ta aikin, sa'an nan ku iya bayyana aiki na bile a narkewa. Ta kullum kafa a cikin hanta da kuma sake shiga cikin duodenum kawai a lokacin m cikin abinci jiki. Tsakanin abinci sirrin ajiye a cikin gallbladder.

Bincike da hanyoyin gudanar da bincike da bile

Ga al'ada rayuwa a cikin halayen da gastrointestinal fili na bukatar wasu physiological da biochemical hanta mugunya. Kana physiologically wajaba bayyana cikin ayyuka na bile a narkewa idan ta asibiti sigogi ne na al'ada. Suna ƙaddara da wani yawa fractional duodenal intubation.

A lokaci na farko na binciken muhimmi sulusi da murabba'i ya shirya. Ya kamata da wani haske rawaya launi da kuma wani PH mafi girma daga 7. A na biyu lokaci da rufaffiyar sphincter na Oddi m tsaya daga bincike kamata ba. A cikin uku mataki na nazari asibiti al'ada matakan bile ne kamar haka: juz'i - daga 3 zuwa 5 ml, Color - haske launin ruwan kasa. A karo na hudu zamani yana game da sa'a. Launi hanta mugunya dabam daga zaitun (vesical bile) har sai da rawaya-amber. Da PH = 6.5-7.5 da wani yawa na game da - 1038. A karshe zamani, da kasafi na hanta bile, yana zuwa minti 20. The yawa rage-rage zuwa 1011, PH = 7,5-8,2.

Sabawa daga sama sigogi zai zama nuni da pathological cuta na hanta, gall mafitsara ko ducts. Mafi na kowa irin cuta ne da samuwar duwatsu a cikin mafitsara saboda ya karu danko na ruwa, kazalika da take hakkin ta contractile aiki. Kamar yadda ka gani, a wannan labarin, mun yi nazari da kuma koyi sirrin na hanta - bile, ma'anar kuma ta aiki a cikin matakai na narkewa.