Panel yi, araha gidaje

Panel yi ne hanya daya da precast yi. Ya dogara ne a kan yin amfani da prefabricated karfafa kankare slabs ko prefabricated bangarori. Wadannan kayayyakin da ake amfani da shi don gina administrative da kuma manyan zama gine-gine. A irin wannan shiri a duniya ya samu ta fadi da rarraba, shi bauta uku na asali preconditions, daga gare su:

• da bukatar taro yi.
• samuwan dace albarkatun tushe.
• m horo shafukan for taro ginin.

Panel yi ba zai yiwu ba tare da gaban zirga-zirga hanyoyi da suke da daban-daban kaya-dauke da iya aiki da kuma mai ban sha'awa nisa, tun da shi yana amfani da wani musamman dabara ya sadar da kafuwa raka'a. Aiwatar da kuma iko dagawa crane kayan aiki, saboda bangarori iya auna har zuwa 9 ton, kuma albarku - 30 m. A tabbatacce halaye ne na irin gidaje ne m-zane, babban mataki na shiri domin karewa aiki, da ingancin Tsarin da prefabricated abubuwa, da karshen na waxanda suke da kasuwanci, akwai hanyar.

al'amurra

Panel yi ne tasowa maida isa yau. Kamar kowane sauran fasahar, aka bayyana ta tasowa sabon aikin injiniya, zane da kuma shiryawa yanke shawara. Alal misali, a yau da al'adar gina gidaje tare da facades ba tare da seams. Duk da yake mafi kwanan nan ya zama sananne ga yin amfani da external thermal rufi fasaha, wanda ya shafi yin amfani da guda-garu kankare bangarori. Wannan rufi ba jinkirta da isar da abu a cikin Jirgi lokaci, kamar yadda wadannan ayyuka suna da za'ayi a cikin layi daya da shigarwa na utilities da kuma aiwatar da ciki ado na gine-gine.

Idan muka yi la'akari da noiseless facade yi dabara a more daki-daki, mai yiwuwa ne a lura da cewa kowane kewaye da aka harhada daga single-walled panel, wanda kauri iya bambanta daga 120 zuwa 160 mm. Bayan nan, cikin matsanancin gefen zafi insulating Layer na karfafa kayayyakin da cewa suna da low thermal watsin. Bugu da kari ga wannan kariya, rufi hidima a matsayin tushe na aikace-aikace na plaster Layer. A saman reinforcing Layer aka sawa a m abun da ke ciki, da kauri daga wanda zai iya bambanta daga 2 zuwa 4 mm. fiberglass raga da aka guga man a cikin m abun da ke ciki, da kuma to, shafi na share fage Layer.

A karshe mataki na kammala da m polymer zama amfani, ma'adinai, ko kuma m ado plaster. Irin wannan hangen zaman panel yi a yarda da gine-gine ba wani zamani look su inganta thermal rufi dũkiyarsu da kuma rufe bulkhead gidajen abinci, kawar da thermal gadoji. Wannan zame yayyo, wanda zai iya haifar da daskarewa da na waje ganuwar.

Facades samu wani sirri bayyanar, ba za su iya a yanzu a ji dadin arziki launuka da kuma shafar kyau zuwa gyara, idan ya cancanta. Ra'ayoyi panel yi ma samar da amfani da wata ventilated facade, wanda ake amfani da su a cikin tsari na stoneware panel suna karfafa ta Hanyar sumul gama. Irin m yaduwan wannan fasaha ne saboda gaskiyar cewa bangarori ne na fi inganci idan aka kwatanta da monolithic kayayyaki.

Babban abũbuwan amfãni

Idan akai la'akari da abũbuwan amfãni daga prefabricated yi, zai iya yiwuwa a lura da cewa irin wannan constructions ne quite cheap. Masauki a gine-gine na da irin wannan shi ne mafi m, kuma idan da kwatanta farashin Apartment a panel gidan tare da mai rai sarari a wani tubali gini, bambanci zai zama muhimmi. A amfani za a iya kira ko kuma erection gudun. Alal misali, 17-storey gidan tawagar kwararru iya gina a cikin watanni shida, yayin da na yi na monolithic gine-gine za su bukatar 2.5 years.

Tsĩrar da su da yi site shirye w / w zane, wanda rage lokaci na aiki. Waje bangarori riga da taga raka'a, kuma a ciki akwai riga tashoshi ga kwanciya wayoyi. Idan kana sha'awar a cikin amfanin prefabricated yi, yana yiwuwa su kula ma da smoothness na ciki tsarin. A bangarori suna sanya a wani factory, don haka dogon sha wahala tare da aikace-aikace na plaster masu ba dole. Don kawo surface zuwa cikakken smoothness ba lallai ba ne.

Wadannan gine-gine kusan babu ji ƙyama, don haka da masu iya nan da nan za a fara a gyara bayan kammala shiri. Kuma da sabuwar gina gidan da hargitsi da kuma sauran lahani so ba. Daga cikin abubuwan, da gina irin gine-gine ne kullum ana inganta da kuma kyautata. Tuni wannan shekara shi ne ya shirya yi na sabon bukatun, sabon shiri ayyukan za su yi wani free layout, da facades - wani iri-iri na zane.

Babban disadvantages

Manyan gibba a panel yi za a iya daukan gaban seams, wanda wannan rana kasance tsakanin bangarori, idan shiri ne da za'ayi ba ta m fasaha. Idan wani kananan rata za su kasance a cikin gidajen abinci, sa'an nan cikin dakin zai sami jika, haddasa ganuwar otsyreyut da mold bayyana a farfajiya. A downside ne low damar don zafi jari. A cikin hunturu, ganuwar kwantar da sauri, yayin da a lokacin rani - zafi kyawawan sauri.

Gina prefabricated gidãje, shĩ ne har yanzu underway a yau a kan tsohon fasahar, don haka wadannan gine-gine da wasu disadvantages, daga gare su:

• bad shiryawa.
• gudãna daga ƙarƙashinsu rufi;
• uniformity daga cikin gidajen;
• da rashin yin gyare-gyare da.

Babban irin panel gine-gine

Idan muka rarraba da aka bayyana a yi, shi ne zai yiwu a zabi firam da frameless ginin. Nau'i na farko ya hada da firam-panel, yayin da na biyu - manyan-panel gidan. Frame-panel za a iya raba biyu ƙarin tsarin makirci: full kuma da ciki firam. Idan ya zo ga cikakken frame, ginin da aka kafa ta waje tana goyan bayan da Ribbed bangarori a cikin nau'i na slabs. By da uprights ne tsayayyen bangarori da kuma ciki partitions. Idan gini da ake gina a kan wani cikakken firam na fasaha, da hanyar da za a iya amfani da a tsaye da kuma mai gangara frame tsari. A frame-panel gidaje mamaye tsawon iya bambanta daga 5.6 zuwa 6 m. Building ayi tare da shafi, da nisa tsakanin wanda zai iya bambanta daga 3.2 zuwa 3.6 m.

Features frameless gine-gine

Panel yi za a iya dangana ga frameless yi. Dangane da yawan hawa da kuma manufar gina, da dama zane makircinsu za a iya gano, wato: gine-gine da qazanta ciki da kuma m tsaye da kuma mai gangara partitions, gine-gine da kai-da goyon bayan m, da ɗaukar su kẽta partitions, kazalika a gida tare da qazanta waje da ciki a tsaye ganuwar.

Idan muna magana ne game da gine-gine da su kẽta partitions, a cikin abin da hali abubuwa - shi ne dake fadin ciki ganuwar, wadda ake bisa zoba. Waje bangarori a cikin wannan harka yuwuwa, kuma Ya ƙarfafã, suka bauta wa a matsayin load-qazanta abubuwa, kamar yadda load a kan zoba aka ba sani da su.

aiwatar

Panel yi, wanda da fasahar da aka bayyana a cikin labarin, ya hada da samar da abubuwa a cikin na musamman Enterprises, wanda ake kira factory frame-panel da panel yi. Samuwar manyan gini kashi ne ɗauke da daya daga uku na asali hanyoyi, wato: tsaye samuwar a cikin fayafayan, da yin amfani da tara-rafi ko isar hanya, da kuma wani Hanyar vibroprokata. A karshen harka amfani mirgina niƙa.

A mataki na gaba da harkokin sufuri na ƙãre bangarori na wannan prefab amfani da su ne Semi-trailer trailer ko. Su ɗauke kayayyakin iya aiki ne, wani lokacin fiye da 24 ton. Modern panel yi unshi shigarwa na abubuwa na bond tsarin. Yi gine-gine ne da yin amfani da ciki da kuma na waje goyon bayan bangarori da kuma slabs, wanda aka shigar kusa da juna, saboda haka cewa bayan Fitar da kankare gidajen abinci da kuma seams juya daga matsayin kadan zai yiwu. A sakamakon haka, iya ƙirƙirar barga tsari.

Ƙarin amfani ko rashin amfani panel yi

Aka gyara panel gidaje, wanda suna da wani nau'i na karfafa kankare slabs, sanya a cikin wani gidan-ginin masana'anta. A kan ingancin wannan kayayyakin zai yaushe tsaya daga kayayyaki da cewa ana gina a yi site. Prefabricated katako firam gidaje zane reminiscent daga cikin yara kit taro. A fannin gini ne kasa da cewa amfani da gina wani tubali gidan. Irin wannan laborious da lokaci-cinyewa matakai, kamar bawul taro ko concreting, waxanda suke da halayyar for monolithic gidaje suna cire. A wannan yanayin, masana ganin babban amfani a kan wasu iri yi.

Prefabricated katako firam gidaje yana da disadvantages, wanda aka bayyana a cikin rashin iyawa, don samar da wani m kewayon irin Tsarin. Wannan Gaskiya ne, don salo da dama, wanda aka iyakance zuwa hankula formwork. A shuka ƙera kawai yi cewa bukatar taro aikace-aikace. A tartsatsi gabatarwar precast kankare fasahar shafi bayyanar da wani babbar dama irin wannan gine-gine, wadda take kaiwa zuwa rage daraja na yankin ta gine.

Features na zaman panel yi

Private gidan gini panel iya hada da yin amfani da SIP-material, da ingancin wanda dole ne a tabbatar ma kafin a saye. Idan amfani da su yi low quality-polystyrene ko manne, shi zai iya rage aiki rayuwa a gida. Ba lallai ba ne su sayi bangarori, wanda aka kerarre ta Hanyar hannunka gluing, irin kayayyakin ko da yake akwai mai rahusa amma matalauta quality.

Low-Yunƙurin panel yi dole ne dole a za'ayi bayan dubawa da takardun, wanda ya tabbatar da ingancin kayayyakin. Karko bangarori m ingancin polystyrene. shi bada shawarar samar da wata ginshiƙin gada tushe da tara domin gina Haikalin. Wani lokaci ya magance melkozaglublenny tsiri tushe. Irin wannan tushe zama ko da m goyon baya ga Multi-storey gine-gine. Idan wannan tushe ba dace domin sauki dalilin cewa gona heaving daban-daban, shi ne mafi kyau ga ficewa domin bel na zurfin tushe, shi ya kamata sun mika ƙananan part. Lokacin da gina wani gidan, inda za a iya kasa ko ginshiki bene, yana da daraja neman a slab tushe. Shi ya dace don kusan duk wani ƙasa, kuma yana da high yi.

yi fasaha

Houses sanya daga prefabricated slabs fara gina tare da gina harsashin. sirdinsa fasahar za ta dogara ne a kan zaba tushe jinsunan. Daga cikin abũbuwan amfãni daga cikin gininsa a kan dunƙule tara za ka iya zaɓar gudun da aikin, kazalika da dukan yanayi. Wannan kwatanta shi ne da muhimmanci idan muka yi la'akari da slab ko tushe tef.

Bayan kammala kafuwar iya fara ta waterproofing cewa zai kare tushe da danshi gidan. A gaban abubuwa na karfe ko kuma itace kamata bi da su da musamman mahadi da cewa kara da inganci da tsawon rayuwa. Idan shigar dunƙule tara, sa'an nan suka dace da strapping jirgin, amma kafin shi wajibi ne don sa yin rufi abu a 2 yadudduka. Kafa katako da aka yi dangane da aikin shirya a gaba.

A hanya na aiki

Gina prefabricated gidaje a gaba lokaci shafi shigarwa na kasa. Ƙananan ɓangare na CIP bangarori sarrafa waterproofing bayani, wanda ya hana daukan hotuna zuwa danshi abu. Splice tsakanin bangarori za a iya amfani da Shipo-Ramin dangane da mashaya. Kowane jam'iyyar da aka karfafa ta hanyar da dunƙule.

Kafin fara da kafuwa Shipo-ramummuka gefen bangarori bukatar su yi amfani da kumfa core. Bayan wannan panel suna trimmed da katako alluna. A na gaba lokaci iya fara zuwa Dutsen da farko bene. Works suna da za'ayi a kan kasa farantin. The karami sabawa daga cikin aikin ne unacceptable, tun da shi zai shafi shigarwa na m benaye. A ganuwar a wannan mataki ya zama dole ga alama, domin su aiwatar da taro kamata saita kusurwa bangarori. Bugu da ari bangarori ana harhada dangane da kewaye daga kowane dakin.

ƙarshe

Panel yi azurta kammala taron na farko bene a wajen kusurwa. abubuwa kamar uprights ana amfani da su rufe karshen rabo. A mataki na gaba zai kasance da shigarwa na benaye, kazalika da yi na rufin. Babu bukatar gina wani truss tsarin. Don hawa a rufin kullum amfani da musamman CIP panel, da kuma tari da Layer na da zafi da tururi shamaki ba lallai ba ne.