Perch shi ne mafi girma a Rasha da kuma a duniya. Features na tsarin da kuma hali na perch

M ganima kama a kama kifi masu goyon baya, musamman hunturu, shi ne kogi perch. A manyan perch - shi ne mafi kyawawa ganima, da kuma kama wannan kifi, shi zai zama kyawawa a nan da nan ku auna nauyi, mũdu da m.

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu tattauna wannan gagarumar kifi da kuma yadda za a dangantaka da nauyi da kuma size na perch da ya haihuwa. Zaka kuma iya koya game da inda babbar bass a duniya da aka kama.

Perch: mazauninsu

Perch River - daya daga cikin mafi kyau-karatu da na kowa nau'in kifi a Eurasia. Amma duk da haka a gaskiya da al'amurran da suka shafi cikin sharuddan ilmin halitta perch ne yafi tambayoyi fiye da amsoshi. Sai dai itace cewa sauran iri kifi karatu muni.

River perch kawaici a kusan dukkan Eurasia. A Asiya, shi ya auku ko da a cikin arewa (Kolyma), kuma da zarar ya tsaya a matsayin mai raba subspecies. A kudu, a kan Lake Balkhash, irin wannan shi ne m zuwa Balkhash perch.

A Turai ta farko mazauninsu kara zuwa arewacin Birtaniya Tsibirin, arewacin sassa na Scandinavia da arewa na Kola Larabawa. Southern yanki na ƙasa rufe kusan duk na Turai. Amma yanzu da wuri inda kifi da aka samu, fadada kamar kogi perch, kamar yadda m jinsuna, sau da yawa displaces gida endemic wakilan a kafuwa a cikin sabon kududdufai.

Yau bass aka samu a cikin arewacin Ireland da kuma Birtaniya, wani lokacin a Iran, Turkiyya, kasar Sin da ma Afrika. Yana iya acclimatize da kuma a Australia da kuma New Zealand. Kawai a Amurka, wannan kifi ba a kama a kan saboda da korar 'yan qasar jinsunan rawaya perch, wanda shi ne mai kama da kogin.

The most kogin perch rayu a kan Nile. Wannan shi ne dan kadan fiye da za a iya samu a kasa.

description

Perch yana da wani kyakkyawan muhalli plasticity, saboda abin da, adapting to yanayi daban-daban na rayuwa, shi iya duba mabanbanta. Alal misali, a cikin Karelian tabkuna za a iya samu kusan baki 'yan jinsin. Irin saka launi damar su sake kama kansu da kyau. Kuma da yawa a cikin koguna, mamaye m kasa, da kifi, a akasin haka, sosai mai haske. Ko da ratsi a jikin ta, wani lokacin ba zai iya gani.

Sun iya bambanta da size, rabbai, da yawa kuma launi na fins. Yana da muhimmanci a lura da cewa dukkan wadannan data kasance siffofin ne ba subspecies. Su waje siffofin ba su gaji, kuma a kan lokaci, misali, da duhu launi Karelian perch sanya a cikin wani tafki da m kasa hankali a saukake.

The most perch a Rasha an dauke da za a yin la'akari kadan kasa da 6 kilo, amma yana da kyawawan rare. Ko yin la'akari kamar 1.5 kg, wannan yana dauke da wani babban kifi, amma mafi biyu Sar - manya-manyan. A talakawan nauyi na kananan kududdufai perch da wuya ya kai 700-1200 grams.

Manyan perch ba haka ba ne mai girma. Mafi yawansu ba su girma a tsawo da kauri. su tsawon shi ne kamar 54 cm, da kuma kauri da kuma tsawo na game da 18 da kuma 27 santimita, bi da bi.

habitats

River perch (babbar ko da karami), ko da kuwa size, settles tafki yankin tare da ciyayi ko wasu halitta mafaka. Yawancin wadannan yankunan da kwarara ko ba a duk, ko shi rarrauna ne.

Matsayin mai mulkin, wurare da karfi igiyoyin kifi Tserewa. Saboda haka, wannan alƙarya ne sosai rare a dutsen na gudãna (saboda da sauri qoramu da sosai sanyi ruwa).

Rasha bass

A saba size na perch ba fiye da 1200 grams. A rare lokuta ya kai gare shi 2.8 kg, kuma kawai a manyan tabkuna, misali, a kan Onega ci karo 3-kg ko fiye, kuma a Chudskom lake - 4-kilogram. Ya kamata a lura cewa a Yammacin Siberia irin Refayawa ne ba sabon abu. Yekaterinburg tabkuna da tafkunan da kewaye ne babban mazaunin perches (game da 5 kg).

The most perch kama a cikin ƙasa na Rasha - wata gravid mace, wanda nauyi kai 5.965 kg. ta kama a cikin tafkin Tishkin zuriyar dabbobi a shekarar 1996, a cikin Tyumen yankin (Uvat gundumar).

Musamman manyan perch aka kama a Siberia da kuma a Lower Volga. Wannan shi ne saboda da gaban manyan forage ƙasar da kuma a kananan matsa lamba na wayewa.

Age na kifi aka ƙaddara ta girma zobba, Notes a cikin sama muƙamuƙi da kashi murfi. Har game da shekaru 23 da haihuwa zai iya rayuwa kogin perch. Wannan shekaru da aka gyarawa a cikin perch, ya zauna kama a Mongolia, Lake Hovsgol. Its tsawon kasance 44.7 cm, da kuma nauyi - 2 kg.

Kuma da size da kuma rayuwa span na da irin wannan kifi ma ya dogara ne a kan tafki halaye. Inda ya na zaune a Rasha manyan perch? The most misali iya saduwa a cikin deltas na Volga da Kuban kõguna da kududdufai a Siberia.

iri perch

A da yawa manyan tafkunan perch yawan mutane, an wakilta biyu jinsi, kowanne daga abin da na da, musamman da mazauninsu, rage cin abinci, da kuma hali. A cikin bays, jihar bakin teku thickets sanaki da ake kira na ganye perch, kuma shi ne quite mai yawa, amma shi ne na girma sannu a hankali. Yana ciyarwa kwafin mafi yawan kwaro, amma sau da yawa wani wanda aka azabtar da yara. Yawancin lokaci ya zo a fadin yayin da kama kifi koto taso kan ruwa.

Features zurfin bass za a iya bayyana kamar haka: girma da sauri, yana da wani lokacin farin ciki da fadi da jiki, ciyar da mafi yawa kananan kifi.

A halayyar alama ga wakilan biyu jinsi ne cewa a wani mataki da suka zauna wajen guda mazauninsu da kai a irin wannan salon. Canje-canje da kuma fitowan da bambance-bambance ya auku a kan aiwatar da girma. Ya kamata a lura da cewa zurfin tseren mace rabo ne yafi hakan. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa da sauri-girma mãtã spawn a kowace shekara.

Game da ganye form wasu masu bincike yi imani da cewa shi ya ba da wani isasshen abinci gare su da kuma shakka hana a ci gaba da kuma ci gaban da qwai a dangane da abin da wakilan wannan nau'in spawn kawai a shekara.

Nile perch

Nile perch - mafi girma a bass a duniya. A tsawon mita biyu kai wannan mutum, kuma da nauyi iya wuce 150 kilo.

Saboda da babban size na perch ne saman predator a duk da wuraren. An samu, yafi a koguna kamar Nilu, Nijar da Congo.

Shi ne a cikin 50s na karni na 19th, Kogin Nilu perch ya na da muhimmanci ciniki jinsunan. Ya aka kawo wa gabashin Afirka tabkuna - Victoria da kuma Tanganyika.

Bugu da kari, irin wannan da aka kaddamar a cikin wucin gadi Lake Nasser, wanda ya fara tayar da shi a matsayin kama kifi kifi. Wannan perch ne a 'yan wasa anglers fi so ganima. Saboda da rashin manyan size da ferocious ƙaddarãwar ga wani masunci, ya - da coveted ganima. Photos of mafi girma perch da aka gabatar a kasa.

Nile perch yawanci ciyar a kan kifi na sauran jinsunan, crayfish, kwari. Akwai lokuta da cin abinci lafiya wakilan nasu jinsin. Voracious perch so ya ciji a kan wucin gadi ciyar da koto.

Anglers daga ko'ina cikin duniya zo Afirka tabkuna da koguna da guda manufa - don kama wannan kwarai wakilin giant. Kuma da nama na wannan kifi ne sosai dadi.

Ya kamata kuma a lura da cewa, a 2002 wani masunci daga Birtaniya ya iya kama duniya most Nile perch, wanda nauyinsa 85 kilo. Bugu da kari, a kan tafkin Victoria da aka sau daya fished mutu halitta bass (mafi girma), wanda nauyi kai 140 kilo. Kuma ichthyologists kula da cewa wannan ba iyaka.

A bit na spawning

Kara zafin jiki zuwa 10 darajõji, kuma dunbin kankara - kyau kara kuzari ga spawning perch. Irin wannan yanayi ne ya cancanta ga cikakken maturation da qwai, tun da shi ya dogara da kasancewar ruwa da oxygen wadata.

Spawning hijirarsa - hankula, amma ba dole ba sabon abu. Alal misali, perch, da suke zaune a sabo ruwa, yawanci kawai neman kyau warmed da kuma kananan rabo. Duk da haka, mutane da suke zaune a ruwan zartsi ruwan, to spawn tafi a cikin sabo kogin ruwa saboda su qwai kula gishiri (a gishiri bayani aka kashe a sakamakon dehydration).

Spawning bass yana da wani duration na game da wani mako. Number of qwai a manyan mãtã iya isa har zuwa 300 000, ko da yake su talakawan yawan ne game da 20-30 dubu.

Game da halaye na kifi

Inherently perch - makaranta kifi. Kawai mafi girma a samfurori ana sa dabam. Juveniles yawanci batar cikin manyan lambobi zuwa 100 mutane ko fiye garkunan tumaki. Suka ciyar a kan matasa kifi Roe na sauran kifi da kwaro. Saboda haka, yana da muhimmanci ba yawan su a cikin fakitin, da kuma mai kyau wuri.

Perch-matasa kiyaye a cikin garkunan game 5-20 guda, kamar yadda a cikin wani irin abun da ke ciki sauki ganima kan matasa kifi, yin karan su tare da kuma samar da wani misãli, tukunyar jirgi, a cikin abin da yara kyawawan sauri rasa kamunkai a kan tsari na babban adadin samarwa da kuma fara mafadaci hari. "Tukunyar jirgi" ga kadi kama kifi - mafi m wani zaɓi, amma chances na kamawa da babban misali ne kananan.

A ƙarshe, da muhalli da bukatun

Ga wani ban sha'awa kifi rãyukansu, a cikin da yawa tafkunan da koguna, sararin yankunan kasashen da dama. A ganiya zazzabi ga ruwa yana mai daraja na 10-22 digiri Celsius. Lokacin da yawan zafin jiki saukad nekotorm ta aiki rage-rage, amma ba yawa. Ko da a cikin matattu na hunturu kakar shi ya ci gaba da ciyar.