Prolactinoma pituitary gland shine yake: haddasawa, cututtuka da bincike da kuma magani. A pituitary gland shine yake shi ne alhakin abin da?

Lokacin da mutum ya ga wani lokaci mai mahimmancin magani, sai ya fara kwance shi a cikin kayan aikin don ya fahimci rashin lafiya. Sabili da haka, tambayar farko da kansa zai kasance: "Mene ne hakin da yake da shi?". Bayan binciken da ya dace don bayani, zai gano cewa wannan gland ne na ɓoye na ciki, wanda yake sarrafa aikin dukan sauran glandes a jiki. Ci gaba da bincike zai haifar da marasa lafiya zuwa lissafin hormones da kuma kwayoyin da ke tattare da shi. Kuma bayan haka sai ya yanke shawara, a karshe, don gano abin da kalmar "prolactinoma na gwanin gurguzu" na nufin. Wannan ƙari ne wanda yake samar da hormone mai yawa, saboda jiki zai iya jimre su. Exlain prolactin da kuma haifar da halayyar asibiti bayyanar cututtuka. Amma game da komai.

Mene ne glandan pituitary?

Mene ne glanden da ke da alhakin? Glandan da ke tsakiya shine ɓangare na tsakiyar tsakiya, wanda yake a kan ɗakunan basal, a cikin kashi kashi da ake kira "turken Turkiyya". Wannan gland shine ya haifar da hormones wanda ke tsara ci gaban mutum, yawan rayuwa da haifuwa daga zuriya. Gipofiz - jagorar tsarin endocrine. Yin hulɗa tare da hypothalamus, suna tare da jiki, suna samar da ayyuka masu mahimmanci.

A cikin glanden glanding uku sassa ko lobes an bambanta:

1. Sashen na baya yana haifar da hormones. Ana kiran su, saboda suna shafar wasu kwayoyin kuma suna sauraron kyallen su. Sun hada da:
   - thyroid-stimulating hormone (hade da thyroid gland shine yake);
   - adrenocorticotropic hormone (stimulates da adrenal gland);
   - hormone mai haɗari (sarrafa aikin jima'i, haifar da matuƙar ƙwai);
   - hormone luteinizing (stimulates ovulation);
   - Hanyoyin hormone na da alhakin girma;
   - Luteotropic hormone, ko prolactin (ya tsara bayyanar colostrum da madara cikin mata masu ciki, yana da alhakin ilimin mahaifa). Ciwon kwayar cutar gypsum ta tasowa a cikin lobe na baya, yana "ɓarna" aikin lmototropic hormone.
2. A cikin lobe na baya, zane-zane (wanda ke da alhakin kiyaye jigilar jini da ruwan jini a cikin kyallen takarda) an ɓoye shi, da oxytocin, wanda ya zama dole a ciki da kuma ciyar da jariri. Yana aiki a kan tsokoki mai laushi, yanke shi.
3. A tsakiyar ɓangaren, ana haifar da hormones da ke motsa fatar jiki, - melanocytes.

Ayyukan aiki, kamar yadda yake da sauƙi don tsammani, glandan pituitary ya bambanta. Ya mallaki sashi na sel da kuma kira na gina jiki don gina sababbin kyallen takarda. Bugu da ƙari, ya tsara maturation na qwai da kuma spermatozoa, da kuma amsawar jikin ga sakamakon jima'i na jima'i. Tsoma baki a aikin aikin rigakafi, ƙarfafawa ko hanawa aikin glandar thyroid. Yana iko da matakin karfin jini a cikin tasoshin, yawan nauyin mai girma da ingancin barci. Jigilar jiki tana aiki 24 hours a rana, 7 kwana a mako, duk rayuwarmu.

Prolactinum - mece ce?

Ƙananan fahimtar ilmin jikin mutum da kuma physiology na tsarin endocrine, za ka iya ci gaba da bincike game da shi. Tabbas, tare da swoop, ba tare da horo na musamman ba zai zama mai sauƙi ba, amma zaka iya gwadawa a kalla. A cikin ganewar asali, ban da kalmar "pituitary", akwai kuma prolactin. Mene ne?

Prolactin yana daya daga cikin hormones da aka ɓoye daga sel acidophilic na lobe na baya na gland shine. A cikin tsarin sunadarai, yana nufin tsarin gina jiki. Masana kimiyya sun gano dukkanin iyalin abubuwa masu kama da kwayoyin halitta. Sun hada da:

Ci gaba;
- proliferin (sarrafa rukuni na kwayoyin jikinsu na haɗi);
- somatotropin;
- placental lactogen (secreted a lokacin daukar ciki).

Abubuwan da aka sani na prolactin sune kai tsaye ko kai tsaye kai tsaye ga aikin jima'i da haifuwa. Ginin da ake nufi shi ne, kamar yadda sunan yake nunawa, gland shine mammary. Harshen hormone yana karfafa samar da colostrum da canji zuwa madara. A lokacin haihuwa da kuma lokacin da take ciki, yana da alhakin ci gaba da ci gaban ƙwayar mammary, adadin lobules da ducts. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: ana samun masu karɓar prolactin a kusan dukkanin kwayoyin halitta da kyallen jikin mutum, amma bai riga ya san yadda tasirin da ke faruwa a kansu ba.

Tsarin kwayar cutar guashi ta fito ne daga maye gurbi a cikin kwayoyin adenohypophysis. Yana haifar da samar da kariya daga prolactin kuma ya inganta dabi'unta, wanda ke shafar lafiyar lafiyar marasa lafiya. Abin farin ciki, sanannun ganewa da kuma maganin wannan farfadowa sun riga an san su kuma sun gwada su, don haka wannan ganewar asali ba hukunci bane.

Prolactinoma

Gyaran kwayar cutar glandon yana nufin lokuttan da ke faruwa a baya na glandon kafa (bisa ga kididdigar, har zuwa kashi 30 cikin yawan yawan ciwon sukari da aka gano). Yana faruwa a cikin mata masu haihuwa. Ra'ayin tsakanin wakilan ma'abota karfi da adalci - 1 zuwa 6.

Tsarinsa, a matsayin mai mulkin, bazai wuce mita biyu zuwa uku ba, amma ga maza, akwai kuma manyan ƙirar - fiye da centimita na diamita. Wadannan ciwace-ciwacen suna aiki ne na hormonal, tun da sun samar da prolactin. A al'ada an haɗa shi a wakilan ma'aurata. Prolactin zai iya samun tasiri a kan gabobin duka a jikinsa kuma a tare da tare da jituwa da jigilar kwayoyin halitta. Musamman ma ana nuna musu sakamakon lokacin haihuwa da lactation. Amma bayan haka, suna tsara tsarin jima'i da farkon jima'i.

Hanyoyin hormone mai yawa ya haifar da komai. Matar ta zama bakarariya, wato, ba za ta iya yin ciki ba kuma ta haifi ɗa. Maza maza da suke da matsanancin matsayi na prolactin, suna da matsala tare da kwarewa da gyare-gyare, lura da ƙaddarawa da kuma ƙirar haɓaka a cikin gland.

Dalilin

Masana kimiyya ba su da tabbacin dalilin da yasa mutum yayi wannan sabon ci gaban, amma ya lura da wasu alamomin da suka saba da su ga dukan marasa lafiya da irin wannan ganewar.

Da farko dai, magana, ba shakka, game da cututtuka na kwayoyin halitta daga tsarin endocrine. A matsayinka na mulkin, waɗannan su ne ƙananan neoplasms (wato, akwai ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyi a kusan dukkanin gland na ciki mugunta). Akwai samar da kima mai yawa ba kawai prolactin ba, har ma da hormones na thyroid da parathyroid glands, pancreas, adrenals, gypsum da kuma gwaninta gaban ulcers a cikin ciki.

An sani cewa a cikin dangin zumunta suna da zarafin samun wannan farfadowa ya fi yadda yawancin jama'a suke. Kwayoyin zamani ba ya daina kuma yana nemo kwayoyin da ke da alhakin canza dabi'un adenohypophysis cells, amma har yanzu ba a samu nasara a wannan yanki ba.

Ƙayyadewa

Adenoma na glandon gwal (prolactinoma) zai iya bambanta a wuri a cikin turken Turkiyya. Akwai kungiyoyi biyu na ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyi:

1. Tsarin kwayoyin halitta, wanda ba ya wuce ɗaya santimita cikin girman kuma ba ya ƙetare ƙananan iyakoki na fossa pituitary.
2. Ƙarin fasaha mai girma wanda ya zama babba da fadada bayan sadarwar Turkiyya.

Girman ciwon sukari ya dogara ne akan tsananin bayyanar cututtuka. Wannan ya shafi ba kawai ga takamaiman aikin na hormone ba. Magungunan ƙwayar cuta yana ƙaddamar da wasu sifofin kwakwalwa, yana haifar da bayyanar cututtuka da keɓaɓɓun maganin halitta. Zai iya zama makanta, hasara na wari, shan kashi na wasu jijiyoyin cranial (mahimmanci, fatar jiki, oculomotor). Common bayyanar cututtuka sun hada da ciwon kai, ciki na yanayi, tashin hankali, irritability da kuma tunanin lability.

Ciwon kwayar cutar pituitary: bayyanar cututtuka a cikin mata

Na dogon lokaci wata mace ba ta lura da canji masu ban mamaki a jikinta, musamman ma idan tana da matsala tare da jima'i kafin cutar. A cikin marasa lafiya, akwai karuwar yawan adadin lokuta na haila, rashin lafiya na fitarwa ko a gaba ɗaya babu. Mace da suke so su haifi jariri ba za su iya yin hakan ba, domin kwayoyin halitta ba su faruwa ba.

Waɗanne cututtuka ne mata ke da? Gyaran kwayar cutar gland shine ya haifar da samar da colostrum da madara ko da a cikin matan da ba su da shiri su zama iyaye mata. Za a iya saki ruwa a lokacin da ake amfani da isolar ta hanyar inji, ko zai iya kwarara a kan kansa (yawanci saboda yawan madara). Mace da waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka sunyi tunani game da ciwon nono ko sauran canje-canje na gida, amma tare da gwadawa sosai, zaka iya gano tushen matsalar.

Alamun prolactinoma na glandon kwance a cikin mata - ba wai kawai ladabi na colostrum da madara ba, kuma yana da karuwa a cikin kasusuwan kasusuwa har zuwa osteoporosis. Bugu da ƙari, raguwa na sauran jima'i na jima'i, misali estrogen, yana haifar da riƙewar ruwa cikin jiki da kuma karfin gwaninta. Yanayin zai iya canzawa da ƙarfin gaske - polymorphous kurakura a kan fata, ya kara yawan gashi sama da laka na sama da kuma na sama. Duk wannan ya kamata tura likita zuwa ra'ayin magungunan pituitary.

Cutar cututtuka a cikin maza

An yi amfani da kwayar cutar glandon mutum a rage yawan kwayoyin testosterone da kuma cin zarafin jinsin jima'i. Hakanan yana haifar da rashin lafiya. Amma tare da aspermia da tsagewa ya ɓace, haɓakawar jima'i yana raguwa, ƙarfin zai faɗi.

Bugu da ƙari, wakilai na raƙuman karfi suna lura da karuwa da kuma canzawa cikin siffar nono - gynecomastia. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana samo shi a cikin 'yan wasa masu sana'a da ke sa ido kan suturar tsoka, kuma mutumin da ba ya daukar steroid ya kamata ya zama alama mai hatsari. Wani lokaci madara zai iya barin daga nono mai girma.

Daga cikin wadansu abubuwa, maza da lokaci sukan zo ne daga glandan jima'i, bacewar halayen halayen jima'i na biyu, akwai raunin kasusuwan kasusuwa da tsokawar tsoka.

Diagnostics

Ciwon kwayar cutar Pituitary (prolactinoma) mafi yawan lokuta aka ƙaddara bayan nazarin neurovisualizing (hotunan fuska mai haske). Kuma kana buƙatar ba kawai siffar binciken bane, amma bincike ne na hakika don maganin gurguntaccen gland shine tare da amfani da matsakaitan matsakaici - gadolinium, tropic zuwa nama neuroendocrine. MRI ba ka damar ƙayyade girman da wuri na lahani.

A ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayar cuta, har zuwa centimeter ɗaya, yana da muhimmanci don amfani da rubutun kwamfuta, saboda yana da ƙarin bayani. CT duba a fili yana nuna sifofin sifofi da canje-canjen su a cikin ci gaban adenoma.

Amma banda gagarumin hanyoyin da ake bukata don tabbatar da ganewar asali da kuma shirya don tiyata, akwai hanyoyin bincike na ganewar asali. Da farko, wannan ma'anar matakin prolactin cikin jini. Dole ne a yi nazari a sau uku, a cikin kwanakin daban-daban na juyayi, don cire ɓataccen ɓataccen abu ko kuskuren lalacewar da aka haifar da damuwa ko haɓaka na jiki. Sakamakon, wanda ya nuna fiye da nau'i nau'i 200 na milliliter, kusan gaba daya yana nuna ci gaban kyama.

Idan matakin prolactin ya kasance daga 40 zuwa 100 nanograms, yana iya cewa irin waɗannan alamun suna haifar da ragu a cikin aikin thyroid, ciwowar kirji ko rashin aikin gwaninta. Tabbas, wadannan ƙwararru ma ba su da ƙarfin zuciya.

Jaraba tare da tyroliberin ya fi nuni. Bayan an yi masa allurar rigakafi, rabin sa'a daga baya, an kara karuwa a samar da prolactin. Tsinkayar hormone dole ne ya zama akalla sau biyu. Tare da ciwon kwayar cutar a cikin marasa lafiya, adadin prolactin cikin jini baya canzawa ko kara ƙaruwa. Idan har yawan kwayoyin halitta ba su haifar da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ba, amma ta wasu ƙananan haddasawa, sa'an nan kuma amsa ga tyroliberin zai kasance kusa da al'ada.

Kada ka manta game da shawarwarin masu sana'a da kuma tambayoyin mai haƙuri. Domin yin tunanin pathology, wani lokaci ya isa ya tambayi tambayoyi masu kyau.

Jiyya

Jiyya na prolactinoma na glandan pituitary, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana da magani. Anyi amfani da farfasa don rage matakin hormone da kuma magance sakamakon da ya lalace. Za'a iya yin amfani da magungunan kwayoyi da ka'idoji don gudanar da aikin su ne kawai ta hanyar endocrinologist a karkashin kulawa da kwakwalwar gwaje-gwaje. A arsenal na likita akwai wasu kwayoyi kamar "Bromricrytin", "Levodopa", "Cyproheptadine", "Kabergolin" da sauransu. Yawancin marasa lafiya suna amfani da nada "Bromocriptine". Sakamakon ya zama sananne bayan 'yan makonni. Amma yana da adadi mai yawa, saboda haka mafi kyawun zaɓi shine "Kabergoline." Bugu da ƙari, yana dacewa da amfani (isa sau biyu a kowane mako).

A lokacin farfadowa, girman ƙwayar tumɓari yana raguwa, ɓarna na prolactin falls, hangen nesa na al'ada ya dawo, kuma colostrum yana tsayawa gudana. A cikin mata masu tsufa, halayen al'ada ya sake bayyana, kuma an sake dawo da aikin haihuwa. Maza suna dakatar da su, jima'i ya dawo.

Idan bayan wani lokaci mai mahimmanci na farfadowa da yanayin da ba a canza ba saboda yanayin da yafi kyau ko kuma mummunan yanayin ya bayyana, to, mai kula da jihohin tare da endocrinologist yayi la'akari da tambaya ta hanyar aiki. Ga marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da contraindications ga tiyata, akwai wani madadin - radiotherapy. Amma yana da raunana: rashin cikakkiyar kwayar cuta ta jiki, da kuma saurin maye gurbin rayuwa ya zama dole.

Abinci tare da prolactinoma na glandan tsinkaya shine nufin rage nauyin kima, wanda ya bayyana akan gazawar hormonal. Wani likitan halitta ko mai gina jiki zai taimaka wajen samar da tsarin abinci mai gina jiki wanda zai ƙunshi dukan macro da microelements da ake bukata, kuma suna da abun da ake kira calcium da phosphorus da ake bukata domin rigakafin osteoporosis. Za'a iya biyan abinci masu kyau idan an ci gaba da cutar.

Jiyya na maganin ƙwayar cutar gizon ta hanyar maganin magungunan gargajiya ne wanda aka wulakanta shi ta hanyar kwararru, tun da yake infusions da decoctions ba su kawo tasirin da ake so ba, amma a lokaci guda suna raguwa da aikin glandar thyroid da adonal gland. Wannan zai iya tasiri ga lafiyar mai haƙuri, da kuma bayanin da ya shafi farfadowa. Idan kana so ka azabtar da kanka tare da girke-girke, kada ka manta ka tuntubi likita.

Fahimci da kuma rigakafi

Shin zan iya warkewa daga kwayar cutar glandon gurasar? Sakamakon sakamakon tasiri na haɗari na kwayoyin hormones a jiki shine irin wannan ko da yunkurin da kansa ya ɓace, mutumin zai sake farfado da ayyukan da ya ɓace har dogon lokaci. Bugu da ƙari, likitoci ba su bayar da wani tsinkaya game da gudun dawowa da nasara ba.

Rushewar yana faruwa a kusan rabin marasa lafiya, kuma bayan tiyata, kididdigar sun kasance maƙasa - kawai kashi talatin cikin dari na maganin.

Shin ganewar asalin "kwayar cutar glandon" ne hukunci? Bayani yana da wuyar ba. Jiyya zai iya ɗaukar shekaru kuma bai samar da wani sakamako ba. Da zarar shekaru biyu, likitoci sun shawarce ka ka yi fassarar tsakanin karatun magani don taimakawa kodan da hanta. Amma a lokaci guda, sokewar magungunan na iya haifar da mummunan ciki da ciwon tumo.

Marasa lafiya kafa m likita rajistan-up. Kowace shekara dole ne su yi kwamfutarka ko kwakwalwar halayen kwakwalwa na kwakwalwa, tuntuɓi masanin kimiyya, likitan ilimin lissafi da kuma endocrinologist, kuma sun wuce gwaje-gwajen zuwa matakin prolactin. Irin wannan jarrabawa sosai, kwatanta alamomi a cikin gwagwarmaya da dacewar farfadowa ya sa ya yiwu a yi wasu ra'ayoyi game da dawo da marasa lafiya.