Quail Daga cikin Home Farm

UDC 636.5 / .6

Quail a gida gona.

Kaji, geese, ducks, turkeys - gargajiya da mazaunan kaji-yadi, amma pheasants, Guinea kaza da quail bayan gida ya fara bayyana gwada da kwanan nan, amma cikin sharuddan tattalin arziki mai amfani ne da ban sha'awa sosai.

Quail - dada kuma ripening Kaji Pheasant iyali na kaza. Ta sauƙi tabbatarwa da kuma ciyar ba ka damar ci gaba da su a cikin gari da kuma a cikin karkara. Yana bada har zuwa 300 qwai a shekara. A musamman abinci da kuma abin da ake ci Properties damar kusan kowa da kowa ya ci quail qwai da nama ba tare da hane-hane.

Halittu da kuma tattalin arziki halaye, saboda abin da ya kamata ta da tattabaru dõminku.

• su ne mafi precocious kaji fara kai daga kwanaki 40 zuwa 2 watanni na shekaru, da ta riga shi quite balagagge tsuntsu cewa za a iya bar don samun qwai, ko amfani ga nama.
• Quail unpretentious, a cikin wani keji 50x95x35 cm iya rike wani talakawan na 50 a raga a kowace rana quail ya zama 20 - 25 g na abinci, watau, watanni biyu - .. to 1.5 kg, da kuma aiki halin kaka an rage wa da kullum ciyar, canza ruwa, tsaftacewa gabatarwa da kuma tattara qwai. A kullum ne 70-80 tsuntsaye da 1 sq.m.
• Quail da wuya samun rashin lafiya da kuma iya yi ba tare da alurar riga kafi. Su kasa mai saukin kamuwa zuwa yawa cututtuka muhimmi a cikin sauran na gida kaza da quail qwai za a iya ci raw, samun cikakken kewayon gina jiki ba tare da asarar a lokacin zafi magani. Wannan yanayin ba ka damar samun kayayyakin tsabtace muhalli, ba tare da yin amfani da alluran da kuma maganin rigakafi.

A fannin daji quail maida hankali ne akan kusan dukan Old World. Kuma a ko'ina, tsuntsu ne abu na wasanni farauta. Na halin yanzu da aka sani shida subspecies, abin da ya bambanta dan kadan a cikin size da kuma launi, ya fi na kowa talakawa quail. Gurbi shi a Turai, Arewacin Afirka da Asiya, da kuma winters a tsakiyar Afirka da kuma kudancin Asia, inda ya shafe watanni 7-8 a shekara. Yana zaune a kan filayen da kuma a cikin duwatsu. Yana sheƙarsu a ƙasa. A kwanciya 9-15 qwai, wanda da mace incubates for 15-17 kwanaki. A rage cin abinci yana amfani da yafi tsaba, buds da kuma harbe, wani lokacin kwari.

A kudancin Ukraine, Arewa Caucasus da kuma a tsakiyar Asiya a lokacin kaka farauta tsuntsaye ƙaura zuwa ga kowa quail kafin ya zama kifi, da tsuntsaye da kuma Salted domin nan gaba amfani ganga. A total kama da fall a kan Black Sea Coast na Caucasus kai dubu da dama guda. A tsakiyar Asiya da kuma Caucasus shi ne har yanzu tartsatsi farauta da musamman horar da sparrow shaho.

Chemical takin zamani da magungunan kashe qwari da amfani a cikin filayen kazalika da taro yi garkuwa, ya jagoranci wani m karu a yawan tantabaru a kanku; a wannan lokacin.

Domestication quail fara game da shekara dubu da suka wuce, a Japan, amma kawai game da shekara ɗari da suka wuce, sun fara da za a yi amfani da wuraren kiwon kaji masana'antu don samar da qwai da nama. Da zarar an shigar damar mãtã ga shekara-zagaye quail kwai kwanciya fara kiwon waddan tsuntsu ya kara kwai samarwa. Kasashe da dama sun kafa management damar 700-800 dubu. Carcasses da kuma 'yan dubun miliyan. Qwai a kowace shekara. A sakamakon kiwo Lines samu kwai samarwa, wanda aka yada a kasashen da dama. A China, da shekara-shekara samar da fiye da miliyan 25. Shugabannin quail.

A Rasha Perepelovodstvo suka fara samar marigayi - tun shekarar 1964, lokacin da Duniya Nunin a kan kiwon kaji da kuma gwaji kaji farm aka kawo VNIIPP 27 quail. Daga baya, daga Japan kawo wani 1,000 quail watanni da shekaru. Wannan shine tsarin zamani gida quail - da kai tsaye zuriyar Japan. Abin baƙin ciki, a cikin 60s, masana kimiyya ba su samu wani amfani a kwatanta da quail hens. Amma a gaskiya, quail mun ko da yaushe yana cikin wadata. Tun zamanin da, suka kama a cikin gandun daji na Kursk, Orel, Tula, Tambov da Kharkov larduna. Tashi quail ba kyau sosai, yafi gudu. Mun kama su mutane da dama. Mafi cancanta shi ne wanda ya iya da kyau kwaikwayon muryar wani tsuntsu, da kuma cewa tafarkin tsuntsaye a cikin cibiyar sadarwa.

A halin yanzu, da kasuwar size of quail qwai a Rasha an kiyasta a 145 miliyan. Guda. a kowace shekara, quail nama game da 600 ton a kowace shekara. Fiye da kashi 70% na tallace-tallace zo daga manyan birane. A cikin kananan garuruwa da yankunan karkara asusu na kasa da 10%. Idan mun gwada da yawan kasuwar damar da yawan jama'a na quail qwai a Rasha ne game da 20 sau da ƙananan fiye da a Japan.

A karuwa ban sha'awa a cikin quail a Rasha ya bayyana a kan bango bayani a kan darajar su qwai a fi na mutane shafi daukan hotuna zuwa radiation bayan da chernobyl masifa. Experience na amfani da aka bayyana a da mujallar "Ogonyok." Jami'an likitoci rubuta ci daidaita a marasa lafiya, da bacewar gajiya da jin zafi a zuciya, rage gunaguni na dizziness da nosebleeds. Haka kuma, a cikin jini daga cikin yara na gwaji kungiyar ya karu haemoglobin abun ciki, kuma suna samun nauyi. likitoci hukunci: don gane quail qwai m abin da ake ci samfurin da kuma bayar da shawarar su domin lura da mutane da fallasa su rediyoaktif radiation.

New impetus ga masana'antu samu dangane da kasa aikin na ci gaba noma, wanda ja hankalin 'yan kasuwa a wannan kasuwanci.

Yanzu perepelovodstva kayayyakin bayar da dukkan nau'i-nau'i daga m kera, daga manyan wuraren kiwon kaji gonaki da kuma manoma su masu zaman kansu gidaje. A cikakkar jagora a cikin samar ne Voronezh yankin, inda uku kaji gonaki mallaki rabin na kasar iya aiki. High m da Krasnodar, Stavropol, Rostov, Samara da Bryansk yankin, da kuma waɗansu da yawa.

Perepelovodstva yau da kullum masu amfani da kayayyakin da dama manufa kungiyoyin:

• amfani ga likita dalilai. Kwarai abin da ake ci da sinadirai masu Properties, kuma Ya ƙãra kasancewa sun haifar da wani gwaji karuwa a kashi.

• baby abinci. A kashi suka fara samar a cikin 90 na kan backdrop na da yawa wallafe game da kwarai mai amfani da quail qwai. Yana da gudummawar da wannan da kuma cewa perepelovodstva kayayyakin bambanta da babu rashin lafiyan halayen da kuma diathesis cututtuka a yara, kazalika da mai kyau digestibility.

• mai lafiya rage cin abinci. A cikin 'yan lokaci, da girmamawa a kan wani lafiya salon a kasar, kamar yadda a da yawa raya ƙasashe, daya kashi na wanda shi ne mai lafiya rage cin abinci.

Quail qwai dandana kamar kaza. An yi imani da cewa su na yau da kullum amfani da safe kafin cin abinci raw ƙaruwa lamarinsa, da kuma yin amfani rates for 2-3 watanni inganta da yanayin mutane da fuka, da tarin fuka da kuma cututtuka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin. Quail qwai, sabanin da qwai da sauran kaza, kasa cholesterol free, sabili da haka shawarar ga tsofaffi. A kwatanta da kaza, wani quail qwai dauke 5 sau mafi potassium da baƙin ƙarfe 4.5 sau, 2.5 sau da V² H¹ bitamin, kazalika da gagarumin yawa na bitamin A, phosphorus, cobalt, kuma nicotinic acid. Quail qwai ne mafi muhimmanci, da kuma gina jiki abun ciki. Quail qwai high sinadirai kuma abin da ake ci darajar ne ma saboda wani gagarumin abun ciki na wani iri-iri na fats da mai-mai narkewa bitamin a wani mafi kyau duka domin mutum shi ƙaddarãwa.

Quail nama ne daban-daban taushi, dandano da juiciness. A dandano da sinadaran abun da ke ciki na da shi, kazalika da qwai, kira a matsayin mai muhimmanci da ake ci kuma kafe kayayyakin. Quail nama dandano mafi alhẽri kuma aukaka kaza, naman alade da kuma nama bitamin (A, H¹, V²), gano abubuwa (da baƙin ƙarfe, potassium, cobalt da tagulla), da kuma muhimmanci amino acid.

Zabi ...

A halin yanzu, zabin da 'yan jinsunan quail samu: marmara, Fir'auna Birtaniya baki da fari quail, da kuma daban-daban hybrids daga crosses daga waɗanda breeds. The International rajista littafin quail breeds da Lines rubuta shida jinsunan: fari da kuma baki English, Australian rawaya-kasa-kasa, zinariya Manchu, smokingovaya da Fir'auna, kazalika da 60 daban-daban Lines. All, fãce da irin Fir'auna, wanda yana nufin naman sa, ake amfani da su samar da qwai.

Quail al'ada (daji) - da karami gallinaceous tsuntsu da jiki tsawon 16-20 cm, yin la'akari daga 80 zuwa 150 g mace kajin hatched da jimloli ga 17- 20 days. Bayan da bushewa, da kajin nan da nan za a fara a rarake abinci da kuma girma sosai da sauri kuma ta 40th rana, na balagaggun tsuntsaye da gashinsa da kuma kokarin tashi. Su ne sauki asali a cikin backyard, shan la'akari da yawan shawarwari. A lokacin shekara, fãce ga tsakiyar lokacin rani, da rage cin abinci ya kamata fi shuka abinci a cikin nau'i na sabo ne ganye, tsaba daban-daban ciyawa. rani da tsuntsaye rayayye ci kwari da Shellfish a cikin manyan yawa. A cikin mahallin da salon salula abun ciki suna unpretentious amma sosai firgita abu yi la'akari lokacin da zabar wani keji: ko katako ko keji saman da aka yi da zane ko roba raga. A cikin cell a tire yafa tsabta, da kyau-bushe kogin yashi, wanda ake amfani da su bushe wanka tsuntsu parasites. Feeders da waterers ga ruwa sanya a waje to hotuna a yashi kajin ba sanƙarar da abinci da ruwa.

Bugu da kari da na kowa quail (wanda kuma ake kira Turai) a kan ƙasa na Rasha zaune bẽbãye, ko Japan quail, wanda shi ne har yanzu prevalent a Korea, arewacin kasar Sin, da kuma Japan. Na Japan quail kiwo da kuma asali kankara da aka samu. Maza ku auna nauyi 110 zuwa 120 g, mãtan a kan talakawan 138 g, a wasu lokuta har zuwa 150, da kama da aka fara a shekara 40-60 kwanaki da a shekara zai iya kawo har zuwa 300 qwai ko fiye. A talakawan nauyi na 9-11 grams na qwai. Undemanding ga tsarin mulki da ake tsare da su resistant zuwa yawan cututtuka. A mafi yawan lokuta, shi ne bred Japan quail.

Fir'auna quail breeds kasance a cikin rukuni na nama breeds, plumage launi ne guda a matsayin cewa daga cikin Japan quail. Weight mãtã a kan talakawan 235 g, tare da kewayon daga 160 zuwa 310g, yayin da maza auna daga 160 zuwa 260, da mãtan fara kwanciya qwai yana da shekaru 40-50 kwanaki, da kuma ga shekara ne 220 qwai, tare da wani taro na 12 zuwa 18 grams. Wannan irin tattabaru dõminku amfani da samar da broiler tattabaru dõminku, kwanaki 45, da haihuwa, ba za su iya isa wani live nauyi na 150-180 g

Japan quail, sabanin mafi jinsin, ba ya rasa da halaye, kasa whimsical ga shiryawa da yanayi da kuma ciyar da. Da nauyi da kuma kwai samarwa ba yadda sharply rage saboda rashin gina jiki a rage cin abinci. Bugu da kari, kasar Japan thermophilic kasa da kuma cinye kasa feed da naúrar na fitarwa.

A view a kiwo a gida quail sun canza kasa da sauran 'yan cikin tsari na kaza. Canje-canje a kwai samarwa da kuma live nauyi - quail da live nauyi na har zuwa 30% more pronounced siffofin nama, kwai shi ne mafi tsananin da 46% fiye da na daji da kakanninsu. Amma sun rasa ikon guje rasa da ilhami ga nesting da incubating qwai, ba tara a garkuna bayan kiwo, da kuma mafi muhimmanci - rasa hunturu hutu a jima'i aiki.

Da abun ciki na quail.

Kafin ka fara quail dole ne ka fara da shirye-shiryen da gabatarwa, cages da kuma kayan aiki. Kaji iya kiyaye a kasa ko a cikin Kwayoyin, amma dakin dole su zama a bushe, dumi, mai haske kuma mai tsabta. Samarwa daban-daban kayayyaki na tsit quail kaji gidaje tare da paddock, suka ba su bambanta ba fundamentally al'ada kaza coops. Amma akwai wasu nuances cewa bukatar da za a dauka a cikin account:

Tu cikin dakin akwai kamata ba wuya a kai wuraren, saboda Quail, musamman matasa dabbobi, soyayya da za a hammered a cikin dukan fasa da sauran secluded wurare. Rufi kasa 2 m ne ba kyawawa, quail sau da yawa harbe har a wani babban gudun da kuma bukatar wani isasshen sarari. Yana da kyau a cire rufi a lafiya roba raga. Daɓen ƙasa, ya rufe da yashi, peat ko kwakwalwan kwamfuta. Ake bukata kwalaye da yashi-gardama ash cakuda su bushe wanka. A yadi na cikin gida da kuma tafiya haƙa a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin akalla 30 cm. Lokacin shigar da dakin da kuma shirya tambour aviary, in ba haka ba kansa ilimi sakamako tsuntsaye welling nufi da yanci. Paddock da pritemnyayut dakin da kai daga hasken rana kai tsaye.

Dasa yawa aka ƙaddara a kan tushen da cewa a wani quail bukatar yanki na akalla 15x20 cm. Ragi kamar rashin sarari, abu zuwa karu a kwai samarwa.

Ne sauƙin ci gaba da quail Kwayoyin, sabanin kaji, suka ji mai kyau da suka ji, ne sauki don kula da kuma karba iyali, za ka iya ƙwarai ajiye sarari, aikin famfo baturi Kwayoyin. Kamar wancan ne a kan 1 sq.m iya saukar 200-300 hens da kuma karba daga wannan mini-gona 200-250 qwai kullum.

Sel za a iya shigar a cikin Apartment, sito, kuma a lokacin rani kai tsaye a cikin lambu. Cell size aka ƙaddara tushen 120-150 sq. gani ga kowane adult tsuntsu. A siffar da size daga cikin sel na iya zama sosai daban-daban, amma mafi alhẽri, ba shakka, gaba ɗaya se sanya daga galvanized welded raga tare da ta dace raga size. Wadannan Kwayoyin suna da sauki ta yi aiki, da sauki disinfect da kuma šauki tsawon. A mafi sauki da kuma mafi m ne a cell-module sanya daga galvanized m Grid. Raga size a cikin feeders da waterers sashi na game da 30 mm. Sosai dace Multi-daki cell whatnot. Yana iya sa a cikin Apartment, da kuma a cikin gidan.

Feeders, sha bowls za a iya samar da, daidai dace da kuma shirye stock ga ornamental tsuntsaye. Wannan wuri feeders da waterers, rataye feeders, baho, mini-cages don gudanar da tsuntsãye.

Yana da kyawawa don har yanzu suna a stock:

• psychrometer ga zafin jiki da kuma zafi iko a cikin dakin da incubator.
• bactericidal irradiator - domin disinfection na kaji gidan da kuma kayan aiki.
• Loof ultraviolet fitilar irin da infrared irin galogennovuyu CG.
• Brooding laima ga matasa.
• ovoskop don sarrafa Hatching qwai.

Quail sun rasa na ilhami na shiryawa, sabili da haka yana bukatar wani incubator. Don nuna quail za a iya samu nasarar amfani da kaji Dwarf breeds ko gida na tattabarai, amma incubator ne m. Idan kana bukatar kawai biyu ko uku kaji, yana da sauki ga saya su a kan wani ad, maimakon kokarin kacokan a wani incubator. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa 3-5 hatchlings girma da wuya sosai. Perepelyata calmer Feel, idan suna da yawa. Idan 'yan kajin, za su ko da yaushe amo irin na jemage, kuma zai kasance da wuya ya kare su daga danniya da kuma mutuwa.

A 'yan dubaru ...

u Don mafi quail koma motsi da kuma canza yanayi, shi ne shawarar saya su yana da shekaru 6-8 makonni. A lokacin da zabar wani tsuntsu, duba gashinsa a kusa da cloaca. Saurari numfashi, ko wheezing kuma shẽwa. Kaji kada ta kasance obese ko ma bakin ciki. A lafiya tsuntsu yana da wani kodadde ruwan hoda launi da fata a kan ciki, yellow yayi magana akan cutar hanta. A baki kamata su zama a bushe ba tare da ginawa-up. Pribolevshy kasãla tsuntsu tare da ruffled gashinsa.

u New tsuntsaye ya kamata a kiyaye a cikin rigakafi ga biyu ko uku makonni kafin a fara a cikin na kowa aviary, a lokacin makon farko zai zama mai kyau desoldering rauni bayani na potassium permanganate.

Quail bukatar abar kulawa da kulawa, shi ne bu mai kyau don zuwa wani karami aviary ko keji, kazalika da hawa cikin cell, don haka kamar yadda ba su sa danniya a cikin tsuntsaye. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa shi bada shawarar yin amfani da atomatik feeders da waterers. Godiya a gare su, zai iya zama na lokaci mai tsawo ba a ta da tsuntsu. Suna shirya ko cikakken waje ko ciki, amma a cikin wani hali a waje da tantanin halitta yana cajin.

Domin for your dabbobi a kai a kai share da kuma ji da kyau, dole ne ka cika da wani yanayi na quail. Wannan, a sama da dukan, zafin jiki da kuma yanayin haske, kazalika da ciyar da daidaita, high-gina jiki abinci. Sauran quail wajen undemanding tsuntsaye.

A dakin a cikin abin da Kwayoyin suna kafa domin quail iya zama tare da windows ko ba tare da su (da windows, ba shakka, mafi alhẽri) amma tare da mai kyau samun iska, samar da wadata na sabo ne iska (for 1 kg of live nauyi kaji akalla 1.5 m³ / h a cikin sanyi lokaci da kuma 5 m³ / h zuwa dumi). Irin wannan iska ne kawai wajibi ne ga m musayar quail abubuwa. Amma a lokaci guda a cikin dakin, wanda ya ƙunshi wata quail, akwai kamata ba zayyana, Quail su musamman m, daya daga cikin alamun zayyana ne mai hasara a fuka. Quail zama kusan tsirara kwai samarwa tayi kuma qara mace-mace.

Ganiya zazzabi for kyau faduwa 19-20 C halatta hawa da sauka daga 18 ° zuwa 25 ° C. A yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa 16 ° C iya ƙarasa mace oviposition. Birds m jure matuƙa na zazzabi, wacce ta duba mana da sanyi, daga crowding iya mutu. Duk da haka ya bayyana lokuta da abun ciki na quail hunturu a unheated dakuna a zazzabi a cikin cell yanki a cikin kewayon 5-12 C, kuma ta haka ci gaba da za a kwashe quail.

Hasken Rana sa'o'i - wani muhimmin factor a mai kyau kwai samar da viability na quail, kuma a lokaci guda a kan dakin lighting, amma kuma daga matsananciyar haske ne cutarwa - a haske na tsuntsu zo tashin hankali da kuma tsokane layout. Isa ya rufe da Kwayoyin a yankin domin amfani da Iskar Wutar ko mai kyalli 40-50 W (MDC-40). Domin kiwo qwai haske dole ne a lit 17 hours, dole ne a kiyaye yanayin -. Za'a iya canza hasken zai kunna da kashe a lokaci guda, wannan mulki ya shafi dukkan sauran ayyuka - ciyar, kwai tarin, da dai sauransu

zafi a dakunan inda balagaggu quail, kada ta kasance kasa 55%. Lower danshi na dogon lokaci take kaiwa zuwa wani karu a ci, da kuma, daidai da, karu a kwai samarwa, gashinsa zama gaggautsa, quail zama disheveled bayyanar. A wannan yanayin iska dole ne moisturize jinsi showering ruwa da kuma sa cikin akwati da ruwa ga vaporization. Mafi sau da yawa akwai low zafi a lokacin rani ko a wani karfi mai tsanani da dakuna. Har ila yau undesirably kara zafi sama 75%. Mafi kyau duka zafi na 60-70% domin quail dukan zamanai.

Don high yawan aiki quail bukatar cikakken ciyar. Daily perepelyata haife sosai kananan (har zuwa 6 grams), amma hanzari girma, da kuma 2 watanni na shekaru, da suka isa wani nauyi na adult tsuntsaye. Dalili na rage cin abinci domin tattabaru dõminku suna ciyar. Tun da quail da mafi m metabolism da kuma physiological halaye da kuma abun da ke ciki na abincin dabbobi ga quail na da peculiarities: ya zama daidaita, sosai calorific kuma tare da ganiya mataki na nika.

daidaita makamashi da rage cin abinci na hatsi sinadaran - masara, alkama, gero, sha'ir. Bisa ga raw gina jiki - cake, cake, legumes da abinci na dabba asalin (nama da kashi da kifi abinci, madara foda). Quail bukatar gina jiki dabam dangane da shekaru.

100g abinci dauke: da danyen proteina- 22% alli - 2; phosphorus 1.6 da kuma 0.6% sodium. Views na daban-daban masu bincike na quail bukatar danyen gina jiki karfi da saba. Amma shi gano cewa, da tsuntsaye na iya kawo wuce haddi gina jiki, ko rashin su ba tare da yawa, lalacewar cikin wadannan iyaka: majiya karfi tsakanin zamanai na 1 zuwa 30 kwanaki yana daukan daga 23 zuwa 26.7% da danyen gina jiki, daga 31 zuwa 46 days - 16-26%. hen - daga 20 zuwa 24%.

Domin ciyar quail kuma yi amfani da abinci ga broilers da PC-5 PC-6 tare da wasu Additives, kuma ku ciyar ga kwai-kwanciya hens matasa farko instar sawmills PC-2. Ciyar da quail yawan balagaggu da ta fara da wani 6-mako-old, adult ciyar a kan abinci translation dole ne sauka a hankali, domin 5-6 days.

A cikin kwanciya lokaci kullum amfani abinci ga shugaban ne 22-30 g kafa a kan wannan, muna iya lissafi da zama dole ajiye abinci da aka ba wa data kasance dabbobi gona. Alal misali, sa'ad da abun ciki 100 quail mãtã kullum feed amfani ne kamar 2.5-3 kg, Saboda haka da wata feed ake bukata game da 90 kg, yayin da na tsawon 2000-2300 zai kawo quail qwai.

Shi ne m abinci ya kunshi 3 gyara, - masara, alfalfa (bitamin A), soya gari da kuma daidaita. Wannan na samar gina jiki gaba daya kwayoyin quail. Don cika karancin abincin dabbobi kuma iya zama amfani earthworm kuma larvae na mealworms, wanda ana iya karbe a cikin vitro. Bugu da kari, mai kyau kari zai iya bauta wa sabo ne (ba m) kitchen sharar gida da kuma lush greenery, kuma duka da za a iya ba da tsuntsu da yalwa.

Fodder ciyar da biyu a bushe, kuma a cikin m jihar. A kiyasta amfani da adult tsuntsu da rana: zernomuchnyh abinci - alkama, sha'ir grits ko oatmeal - 12 g; gina jiki - sabo kifi, minced nama, cuku - 12 g; bitamin - karas, kabeji, latas, nettles da sauran zelen- ba tare da iyakancewa. ma'adanai - kwai bawo, alli - 3G. Yana yiwuwa ba sunflower ko waken soya abinci ko madara foda (0.5g per day). A matsayin bitamin goyon baya quail ba grated karas, apples, beets. Dukan abinci dole ne a niƙa, sa'an nan Mix da kyau. Mode na ciyar da adult tsuntsaye 2-3 sau a rana, a lokaci guda.

Quail bazara ba wani Unlimited yawan ganye: ganye, kabeji, beets, Clover, alfalfa, nettle, latas, da kuma alayyafo. Quail kamar yankakken Dandelion ganye, nettle, Yarrow, borage, Urushalima artichoke. A cikin hunturu, tsuntsu kamata a ciyar da ganye toho hatsi, gero, alkama, albasa, zai zama kyau idan su Hay da girma a ɗaka ko salatin bar Tradescantia. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin 'yan houseplants da suke da kyau quail. Kada ka ba quail fi na tumatir, dankali, milkweed, faski, seleri, faski, kuma nightshade berries, duk buttercup, tansy, zobo, masara da buckwheat ganye, hatsin rai, lupine.

Quail sosai mugun reacts ga canji na abinci, sakamakon wannan digo a kwai samarwa. Bird amsa ko idan feed daga daya shuka, amma daban-daban canjawa na samarwa, ba za a iya kidaya qwai. Watau har zuwa karshen tsohuwar feed, ka riga ya shiga wani sabon kadan, hankali da canja wurin da tsuntsãye shi. Quail duk painfully jure wani kaifi canji - lighting, zazzabi, rage cin abinci ko ciyar da lokaci, da sauti.

Lura ...

u Sau da yawa a cikin adult quail ne decomposes da dama a gashinsa. Hanyar rarake iya zama wani haske, da yawa crowding ko rashin bitamin. Idan gashin tsuntsu asara ba a hade tare da molting ko tamowa, shi ya shaida ga wani mummunan zazzabi yanayi.

u A ingancin ciyar za a iya hukunci da ƙarfin eggshells kuma tsuntsu sabili da kashin dabbabin. Kullum zuriyar dabbobi m texture, duhu a launi tare da wani farin shafi na uric acid. Liquid taki ne duhu kore, ko jini inclusions nuna tsuntsu cuta ko guba tebur gishiri. Yellow - da wata ãyã wuce haddi carbohydrate, da kuma baki - yiwuwa daga da suka wuce haddi gina jiki. Zawo da amfani ga oatmeal ko shinkafa ruwa maimakon ruwa.

Babban fasali na quail ciyar za a iya raba uku lokaci:

• farkon lokaci, a shekaru daga 1 st zuwa 7 ga watan rana perepelyatam ba sanyi Boiled da mashed tare da bawo quail ko kaza qwai. Na farko shi ne fin so. A kan 2nd ranar rayuwa ga eggfood ƙara cuku a cikin kudi na 2 g da tsuntsu per day. A rana ta uku shi ne mai yiwuwa a hada a feed yankakken sabo ne ganye. A kan 4th rana rage kwai abinci da kuma kara yawan cuku. Quail ciyar 5 sau a rana.
• biyu lokaci - daga 2 nd zuwa 4 ga watan da ya gabata na rayuwa. Yana ciyarwa akai a lokacin da abinci dauke da 100 g na akalla 24-26% da danyen da furotin da kuma 280 da adadin kuzari musayar. Ciyar da sau 4 a rana.
• uku lokaci - 5-6 makonni na rayuwa. A wannan lokaci, quail kayan abinci ga adult tsuntsaye, amma matakin na danyen gina jiki da aka rage wa 15-17%, domin kauce wa farkon balaga, da kuma m farko na faduwa, wanda zai shafi baya a kan total number da kuma nauyi na qwai. A total girma na murƙushe hatsi feed hatsi ƙaruwa.

A Feeder ya kamata ya cika da abinci ga 2/3 na zurfin, kamar yadda quail watsa feed.

Shiryawa da quail qwai, ba za ka iya amfani da wani kananan iyali incubator "Universal" tsarin, "hen", TOC, DRS-F-03, da kuma sauransu. The damar wadannan incubators sau da yawa kayyade dangane da yawan qwai, watau dole ne ka bayar da cewa quail qwai sauka 4-6 sau ya fi girma fiye da kaza. Ko da kuwa abin da irin wani incubator, masana'antu, ko na gida, shi dole ne hadu wasu bukatun: da na'urar kamata kula da zama dole zazzabi - 37-39 ° C, qwai juyin mulki ya kamata faru ta atomatik.

Domin Hatching qwai da mãtan suna sanya tare da maza a cikin rabo 1: 2 - 1: 4 iyalan wanda abun da ke ciki an kammala da kuma zabin da aka ba su canja ba. Lokacin da kiwo da ake amfani da rabuwar su maza da mãtã. A wannan yanayin, da dabbar ta hanyar canjin mace 10-15 minti podsazhivayut namiji, sa'an nan wasu lokaci daga baya wannan aka maimaita tare da wani mace, da dai sauransu Kamar wancan hadu qwai ne 80% - fi yadda free Pairing. A kiwo aiki don kula da high hadu qwai da mace da namiji amfani for 3 months, sa'an nan kuma aka jefar da ta maye gurbin biyu-wata matasa tattabaru dõminku.

Hatching qwai dole ne a yau da kullum da siffar, tare da m surface, da talakawan pigmentation, yin la'akari 9-11 g Karami kuma ya fi girma qwai nuna muni da sakamakon da shiryawa da kuma rearing. Daga quail nama irin Fir'auna a cikin incubator sa qwai yin la'akari 12-16 g A kimantawa da ingancin Hatching qwai ne kyawawa don ilmantar da a kan candling, wanda shi ne kawai don sa kamar yadda ya 30% na qwai ake fashe a harsashi da sauran flaws. Dirty qwai ba su wanke - zai iya halakar nadskorlupnuyu film da kuma sanƙarar da pores na iska canje-canje. Tattalin ga shiryawa da qwai adana ba fiye da 7 kwanaki.

Fresh qwai nutse a cikin ruwa a dakin da zazzabi, da haihuwa, tare da ci-gaba iska ɗaki don taso kan ruwa. Mafi matasa mace ne daga shekaru 2-6 watanni.

Sarrafa da ci gaban da tayi na iya zama a kan candling. A al'ada ci gaba, ta hanyar 9.5 kwana a cibiyar daga cikin kwai amfrayo za a iya gani a cikin nau'i na duhu aibobi.

A 17th rana perepelyata, sunã mãsu jũyãwa da kwai, ƙyanƙyashe kwai harsashi a karkara a cikin widest wani ɓangare. Kammalawa abokantaka da kuma yawanci kammala a 4-6 hours, ko da yake mutum perepelyata daga wannan tsari da kuma iya kyankyasar kwan 1-2 kwanaki bayan da farko fitarwa. Lokacin da laima Pip auku a m ɓangare na kwai, da kuma chick kanta sau da yawa ba zai iya tserewa daga harsashi. Idan ma bushe a cikin incubator, harsashi podskorlupnye zama da karfi. Perepelenok baki karya harsashi, amma ba zai iya fita daga shi. Watau zafi - daya daga cikin key nasarar dalilai shiryawa. A kan 15th ranar shiryawa da kwai ne mafi alhẽri don motsawa a wata gubar jam'iyya. Kajin daga incubator mafi jure kawai 10-12 hours bayan janyewar, wato, a kan 18th rana bayan kwanciya qwai.

Saboda kajin suna karkashin sanya incubator brooder, tare da yawan zafin jiki 37.5 °, ta kowane 4 days saukar da zuwa 2 °, to 20th kwanaki na shekaru, shi rage zuwa dakin da zazzabi. Idan kajin kada ka ji dadi, da suka fara zuwa amo irin na jemage, bunch up idan yana da sanyi, kuma idan duk ya fita daga cikin brooder - to, yana da zafi.

A cikin farko biyu ko uku makonni cikin hasken da kajin da aka lit duk lokacin, sa'an nan hankali rage hasken rana hours zuwa 12-16 hours a rana.

Fed quail a farkon kwanaki hudu a rana sau Hard Boiled grated kwai, tare da Bugu da kari na milled hatsi cakuda. Daga rana ta biyu ba da guga man kindirmo da kuma albasa-alkalami, daga rana ta uku - grated karas, nettle, Boiled ramammu kifi, a multivitamin da kuma 'yan saukad da na kifi mai. Fodder za a iya ba matsayin bushe ko dan kadan m. Feeder amfani a cikin kudi na 1.5 cm uwa da kai, shan kwano - 1 cm. Domin rigakafin perepelyatam daga rana zuba a cikin ƙullunku dan kadan m bayani na potassium permanganate a Boiled ruwa, multivitamins kudi na 1 drop da 2 kawunansu. Da amfani sosai kuma zuwa fayil decoctions na ganye chamomile, calendula, plantain, nettle, fennel. Tablespoon ciyawa 1 lita, daga ruwan zãfi, ya kawo a tafasa da kuma tomyat 'yan mintoci.

Ka mai da hankali ....

u A rana ta takwas na quail girma da ake kira "hemp" - gaba gashinsa da kuma kajin duba datti da kuma rigar, akwai wani marmarin ya fanshe su ba, amma shi take kaiwa zuwa ga mutuwa. Ko da chick ne karfi smeared, jiƙa shi da haɗari.

u Sau da yawa, ba-salon salula abun ciki na rigar zuriyar dabbobi, kuma ku ciyar a kan kafafu quail kafa corns. Ba za ka iya kokarin cire su, a lokacin da bushe, ya kamata su zama rigar da dumi ruwa, kuma amma sai bayyananne kogotochki. Yana da kyau a kauce wa wannan, kamar yadda sklevyvanie, da tsuntsaye na nasu sabili da kashin dabbabin. Saboda haka kajin mafi daga rana zuwa kasa a raga bene.

u Perepelyata sauƙi nutse a cikin ruwa don haka so injin kududdufai. A karkashin mãsu shã a wannan lokacin za a iya saya a kantin sayar da-na musamman saucer-kambun domin gwangwani, wanda aka shigar inverted gilashin jar kafa tare da wata rata a cikin saucer.

u tsoroce da kullum boye a karkashin takarda stock, sau da yawa samun makale a can. Very m, kuma jumpy! Kada ka bari damar gudun hijira daga akwatin. Kada ka sanya tsuntsaye a kan titi ba tare da Kwayoyin gare su, su bi ba zai yiwu ba ga kama su ba da sauki, amma a yanayi za su mutu.

u Kafin watan ne mafi kyau raraka ta hanyar abinci, idan duk wannan chick shake bushe abinci, yana yiwuwa su yi kokarin ajiye shi, a hankali turawa a makale yanki na abinci a cikin na farko da makonni biyu na rayuwa quail ne mafi alhẽri a ciyar a kan trays sanya daga plywood da katakai 5 mm m.

u Kada poite violently m kajin. Idan chick ba zai iya sha kadai, zai mutu ta wata hanya.

u wanka a cikin gardama ash-yashi wanka quail bukatar tabbatar da haka, amma ba a baya fiye da kwanaki 45 da haihuwa.

u ya faru da cewa kajin daga brooder, jin sanyi da kuma mayar da hankali a, zauna na dogon lokaci a cikin wani yanki da kasa domin su zuwa da zazzabi. Za ka iya shirya shinge na kwali ko plywood fuska a cikin da'irar a nesa na 1.25-1.5 m daga gefen laima brooder. A wani masu garu yankin na kajin zai sami abinci da ruwa, wanda kuma da muhimmanci sosai. Ga matasa dabbobi ne sosai amfani ultraviolet da infrared radiation.

Idan da tsuntsaye da ake tãyar for qwai, sa'an nan a watan haihuwa, za ka iya fassara shi a cikin abinci ga kwanciya hens, shi ne har yanzu mai rahusa ciki. Quail sunã gaggãwa gida for 9-11 watanni, sa'an nan aka kiwata, kuma yanka don samar da nama.

Kajin don samar da nama yanka a cikin shekaru 4 makonni, lokacin da za ka iya riga bambanta maza daga cikin mace. Sau da yawa zuwa carcasses sun fatter yanayin, pre-turkakkun tsuntsu, otsazhivaya for daya ko biyu a cikin makonni duhunta cell da kuma shiga cikin cin abinci tare da Boiled dankali.

Yana fitar da ...

u quail tãyuna ci gaba da sauri fiye da kaji da kuma pheasants. Bayan 24 h na shiryawa a kwai perepelenok kama a ci gaban 30-hour kaza. The biyar-rana quail tãyuna hadu da shida-rana mako kaza da Pheasant.

• u Precocity quail sau biyu mafi girma fiye da na Peking duck, kuma sau uku mafi girma fiye da wadanda na zomaye. Cikakken sake zagayowar daga alamomin qwai a cikin incubator har farko kwai daga matasa quail ne kawai 40-66 kwanaki.
• u Idan daji quail scurry fara a cikin watan goma sha biyu, m kaza a kan shida, da gida quail - a karo na biyu.
• u Da kyau kula wasu hens sa biyu qwai da rana.
• u Biyar quail ne a cikin shekara guda yawan qwai da nauyi a matsayin kaza, amma suna girma sau uku sauri, da kuma ciyar da da naúrar na jiki nauyi bukatar kasa.
• u A Japan quail a rarraba ne a kan na biyu wuri bayan da broiler. Nama tantabaru a kanku; a samar da ire-iren abincin gwangwani. Game da yadda m wannan tsuntsu, shi ne gaskiya cewa ta qwai ana sayar akwai, ko da a cikin newsagents.
• u Quail qwai an yi amfani da Bio-masana'antu. Tsayayya-leukemic cututtuka da kuma sarcomatous gaban ilimin aiki jamiái da damar yin amfani da tare da tsoro ba quail qwai a raw siffan.

List of nassoshi:

Zadorozhna LA Perepelovodstvo. - P27 M.: ACT. Donetsk: Stalker 2005

Kananan amma masu daraja .// fili / homestead hozyaystvo.- 2000.- № 4

Formula for perepelovodstva // Nama Sphere / Ptitseprom.- 2010.- № 4

Marinchenko Te